Comparison of In Vitro Corneal Permeation and In Vivo Ocular Bioavailability in Rabbits of Three Marketed Latanoprost Formulations.

Background And Objective: All latanoprost formulations currently available for the treatment of glaucoma or ocular hypertension contain the same concentration of latanoprost (0.005%) but differ in excipients, which may affect corneal drug permeability or stability. This study aimed at comparing corneal penetration of three marketed latanoprost solutions with different excipient formulations in in vitro and in vivo drug permeability studies.

Use of prehospital transfusion by French emergency medical services: A national survey.

Background: Major bleeding is the leading cause of preventable mortality among trauma patients. Several studies have recently shown that prehospital plasma transfusion improves the outcomes of severely injured patients. Although no consensus has been reached, prehospital transfusion is regularly considered to reduce avoidable mortality.

French lyophilized plasma versus normal saline for post-traumatic coagulopathy prevention and correction: PREHO-PLYO protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Post-trauma bleeding induces an acute deficiency in clotting factors, which promotes bleeding and hemorrhagic shock. However, early plasma administration may reduce the severity of trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC). Unlike fresh frozen plasma, which requires specific hospital logistics, French lyophilized plasma (FLYP) is storable at room temperature and compatible with all blood types, supporting its use in prehospital emergency care.

The detection of microbial DNA but not cultured bacteria is associated with increased mortality in patients with suspected sepsis-a prospective multi-centre European observational study.

Objectives: Blood culture results inadequately stratify the mortality risk in critically ill patients with sepsis. We sought to establish the prognostic significance of the presence of microbial DNA in the bloodstream of patients hospitalized with suspected sepsis.

Methods: We analysed the data collected during the Rapid Diagnosis of Infections in the Critically Ill (RADICAL) study, which compared a novel culture-independent PCR/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) assay with standard microbiological testing.

Rate and Predictors of Mucosal Healing in Ulcerative Colitis Treated with Thiopurines: Results of a Multicentric Cohort Study.

Background And Aims: Mucosal healing (MH) with thiopurines has been poorly investigated in ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to assess MH rate in UC patients treated with thiopurine monotherapy.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively collected all UC patients treated with thiopurines more than 6 months who have undergone colonoscopy at baseline and after at least 6 months of treatment.

Radiotherapy for gynecologic cancer in nonagenarian patients: a framework for new paradigms.

No consensus exists regarding the role of radiotherapy in the management of gynecologic cancer in nonagenarian patients. We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of 19 consecutive nonagenarian patients with gynecologic cancer (6 endometrial cancers, 6 cervical cancers, 4 vulvar cancers, and 3 vaginal cancers) who were treated with radiotherapy. Radiotherapy was performed mainly in a palliative setting (n = 12; 63.

Multicenter clinical trial of high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment in glaucoma patients without previous filtering surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the ultrasonic circular cyclocoagulation procedure in patients with open-angle glaucoma naïve of previous filtering surgery.

Methods: Prospective non-comparative interventional clinical study conducted in five French University Hospitals. Thirty eyes of 30 patients with open-angle glaucoma, intra-ocular pressure (IOP) > 21 mmHg and with no previous filtering glaucoma surgeries were sonicated with a probe comprising six piezoelectric transducers.

Rapid Diagnosis of Infection in the Critically Ill, a Multicenter Study of Molecular Detection in Bloodstream Infections, Pneumonia, and Sterile Site Infections.

Objective: Early identification of causative microorganism(s) in patients with severe infection is crucial to optimize antimicrobial use and patient survival. However, current culture-based pathogen identification is slow and unreliable such that broad-spectrum antibiotics are often used to insure coverage of all potential organisms, carrying risks of overtreatment, toxicity, and selection of multidrug-resistant bacteria. We compared the results obtained using a novel, culture-independent polymerase chain reaction/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry technology with those obtained by standard microbiological testing and evaluated the potential clinical implications of this technique.

Grade IV renal trauma management. A revision of the AAST renal injury grading scale is mandatory.

Introduction: The AAST renal injury grading scale is currently the most important variable predicting the need for kidney repair or removal, morbidity and mortality after blunt or penetrating kidney injuries. The 2011 revised version included renal pelvis, uretero-pelvic junction and segmental vascular injuries as grade IV, limiting grade V to severe hilar injuries. However, patients requiring surgery cannot be properly identified because of hemodynamic instability due to grade IV renal injuries.

Working towards accreditation by the International Standards Organization 15189 Standard: how to validate an in-house developed method an example of lead determination in whole blood by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.

Laboratories working towards accreditation by the International Standards Organization (ISO) 15189 standard are required to demonstrate the validity of their analytical methods. The different guidelines set by various accreditation organizations make it difficult to provide objective evidence that an in-house method is fit for the intended purpose. Besides, the required performance characteristics tests and acceptance criteria are not always detailed.

Epstein-Barr virus reactivation in critically ill immunocompetent patients.

Background: Herpes viruses can be reactivated among immunocompetent patients in intensive care unit (ICU). Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) have been the most studied. We hypothesized that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) could also be reactivated in immunocompetent patients during their stay in ICU and that this would be associated with morbidity and mortality.

Syphilitic Scleritis.

A 47-year-old man developed a painful right red eye for 72 hours with a 20/25 decreased visual acuity. He had no medical history. Slit-lamp examination revealed a painful nodular scleritis at the equator of the globe in the infero-temporal quadrant.

Influence of previous or synchronous bladder cancer on oncologic outcomes after radical nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma.

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of a history of bladder cancer (BC) or synchronous BC on the prognosis and survival of patients who have undergone radical nephroureterectomy (RNU).

Methods And Materials: Using a multi-institutional, retrospective database, we identified 662 patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UUT-UC) treated by radical nephroureterectomy, between 1995 and 2010. We analyzed clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes according to the history of BC or concomitant BC or both, at the time of diagnosis.

Suspected acute coronary syndrome in a theater of operations: first management, medical evacuation, and final diagnosis: experience of the French Medical Army.

Objective: to evaluate the treatment of the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) among soldiers stationed on a theater of operations by structures usually conceived to treat combat-related trauma.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study involving the whole medical evacuations out of a theater of operations to the benefit of the French Armed forces, for a suspected diagnosis of ACS.

Results: 35 patients were included in this study with 20 for a diagnosis of persistent ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI).