Using Live Imaging and Fluorescence Ubiquitinated Cell Cycle Indicator Embryonic Stem Cells to Distinguish G1 Cell Cycle Delays for General Stressors like Perfluoro-Octanoic Acid and Hyperosmotic Sorbitol or G2 Cell Cycle Delay for Mutagenic Stressors like Benzo(a)pyrene.

Lowest observable adverse effects level (LOAEL) is a standard point-of-departure dose in toxicology. However, first observable adverse effects level (FOAEL) was recently reported and is used, in this study, as one criterion to detect a mutagenic stimulus in a live imager. Fluorescence ubiquitinated cell cycle indicator (FUCCI) embryonic stem cells (ESC) are green in the S-G2-M phase of the cell cycle and not green in G1-phase.

Outcomes of a GnRH Agonist Trigger Following a GnRH Antagonist or Flexible Progestin-Primed Ovarian Stimulation Cycle.

A suggested explanation for the pituitary-suppressive effects of progestin-primed ovarian stimulation cycles (PPOS) is pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) depletion with progestin exposure during the follicular phase. The GnRH agonist (GnRHa) trigger releases endogenous LH from the pituitary, and if the LH depletion theory is correct, the response to the agonist trigger would be dampened in PPOS cycles. In this study, we compared the performance of the GnRHa trigger after PPOS and GnRH antagonist ovarian stimulation cycles.

Marginal differences in preimplantation morphokinetics between conventional IVF and ICSI in patients with preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A): A sibling oocyte study.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the morphokinetic behaviour between conventional IVF and ICSI, in cycles with preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A).

Materials: A randomized controlled trial (NCT03708991) was conducted in a private fertility center. Thirty couples with non-male factor infertility were recruited between November 2018 and April 2019.

The Relationship between the Testicular Blood Flow and the Semen Parameters of Rams during the Selected Periods of the Breeding and Non-Breeding Seasons.

The study aimed to conduct advanced semen evaluation tests during routine ram examination periods in the breeding and non-breeding seasons and to investigate their correlation with the dynamics of testicular blood flow. Semen was collected from eighteen rams, and pulse wave Doppler examination before (BBS), during (BS), and after the breeding season (ABS). Routine and advanced semen analysis, including computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), sperm chromatin dispersion test (SCD), and motile sperm organelle morphology examination (MSOME), were conducted.

Using Live Imaging and FUCCI Embryonic Stem Cells to Rank DevTox Risks: Adverse Growth Effects of PFOA Compared With DEP Are 26 Times Faster, 1,000 Times More Sensitive, and 13 Times Greater in Magnitude.

Fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator (FUCCI) embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which fluoresce green during the S-G2-M phases, generate an S-shaped curve for the accumulation of cells during normal stemness (NS) culture with leukemia-inhibitory factor (LIF). Since it was hypothesized that a culture of ESCs was heterogeneous in the cell cycle, it was expected that increased S-G2-M-phases of the cell cycle would make an S-shaped curve parallel to the accumulation curve. Unexpectedly, it was observed that the fraction of FUCCI ESCs in green decreases over time to a nadir at ∼24 h after previous feeding and then rapidly enters S-G2-M-phases after medium change.

Recurrent implantation failure: a plea for a widely adopted rational definition.

Most proposed definitions of recurrent implantation failure (RIF) are based on clinical judgement, probably affected by patients' demands. They are not based on robust statistical considerations. As a result, a diagnosis of RIF is commonly made too early, exposing couples to the risk of overdiagnosis and overtreatment.

Uterine Cavity Irrigation With Office Hysteroscopy During Ovarian Stimulation for IVF: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: This was a non-blinded randomized controlled study to evaluate whether endometrial irrigation office hysteroscopy during the early follicular phase would lead to a higher level of live birth rates compared to no irrigation in the fresh embryo transfer cycle.

Method: The study was conducted in Tehran university of medical sciences from June 2015 to June 2016. women under the age of 40 with primary infertility without history of previous IVF/ICSI or hysteroscopic examination, were included.

Comparison of two staining techniques on the manual and automated canine sperm morphology analysis.

Detailed and direct analysis of semen, including sperm morphology, enables a diagnosis of male fertility. This study aimed to describe an economical and verified protocol for canine spermiograms and compare the effectiveness of Sperm Stain and Sperm Blue (Microptic, Spain) in veterinary practice. Sperm assessment was conducted manually, using a standard optical microscope, and via computerized semen analysis using the SCA CASA (Sperm Class Analyzer CASA System-MICROPTIC, Spain).

The Comparison of Fixed and Flexible Progestin Primed Ovarian Stimulation on Mature Oocyte Yield in Women at Risk of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency.

While gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists have been the standard of pituitary suppression during ovarian stimulation for ART, progestin primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) has emerged as an alternative. Progestins can be started simultaneously with gonadotrophins (fixed PPOS) or later in the cycle depending on follicle growth (flexible PPOS). However, the flexible and fixed PPOS regimens have not been directly compared as of yet.

Female parental consanguinity is associated with a reduced ovarian reserve.

Research Question: Is parental consanguinity associated with a reduced ovarian reserve in women from the Arabian Peninsula, comparing anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC)?

Design: Retrospective large-scale observational study including 2482 women from the Arabian Peninsula, aged 19-49 years, who had their serum AMH and AFC measured as part of their fertility assessment, from May 2015 to November 2019. Consanguinity was defined as women whose parents were first-degree or second-degree cousins. Serum AMH was measured for all participants.

Day 5 vs day 6 single euploid blastocyst frozen embryo transfers: which variables do have an impact on the clinical pregnancy rates?

Objective: To determine which variables affect most the clinical pregnancy rate with positive fetal heartbeat (CPR FHB+) when frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles are performed with day 5 (D5) or day 6 (D6) euploid blastocysts. Design and method A single center retrospective study was performed from March 2017 till February 2021 including all single FET cycles with euploid D5 or D6 blastocysts and transferred in natural cycles (NC) or hormone replacement therapy (HRT) cycles. Trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass (ICM) qualities were recorded before biopsy.

Reintroducing serum FSH measurement during ovarian stimulation for ART.

Research Question: What is the impact of systemic FSH concentrations during ovarian stimulation for IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection on systemic progesterone concentrations in the late follicular phase?

Design: Post-hoc analysis of a previously performed randomized controlled trial (RCT) performed between November 2017 and February 2020 in a tertiary IVF centre. The RCT included patients with infertility undergoing ovarian stimulation in a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol. The GnRH antagonist was administered at 08:00 h and recombinant FSH at 20:00 h.

Oral Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Antagonists in the Treatment of Uterine Myomas: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Efficacy Parameters and Adverse Effects.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to gather and synthesize evidence regarding the use of oral gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist for the treatment of bleeding associated with uterine myomas.

Data Sources: Web of Science, and MEDLINE databases were searched electronically on March 5, 2021, using combinations of the relevant Medical Subject Headings terms and keywords. The search was restricted to the English language and to human studies.

Ethnic and Sociocultural Differences in Ovarian Reserve: Age-Specific Anti-Müllerian Hormone Values and Antral Follicle Count for Women of the Arabian Peninsula.

Background: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC) age-specific reference values form the basis of infertility treatments, yet they were based upon studies performed primarily on Caucasian populations. However, they may vary across different age-matched ethnic populations. This study aimed to describe age-specific serum AMH and AFC for women native to the Arabian Peninsula.

The position of the euploid blastocyst in the uterine cavity influences implantation.

Research Question: Does the position of the euploid blastocyst in the uterine cavity upon transfer, measured as distance in millimetres (mm) from the fundus (DFF) to the air bubble, influence implantation potential?

Design: A total of 507 single/double euploid frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles at blastocyst stage were included retrospectively between March 2017 and November 2018 at a single centre. The patients were on average 33.3 years old.

Different CO settings (6.0% vs 7.0%) do have an impact on extracellular pH of culture medium (pHe) and euploidy rates rather than on blastocyst development: a sibling oocyte study.

Objective: To determine whether euploidy rates and blastocyst development differ in a continuous culture medium under different CO concentrations.

Design And Method: A single-center retrospective study was performed from July 2018 to October 2019 including 44 fresh cycles with at least four fresh mature oocytes (MII) without severe male factor infertility. Sibling MII were injected and cultured in Global®Total®LP under 6.

The possible association of clusterin fucosylation changes with male fertility disorders.

In the seminal plasma (n = 118) and serum (n = 90) clusterin (CLU) the fucosylation and the expression of selected fucosyltransferases (FUTs) were analyzed. Samples from infertile men were divided into groups based on the results of the standard semen analysis: normozoospermic (N), teratozoospermic (T), asthenoteratozoospermic (AT) and oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT). The CLU fucosylation was analyzed using lectin-ELISAs with biotinylated lectins specific to α1,3-, α1,2-linked antennary fucose, and α1,6-linked core fucose (LTA, UEA, and LCA, respectively).

Sperm Metabolomics through Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.

This report reviews current knowledge of sperm metabolomics analysis using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( H-NMR) with particular emphasis on human and farm animals. First, we present the benefits of NMR over other techniques to identify sperm metabolites and then describe the specific methodology required for NMR sperm analysis, stressing the importance of analyzing metabolites extracted from both the hydrophilic and lipophilic phases. This is followed by a description of advances produced to date in the use of NMR to diagnose infertility in humans and to identify metabolic differences among the sperm of mammalian herbivore, carnivore, and omnivore species.