Increasing coping and strengthening resilience in nurses providing mental health care: Empirical qualitative research.

Background: Research on coping and resilience is on the rise. However, there is a paucity of information addressing strengths, assets, competence or resilience that enable nurses to remain committed and cope in their profession despite the adversities they face in their working environment.

Objective: The purpose of this research was to explore and describe how to strengthen the resilience of nurses in a work environment with involuntary mental health care users.

Facile microwave synthesis of pine cone derived C-doped TiO for the photodegradation of tetracycline hydrochloride under visible-LED light.

Pine cone derived carbon was doped into TiO via a facile microwave procedure at different powers, different from other conventional synthesis methods. The materials were adequately characterized and applied in the photodegradation of 5 mg/L tetracycline hydrochloride (TA) under visible-LED light. The XRD results showed that all materials exist as both anatase and rutile phase.

Cu(II) Complexes of 4-[(1)--{2-[()-Benzylidene-amino]ethyl}ethanimidoyl]benzene-1,3-diol Schiff Base: Synthesis, Spectroscopic, In-Vitro Antioxidant, Antifungal and Antibacterial Studies.

The current study reports the synthesis of copper complexes of a tridentate Schiff base ligand. The compounds of the type [Cu(L)X]∙n(H₂O) (where L = tridentate ONN Schiff base ligand, X = Cl, Br, SCN, NO₃, CH₃COO), were characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, FT-IR, UV-vis, molar conductance, ¹H-NMR, XRD and thermal analyses. The spectra revealed that the Schiff base ligand acts as a tridentate ligand through two azomethine nitrogen atoms and a phenolic oxygen atom.

Statistical analysis of annual maximum daily rainfall for Nelspruit and its environs.

Nelspruit and its environs frequently experience extreme high annual maximum daily rainfall (AMDR) events resulting in flood hazards. These flood hazards have caused flood disasters that have resulted in loss of property and lives. The main objective of this study was to carry out statistical analysis of extreme high AMDR events that have caused flood hazards, which in turn have caused flood disasters in Nelspruit and its environs.

Ultrasonic degradation of aqueous phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP) in the presence of nano-Fe/HO.

In this study, nano iron (nano-Fe) was successfully synthesized by sodium borohydride reduction of ferric chloride solution to enhance the ultrasonic degradation of phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP). The nano-Fe was characterized by scanning electron microscopy - energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflection - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area determination. Experimental results demonstrated that a combined ultrasonic/nano-Fe/HO system was more effective for PSP removal in combination than they were individually and there was a significant difference between the combined and single processes.

Bioremediation: Data on effects .

This data article details effects on the bioremediation of soil that had been polluted by different concentrations, 5% w/w and 8% w/w, of raw (for simulating oil spills from well-heads) and treated (for simulating oil spills from flow lines/storage tanks) crude oil. UV/VIS spectrophotometry instrumentation was used for obtaining absorbance measurements from the Nigerian Escravos Light blend (sourced from Chevron® Nigeria) of crude oil polluting soil samples, which, thus, also simulates light and heavy onshore oil spillage scenarios, in a 30-day measurement design. Data on bioremediation effects of added to the crude oil polluted soil samples, and which were monitored at intervals via the absorbance measurement techniques, are presented in tables with ensuing analyses for describing and validating the data presented in graphs.

Adsorptive Removal of Hexavalent Chromium by Diphenylcarbazide-Grafted Nutshell Powder.

nutshell powder oxidized by hydrogen peroxide solutions (MHP) was functionalized by immobilizing 1,5'-diphenylcarbazide (DPC) on its surface. The effectiveness of grafting was confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared spectrum due to the presence of NH and C=C stretches at 3361, 1591, and 1486 cm, respectively, on the grafted material which were absent in the nongrafted material. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the presence of DPC on the surface of shells lowered the thermal stability from 300°C to about 180°C owing to the volatile nature of DPC.

Fixed-bed operation for manganese removal from water using chitosan/bentonite/MnO composite beads.

In the present study, a new composite adsorbent, chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads, cross-linked with tetraethyl-ortho-silicate (TEOS) was applied in a fixed-bed column for the removal of Mn (II) from water. The adsorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, and moreover the point of zero charge (pH) was determined. The extend of Mn (II) breakthrough behaviour was investigated by varying bed mass, flow rate and influent concentration, and by using real environmental water samples.

Degree of time dependency of kinetic coefficient as a function of adsorbate concentration; new insights from adsorption of tetracycline onto monodispersed starch-stabilized magnetic nanocomposite.

The realization that the observed kinetic coefficient (k) varies with time in most real-time adsorption system, as against the constant value conceived in the most widely-applied adsorption kinetic models, have attracted much attention in recent time. Understanding the factors that control the extent/degree of time dependency (otherwise known as fractal-like kinetics), is therefore central in taking manipulative advantage of this phenomenon in critical adsorption applications. This study therefore deployed non-fractal-like and fractal-like kinetic approach to study the adsorption of tetracycline on monodispersed starch-stabilized magnetite nanocomposite (MSM).

Analysis of the phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities of crude extracts from Tulbaghia species.

Objective: To assess the phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities of crude extracts from selected Tulbaghia species.

Methods: Standard methods were used for preliminary phytochemical analysis. The total phenolic acid contents of the plant extracts were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and the total flavonoid contents were determined using the aluminum chloride colorimetric method.

Disinfection of water with new chitosan-modified hybrid clay composite adsorbent.

Hybrid clay composites were prepared from Kaolinite clay and seeds via modification with chitosan, Alum, NaOH, and ZnCl in different ratios, using solvothermal and surface modification techniques. Several composite adsorbents were prepared, and the most efficient of them for the removal of gram negative enteric bacteria was the hybrid clay composite that was surface-modified with chitosan, Ch-nHYCA (Chitosan: nHYCA = 1:5). This composite adsorbent had a maximum adsorption removal value of 4.

Exploring the Impact of Climate Variability on Malaria Transmission Using a Dynamic Mosquito-Human Malaria Model.

Introduction: The reasons for malaria resurgence mostly in Africa are yet to be well understood. Although the causes are often linked to regional climate change, it is important to understand the impact of climate variability on the dynamics of the disease. However, this is almost impossible without adequate long-term malaria data over the study areas.

Nano-TiO, ultrasound and sequential nano-TiO/ultrasonic degradation of N-acetyl-para-aminophenol from aqueous solution.

The application of nano-TiO as adsorbent combined with ultrasound for the degradation of N-acetyl-para-aminophenol (AAP) from aqueous solution was investigated. The nano-TiO was characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Experimental results revealed that the adsorption of AAP by nano-TiO fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, the equilibrium could be explained by the Freundlich isotherm and the treatment process is exothermic.

Invasive morphological transitions and immunoadaptations mediating antifungal resistance.

Background And Aims: Thom is a pathogen of public health and agricultural importance for its seamless abilities to expand its ecological niche. The aim of this study was holistically to investigate morphological and immunoadaptations and their implication in antifungal resistance and proliferation during infection.

Materials And Methods: In-depth unstructured mining of relevant peer-reviewed literature was performed for morphological, immune, resistance, and genetic diversity based on the sequenced calmodulin-like gene.

Metagenomic analysis of the bacterial communities and their functional profiles in water and sediments of the Apies River, South Africa, as a function of land use.

Water quality is an important public health issue given that the presence of pathogenic organisms in such waters can adversely affect human and animal health. Despite the numerous studies conducted to assess the quality of environmental waters in many countries, limited efforts have been put on investigating the microbial quality of the sediments in developing countries and how this relates to different land uses. The present study evaluated the bacterial diversity in water and sediments in a highly used South African river to find out how the different land uses influenced the bacterial diversity, and to verify the human diseases functional classes of the bacterial populations.

Spatiotemporal distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons close to a typical medical waste incinerator.

Environmental contaminations by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) especially from incinerators occur subtly, and PAH contribution from this source is underestimated. However, as environmental PAH concentrations build up, this may be a serious concern around the incinerator vicinity due to the potential consequences of PAHs on ecosystems and human health. Thus, the contribution of selected (12) PAHs from the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital medical waste incinerator (or source, HWI_0) was determined by sampling stack gas and ambient air around incinerator vicinity from June 2014 to May 2015.

Photocatalytic degradation of P-Cresol using TiO/ZnO hybrid surface capped with polyaniline.

This study evaluated the photocatalytic activity of polyaniline (PANI)-capped titanium dioxide and zinc oxide (TiO/ZnO) hybrid, for the degradation of P-Cresol. The hybrid was synthesized by precipitating ZnO on the surface of commercial TiO. An "in situ" chemical oxidative polymerization method was used to prepare the PANI capped hybrid (TiO/ZnO/PANI).

A theoretical model for Zika virus transmission.

In this paper, we present and analyze an SEIR Zika epidemic model. Firstly, we investigate the model with constant controls. The steady states of the model is found to be locally and globally asymptotically stable.

Phylogenetic Analysis and Antimicrobial Profiles of Cultured Emerging Opportunistic Pathogens (Phyla Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria) Identified in Hot Springs.

Hot spring water may harbour emerging waterborne opportunistic pathogens that can cause infections in humans. We have investigated the diversity and antimicrobial resistance of culturable emerging and opportunistic bacterial pathogens, in water and sediment of hot springs located in Limpopo, South Africa. Aerobic bacteria were cultured and identified using 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene sequencing.

Solvent-solvent fractionations of Combretum erythrophyllum (Burch.) leave extract: Studies of their antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and cytotoxicity potentials.

Objective: To evaluate the biological activities of Combretum erythrophyllum (C. erythrophyllum) leaf extracts against infectious diseases' pathogenesis and their cytotoxicity potentials.

Methods: Powdered leaf material (300 g) of C.

Mathematical modelling of Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, Cr and Cd ions adsorption from a synthetic acid mine drainage onto chitosan derivative in a packed bed column.

Studies on the adsorption of toxic metal ions in batch mode using modified chitosan beads have been reported by several authors in literature; for large-scale operations, packed bed column studies are performed to generate data that are directly applicable in real wastewater treatment. In this work, the application potential of chitosan derivative for the uptake of Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, Cr, and Cd ions from aqueous solution in a packed bed adsorption column was investigated. On this note, the adsorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM); the effect of breakthrough parameters such as influent concentration, bed height, and feed flow rate was determined.

Global invasive Cochliobolus species: cohort of destroyers with implications in food losses and insecurity in the twenty-first century.

Matching the global food demand by 2050 and to ensure the stability of food security in over than 99 countries, it is necessary to scale up the production of food such as sorghum, wheat, rice, maize and sugarcane which are however natural hosts of Cochliobolus species. Cochliobolus species major epidemics such as the Great Bengal famine, Southern corn leaf blight, and Northern leaf spot blight were associated with substantial economic losses in the past decades. Thus, there is an urgent need to establish a specific coordinated global surveillance program for the migration of invasive Cochliobolus species, planning contextual control programs engaging all agricultural stakeholders and information sharing in real time for prevention of disastrous Cochliobolus disease outbreak effects.

Ultraviolet and solar photocatalytic ozonation of municipal wastewater: Catalyst reuse, energy requirements and toxicity assessment.

The present study evaluated the treatment of municipal wastewater containing phenol using solar and ultraviolet (UV) light photocatalytic ozonation processes to explore comparative performance. Important aspects such as catalyst reuse, mineralization of pollutants, energy requirements, and toxicity of treated wastewater which are crucial for practical implementation of the processes were explored. The activity of the photocatalysts did not change significantly even after three consecutive uses despite approximately 2% of the initial quantity of catalyst being lost in each run.

Periodic characterization of alkyl-naphthalenes in stack gas and ambient air around a medical waste incinerator.

Due to the subtle occurrence of environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) pollution from incinerators, it is seldom considered a significant source of PAH pollution. However, considering the recent build-up of toxics in urban air, this may be a serious concern around the incinerator vicinity due to the potential consequences of PAHs on human health. Hence, this study determined 11 alkyl-naphthalene contributions from a hospital waste incinerator (HWI_0) into ambient air receptor points (HWI_1 to HWI_5) for a 1-year period: June 2014-May 2015.