White light computer-aided optical diagnosis of diminutive colorectal polyps in routine clinical practice.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems could make the optical diagnosis (OD) of diminutive colorectal polyps (DCPs) more reliable and objective. This study was aimed at prospectively evaluating feasibility and diagnostic performance of AI-standalone and AI-assisted OD of DCPs in a real-life setting by using a white light-based system (GI Genius, Medtronic Co, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States). Consecutive colonoscopy outpatients with at least one DCP were evaluated by 11 endoscopists (5 experts and 6 non-experts in OD).

Coagulation Tests and Reversal Agents in Patients Treated with Oral Anticoagulants: The Challenging Scenarios of Life-Threatening Bleeding and Unplanned Invasive Procedures.

In clinical practice, the number of patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) has consistently increased over the years. Since anticoagulant therapy has been associated with an annual incidence of major bleeding (MB) events of approximately 2% to 3.5%, it is of paramount importance to understand how to manage anticoagulated patients with major or life-threatening bleeding.

The Role of Botulinum Toxin Type-A in Spasticity: Research Trends from a Bibliometric Analysis.

Botulinum toxin type-A (BoNT-A) has emerged as a key therapeutic agent for the management of spasticity. This paper presents a comprehensive bibliometric and visual analysis of research concerning BoNT-A treatment of spasticity to elucidate current trends and future directions in this research area. A search was conducted in the Web of Science database for articles focused on the use of BoNT-A in spasticity published between 2000 and 2022.

Corrigendum: Adherence to European society of gastrointestinal endoscopy quality performance measures for upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy: a nationwide survey from the Italian society of digestive endoscopy.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.

GI genius endoscopy module: a clinical profile.

Introduction: The identification of early-stage colorectal cancers (CRC) and the resection of pre-cancerous neoplastic lesions through colonoscopy allows to decrease both CRC incidence and mortality. However, colonoscopy miss rates up to 26% for adenomas and 9% for advanced adenomas have been reported. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) systems have been emerging as easy-to-use tools, potentially lowering the risk of missing lesions.

May Spasticity-Related Unpleasant Sensations Interfere with Daily Activities in People with Stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury? Secondary Analysis from the CORTOX Study.

This study examined the impact of spasticity-related unpleasant sensations (pain, heaviness, stiffness) on various domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) and psychosocial well-being in individuals affected by stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI). The primary aim is to explore how these sensations affect daily activities, participation, and overall quality of life, guided by the comprehensive framework of the ICF. Utilizing a secondary analysis of data from a cohort undergoing Botulinum toxin type-A treatment for spasticity post-stroke or TBI, we developed and administered an ad-hoc questionnaire focusing on ICF domains such as body function, activities and participation, and psychosocial aspects such as mood, relationship, social life, motivation, and sleep quality.

EUS-Guided Gallbladder Drainage Using a Lumen-Apposing Metal Stent for Acute Cholecystitis: Results of a Nationwide Study with Long-Term Follow-Up.

Background: Although endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) using lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) has become one of the treatments of choice for acute cholecystitis (AC) in fragile patients, scant data are available on real-life settings and long-term outcomes.

Methods: We performed a multicenter retrospective study including EUS-guided GBD using LAMS for AC in 19 Italian centers from June 2014 to July 2020. The primary outcomes were technical and clinical success, and the secondary outcomes were the rate of adverse events (AE) and long-term follow-up.

Extraction of stylet-driven pacing lead for left bundle branch area pacing.

We present a case where a stylet-driven pacing lead was successfully extracted from the left bundle branch area pacing, 10 months after implantation. The procedure was performed without any complications, using a standard stylet and employing gentle counterclockwise rotations of the lead body.

Management of patients with extensive small-cell lung cancer in the immunotherapy era: An Italian consensus through a Delphi approach.

Background: Immunotherapy represented a turning point for treating extensive small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Although, many issues remain debated.

Methods: A group of Italian medical and radiation oncologists with expertise in managing patients with ES-SCLC developed a list of statements divided in six areas of interest.

Intersociety Position Statement on the Prevention of Ophthalmia Neonatorum in Italy.

There is currently no worldwide agreement on the real need to administer conjunctival antibiotics to neonates at birth to prevent neonatal conjunctivitis (usually defined as ophthalmia neonatorum) by and . Therefore, there is wide variability in antibiotic administration, conditioned mainly by the social and health context. In Italy, a law enacted in 1940 required doctors and midwives to administer ophthalmic prophylaxis with 2% silver nitrate to all newborns at birth.

Endoscopic GI placement of capsule endoscopy to investigate the small bowel: a multicenter European retrospective series of 630 procedures in adult patients.

Background And Aims: Small-bowel (SB) capsule endoscopy (CE) is a first-line procedure for exploring the SB. Endoscopic GI PlacemenT (EGIPT) of SB CE is sometimes necessary. Although experience with EGIPT is considerable in pediatric populations, we aimed to describe the safety, efficacy, and outcomes of EGIPT of SB CE in adult patients.

REPORT-SCS: minimum reporting standards for spinal cord stimulation studies in spinal cord injury.

Electrical spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has emerged as a promising therapy for recovery of motor and autonomic dysfunctions following spinal cord injury (SCI). Despite the rise in studies using SCS for SCI complications, there are no standard guidelines for reporting SCS parameters in research publications, making it challenging to compare, interpret or reproduce reported effects across experimental studies.To develop guidelines for minimum reporting standards for SCS parameters in pre-clinical and clinical SCI research, we gathered an international panel of expert clinicians and scientists.

Gut Microbiota Ecological and Functional Modulation in Post-Stroke Recovery Patients: An Italian Study.

Ischemic stroke (IS) can be caused by perturbations of the gut-brain axis. An imbalance in the gut microbiota (GM), or dysbiosis, may be linked to several IS risk factors and can influence the brain through the production of different metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), indole and derivatives. This study examines ecological changes in the GM and its metabolic activities after stroke.

Anderson-Fabry Disease: Red Flags for Early Diagnosis of Cardiac Involvement.

Anderson-Fabry disease (AFD) is a lysosome storage disorder resulting from an X-linked inheritance of a mutation in the galactosidase A (GLA) gene encoding for the enzyme alpha-galactosidase A (α-GAL A). This mutation results in a deficiency or absence of α-GAL A activity, with a progressive intracellular deposition of glycosphingolipids leading to organ dysfunction and failure. Cardiac damage starts early in life, often occurring sub-clinically before overt cardiac symptoms.

Selecting Goals and Target Muscles for Botulinum Toxin A Injection Using the Goal Oriented Facilitated Approach to Spasticity Treatment (GO-FAST) Tool.

The objective of this article is to introduce the GO-FAST Tool (developed by the Toxnet group) to clinicians working in the field of neurological rehabilitation, specifically post-stroke spasticity management. The concepts utilized in the Tool and described in this article can be broadly grouped into five topics: the principles of patient-centred goal-setting; an algorithm for setting SMART (specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and timed) treatment goals; goal-related target muscles and botulinum toxin type A dose determinants; goal attainment follow-up, scoring, and interpretation; and the multimodal approach to spasticity management. The Tool can enhance clinical practice by providing guided assistance with goal-setting and target muscle selection for botulinum toxin type A treatment.

SIED-GISCOR recommendations for colonoscopy in screening programs: Part I - Diagnostic.

The implementation of FIT programs reduces incidence and mortality from CRC in the screened subjects. The ultimate efficacy for CRC morbidity and mortality prevention in a FIT program depends on the colonoscopy in FIT+ subjects that has the task of detecting and removing these advanced lesions. Recently, there has been growing evidence on factors that influence the quality of colonoscopy specifically withing organized FIT programs, prompting to dedicated interventions in order to maximize the benefit/harm ratio of post-FIT colonoscopy.

Scoring systems for risk stratification in upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

Several scoring systems have been developed for both upper and lower GI bleeding to predict the bleeding severity and discriminate between low-risk patients, who may be suitable for outpatient management, and those who would likely need hospital-based interventions and are at high risk for adverse outcomes. Risk scores created to identify low-risk patients (namely the Glasgow Blatchford Score and the Oakland score) showed very good discriminative performances and their implementation has proven to be effective in reducing hospital admissions and healthcare burden. Conversely, the performances of risk scores in identifying specific adverse events to define high-risk patients are less accurate, and whether their integration into routine clinical practice has a tangible impact on patient management remains unproven.

Anatomical landmarks for ultrasound-guided rectus femoris diagnostic nerve block in post-stroke spasticity.

Introduction/purpose: To determine the location of the rectus femoris (RF) motor branch nerve, as well as its coordinates with reference to anatomical and ultrasound landmarks.

Methods: Thirty chronic stroke patients with stiff knee gait (SKG) and RF hyperactivity were included. The motor nerve branch to the RF muscle was identified medially to the vertical line from anterior superior iliac spine and the midpoint of the superior margin of the patella (line AP) and vertically to the horizontal line from the femoral pulse and its intersection point with the line AP (line F).