The impacts of climate change, early agriculture and internal fluvial dynamics on paleo-flooding episodes in Central China.

Floods clustered in episodes are the most prevalent natural disaster worldwide, causing substantial economic and human losses. Although these events are often linked to time-periods of extreme rainstorms and unique atmospheric circulation patterns, the river basin characteristics affected by anthropogenic land use changes could exert a strong influence. However, the way and extent of how land use changes across different time scales affect flooding periods are still unclear, especially considering the historical land use changes.

Effect of statins on mitochondrial function and contractile force in human skeletal and cardiac muscle.

Objectives And Background: The success of statin therapy in reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is contrasted by the skeletal muscle complaints, which often leads to nonadherence. Previous studies have shown that inhibition of mitochondrial function plays a key role in statin intolerance. Recently, it was found that statins may also influence energy metabolism in cardiomyocytes.

Pronouns reactivate conceptual representations in human hippocampal neurons.

During discourse comprehension, every new word adds to an evolving representation of meaning that accumulates over consecutive sentences and constrains the next words. To minimize repetition and utterance length, languages use pronouns, like the word "she," to refer to nouns and phrases that were previously introduced. It has been suggested that language comprehension requires that pronouns activate the same neuronal representations as the nouns themselves.

Taste alterations after hematopoietic cell transplantation: a scoping review.

Purpose: This review aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of dysgeusia after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT).

Methods: A literature search (in PubMed, Embase.com and Web of Science) for clinical studies evaluating taste before and after HCT was performed up to June 22, 2023, in collaboration with a medical information specialist.

The prevalence and predictors of reconstructive surgery in pediatric burn care.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the prevalence and predictors of reconstructive surgery among pediatric burn patients in the Netherlands.

Methods: Pediatric burn patients were identified through the Dutch Burn Repository R3. Eligibility criteria included a burn requiring hospital admission or surgical treatment at one of the Dutch burn centers in 2009-2019.

Feasibility, safety and preliminary efficacy of preoperative stereotactic radiotherapy on the future pancreatic neck transection margin to reduce the risk of pancreatic fistula after high-risk pancreatoduodenectomy (FIBROPANC): protocol for a multicentre, single-arm trial.

Introduction: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) occurs in 25% of patients undergoing a high-risk pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) and is a driving cause of major morbidity, mortality, prolonged hospital stay and increased costs after PD. There is a need for perioperative methods to decrease these risks. In recent studies, preoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) reduced the rate of POPF seemingly due to radiation-induced pancreatic fibrosis.

Clinically validated HPV assays offer comparable long-term safety in primary cervical cancer screening: A 9-year follow-up of a population-based screening cohort.

Molecular testing for human papillomaviruses (HPV) is gradually replacing cytology in cervical cancer screening. In this longitudinal population-based cohort study, 4140 women 20 to 64 years old attending organized screening were tested at baseline by five different screening methods and followed for 9 years. To assess long-term safety, the cumulative risks of CIN2+/CIN3+ were estimated after a negative baseline result obtained by conventional cytology and four clinically validated HPV assays: Hybrid Capture 2 (hc2), RealTime High Risk HPV assay (RealTime), cobas 4800 HPV Test (cobas_4800), and Alinity m HR HPV (Alinity).

Preferences and perceived barriers for internet-based treatment among adolescents with anxiety or depressive disorders: A qualitative study.

Background: Over the past two decades, the development of internet-based treatments for adolescents with anxiety and depressive disorders has advanced rapidly. To date, adolescents' preferences and perceived barriers for internet-based treatment remain largely unknown, especially in clinical samples. Therefore, this study explored the preferences and perceived barriers of adolescents with anxiety or depression regarding internet-based treatment.

Prostate Cancer-related Events in Patients with Synchronous Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer Treated with Androgen Deprivation Therapy with and Without Concurrent Radiation Therapy to the Prostate; Data from the HORRAD Trial.

Background And Objective: A survival benefit was demonstrated for patients with low-volume synchronous metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPCa) when local radiotherapy to the prostate was added to androgen deprivation therapy. This study aims to determine the incidence of prostate cancer-related events and treatments in those who received and those who did not receive external beam radiotherapy for mHSPCa.

Methods: The HORRAD trial is a multicentre randomised controlled trial recruiting originally 432 patients with mHSPCa diagnosed between 2004 and 2014.

The potential of federated learning for public health purposes: a qualitative analysis of GDPR compliance, Europe, 2021.

BackgroundThe wide application of machine learning (ML) holds great potential to improve public health by supporting data analysis informing policy and practice. Its application, however, is often hampered by data fragmentation across organisations and strict regulation by the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Federated learning (FL), as a decentralised approach to ML, has received considerable interest as a means to overcome the fragmentation of data, but it is yet unclear to which extent this approach complies with the GDPR.

An Injury Prevention Programme in Physical Education Teacher Education Students: Process Evaluation Using the RE-AIM Sports Setting Matrix.

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of an injury prevention programme for Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) students, consisting of an injury awareness module and implementing prevention strategies during intracurricular lessons. Participants from four PETE programmes formed the intervention group ( = 4 programme directors,  = 38 sports lecturers,  = 859 students), while those from four other programmes were the controls ( = 4 programme directors,  = 34 sports lecturers,  = 721 students). Programme directors and sports lecturers received a three-hour workshop on sports injury prevention.

Search for Time-Dependent CP Violation in D^{0}→π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} Decays.

A measurement of time-dependent CP violation in D^{0}→π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} decays using a pp collision data sample collected by the LHCb experiment in 2012 and from 2015 to 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 7.7  fb^{-1}, is presented. The initial flavor of each D^{0} candidate is determined from the charge of the pion produced in the D^{*}(2010)^{+}→D^{0}π^{+} decay.

Impact of COVID-19 mitigation measures on perinatal outcomes in the Netherlands.

Objective: Investigate the acute impact of COVID-19 mitigation measures implemented in March 2020 on a comprehensive range of perinatal outcomes.

Study Design: National registry-based quasi-experimental study.

Methods: We obtained data from the Dutch Perinatal Registry (2010-2020) which was linked to multiple population registries containing sociodemographic variables.

The direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia antagonistically influence cortical activity and perceptual decisions.

The striatum, the main input nucleus of the basal ganglia, receives topographically organized input from the cortex and gives rise to the direct and indirect output pathways, which have antagonistic effects on basal ganglia output directed to the cortex. We optogenetically stimulated the direct and indirect pathways in a visual and a working memory task in mice that responded by licking. Unilateral direct pathway stimulation increased the probability of lick responses toward the contralateral, non-stimulated side and increased cortical activity globally.

Clinical outcomes of breast reconstruction using omental flaps: A systematic review.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, and breast reconstruction improves the patient's quality of life. Autologous breast reconstruction provides benefits of natural appearance, feel, and long-term results without implant-associated problems. However, thin patients are not always suitable for standard autologous reconstructions.

HealthyTrailsBR - The prevalence of running-related injuries and cramps, and the description of personal and running characteristics in Brazilian trail runners: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Physical activity in natural environments, such as trail running, is a way to nurture physical and mental health. However, running has an inherent risk of musculoskeletal injuries.

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of running-related injuries (RRI) and cramps, and to describe the personal and training characteristics of Brazilian trail runners.

Prediction of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy from primary tumour characteristics.

Objectives: To construct and externally calibrate a predictive model for early biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP) incorporating clinical and modern imaging characteristics of the primary tumour.

Patients And Methods: Patients who underwent RP following multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, prostate biopsy and prostate-specific membrane antigen-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA-PET/CT), from two centres in Australia and the Netherlands. The primary outcome was biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS), where BCR was defined as a rising PSA level of ≥0.

Patient perspectives on adverse event investigations in health care.

Background: Over the last decade attention has grown to give patients and next of kin (P/N) more substantial roles in adverse event investigations. Adverse event investigations occur after adverse events that resulted in death or severe injury. Few studies have focused on patient perspectives on their involvement in such investigations.

Prevalence and future estimates of frailty and pre-frailty in a population-based sample of people 70 years and older in Norway: the HUNT study.

Background: Frailty in older people is a rising global health concern; therefore, monitoring prevalence estimates and presenting projections of future frailty are important for healthcare planning.

Aim: To present current prevalence estimates of frailty and pre-frailty and future projections according to both dominant frailty models in a large population-based observational study including adults ≥ 70 years in Norway.

Methods: In this population-based observational study, we included 9956 participants from the HUNT4 70 + study, conducting assessments at field stations, homes, and nursing homes.