Single Atom Engineered Antibiotics Overcome Bacterial Resistance.

The outbreak of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, or "superbugs", poses a global public health hazard due to their resilience against the most effective last-line antibiotics. Identifying potent antibacterial agents capable of evading bacterial resistance mechanisms represents the ultimate defense strategy. This study shows that -the otherwise essential micronutrient- manganese turns into a broad-spectrum potent antibiotic when coordinated with a carboxylated nitrogen-doped graphene.

Innovative player evaluation: Dual-possibility Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft sets for accurate international football rankings.

This study introduces an advanced approach for ranking international football players, addressing the inherent uncertainties in performance evaluations. By integrating dual possibility theory and Pythagorean fuzzy sets, the model accommodates varying degrees of ambiguity and imprecision in player attributes. Additionally, the use of hypersoft set theory enriches the analysis by capturing the multifaceted nature of player evaluations.

A plethora of novel solitary wave solutions related to van der Waals equation: a comparative study.

In this article, we explore exact solitary wave solutions to the van der Waals equation which is crucial for numerous applications involving a variety of physical occurrences. This system is used to define the behavior of real gases taking into consideration finite size of molecules and also has some applications in industry for granular materials. The model is studied under the effect of fractional derivatives by employing two different definitions: , and M-truncated.

Verification of Numerical Models of High Thin-Walled Cold-Formed Steel Purlins.

High thin-walled cold-formed steel purlins of the Z cross section are important elements of large-span steel structures in the construction industry. The present numerical study uses the finite element method to analyse the 300 mm and 350 mm high Z cross sections in-depth. The prepared numerical models are verified and validated at several levels with experiments that have been previously published.

Comparing Deep Learning Performance for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia Cell Segmentation in Brightfield Microscopy Images.

Objectives: This article focuses on the detection of cells in low-contrast brightfield microscopy images; in our case, it is chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells. The automatic detection of cells from brightfield time-lapse microscopic images brings new opportunities in cell morphology and migration studies; to achieve the desired results, it is advisable to use state-of-the-art image segmentation methods that not only detect the cell but also detect its boundaries with the highest possible accuracy, thus defining its shape and dimensions.

Methods: We compared eight state-of-the-art neural network architectures with different backbone encoders for image data segmentation, namely U-net, U-net++, the Pyramid Attention Network, the Multi-Attention Network, LinkNet, the Feature Pyramid Network, DeepLabV3, and DeepLabV3+.

Multi-objective optimization of an EDM process for Monel K-500 alloy using response surface methodology-multi-objective dragonfly algorithm.

Monel K-500 is a high-performance superalloy composed of nickel and copper, renowned for its exceptional strength, hardness, and resistance to corrosion. To machine this material more precisely and accurately, Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is one of the best choices. In EDM, material removal rate (MRR) and electrode wear rate (EWR) are crucial performance parameters that are often conflicting in nature.

Stiffness and stability of bamboo stem- A optimal design perspective.

During the evolution process, a bamboo stem achieves a significant height (up to 20 m) to fulfil its phototropic requirements. While on land, the stem is mostly subjected to bending load which makes it liable to fail by uprooting. However, this failure is prohibited by smart structure of bamboo stem which includes graded arrangement of fibre bundles in the cross-section and a tapered cantilever form of the stem.

Improving privacy-preserving multi-faceted long short-term memory for accurate evaluation of encrypted time-series MRI images in heart disease.

In therapeutic diagnostics, early diagnosis and monitoring of heart disease is dependent on fast time-series MRI data processing. Robust encryption techniques are necessary to guarantee patient confidentiality. While deep learning (DL) algorithm have improved medical imaging, privacy and performance are still hard to balance.

Fixed point results in intuitionistic fuzzy pentagonal controlled metric spaces with applications to dynamic market equilibrium and satellite web coupling.

This manuscript contains several new spaces as the generalizations of fuzzy triple controlled metric space, fuzzy controlled hexagonal metric space, fuzzy pentagonal controlled metric space and intuitionistic fuzzy double controlled metric space. We prove the Banach fixed point theorem in the context of intuitionistic fuzzy pentagonal controlled metric space, which generalizes the previous ones in the existing literature. Further, we provide several non-trivial examples to support the main results.

Analyzing chaos and superposition of lump waves with other waves in the time-fractional coupled nonlinear schördinger equation.

This article aims to study the time fractional coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which explains the interaction between modes in nonlinear optics and Bose-Einstein condensation. The proposed generalized projective Riccati equation method and modified auxiliary equation method extract a more efficient and broad range of soliton solutions. These include novel solutions like a combined dark-lump wave soliton, multiple dark-lump wave soliton, two dark-kink solitons, flat kink-lump wave, multiple U-shaped with lump wave, combined bright-dark with high amplitude lump wave, bright-dark with lump wave and kink dark-periodic solitons are derived.

Plastic Pollution in Paradise: Analyzing Plastic Litter on Malta's Beaches and Assessing the Release of Potentially Toxic Elements.

This study investigates plastic litter on two beaches in Malta, Golden Bay and Rivera Beach, with a focus on plastic abundance, characteristics, sources, and the influence of human activity on pollution levels. Conducted in March 2023 during the low-tourist season, 13 sediment samples were collected from a depth of 5 cm using a systematic square sampling method. Plastic litter was quantified and sorted by size, shape, color, and polymer type, and concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) were measured (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Fe via ICP-OES).

Dynamics of quasi-periodic, bifurcation, sensitivity and three-wave solutions for (n + 1)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation.

This study endeavors to examine the dynamics of the generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (gKP) equation in (n + 1) dimensions. Based on the comprehensive three-wave methodology and the Hirota's bilinear technique, the gKP equation is meticulously examined. By means of symbolic computation, a number of three-wave solutions are derived.

Framework for charged compact objects admitting conformal motion in higher dimension.

We propose a new framework for spherical charged compact objects admitting conformal motion in five-dimensional spacetime. The outer spacetime is considered as Reissner-Nordström to obtain matching conditions. The behavior of model characteristics like stress, pressure, and surface tension for the specific density profile is investigated by using Einstein's Maxwell field equations in a five-dimensional framework.

On-the-Fly Monitoring of the Capture and Removal of Nanoplastics with Nanorobots.

Nanoplastics are considered an emerging organic persistent pollutant with possible severe long-term implications for the environment and human health; therefore, their remediation is of paramount importance. However, detecting and determining the concentration of nanoparticles in water is challenging and time-consuming due to their small size. In this work, we present a universal yet simple method for the detection and quantification of nanoplastics to monitor their removal from water using magnetic nanorobots.

Phosphoric acid salts of amino acids as a source of oligopeptides on the early Earth.

Because of their unique proton-conductivity, chains of phosphoric acid molecules are excellent proton-transfer catalysts. Here we demonstrate that this property could have been exploited for the prebiotic synthesis of the first oligopeptide sequences on our planet. Our results suggest that drying highly diluted solutions containing amino acids (like glycine, histidine and arginine) and phosphates in comparable concentrations at elevated temperatures (ca.

Electrochemical stability of biodegradable Zn-Cu alloys through machine-learning accelerated high-throughput discovery.

Zn-Cu alloys have attracted great attention as biodegradable alloys owing to their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility, with corrosion characteristics being crucial for their suitability for biomedical applications. However, the unresolved identification of intermetallic compounds in Zn-Cu alloys affecting corrosion and the complexity of the application environment hamper the understanding of their electrochemical behavior. Utilizing high-throughput first-principles calculations and machine-learning accelerated evolutionary algorithms for screening the most stable compounds in Zn-Cu systems, a dataset encompassing the formation energy of 2033 compounds is generated.

PV integrated multi-leg powered constant quasi-dynamic charging system for low-speed vehicles.

The global adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is gaining momentum as countries strive to achieve sustainable development goals. Establishing charging infrastructure is of paramount importance to promote increased EV usage. The cost and weight of the batteries are factors that reduce the sales volume and popularity of EVs.

Experimental investigation on solidification cracking & intergranular corrosion of AISI 321 & AISI 316 L dissimilar weld on pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding (PCGTAW).

Dissimilar metal combinations are frequently employed in the power generation and nuclear industries. Where stainless steel piping systems are connected to pressure vessels made of low-alloy steel, the subsystems of liquid rocket engines also have different, dissimilar material combinations. Dissimilar welding plays a vital role in ensuring the integrity, performance, and reliability of components and structures operating in cryogenic environments, in this study, plates of AISI 316L and AISI 321, each 5 mm thick, were successfully joined using the pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding (PCGTAW) technique with optimized process parameters.

Chaotic self-adaptive sine cosine multi-objective optimization algorithm to solve microgrid optimal energy scheduling problems.

Researchers are increasingly focusing on renewable energy due to its high reliability, energy independence, efficiency, and environmental benefits. This paper introduces a novel multi-objective framework for the short-term scheduling of microgrids (MGs), which addresses the conflicting objectives of minimizing operating expenses and reducing pollution emissions. The core contribution is the development of the Chaotic Self-Adaptive Sine Cosine Algorithm (CSASCA).

Optimized target delineation procedure for the radiosurgery treatment of ventricular tachycardia: observer-independent accuracy.

Background: Part of the current stereotactic arrythmia radioablation (STAR) workflow is transfer of findings from the electroanatomic mapping (EAM) to computed tomography (CT). Here, we analyzed inter- and intraobserver variation in a modified EAM-CT registration using automatic registration algorithms designed to yield higher robustness.

Materials And Methods: This work is based on data of 10 patients who had previously undergone STAR.

Development of tungsten-modified iron oxides to decompose an over-the-counter painkiller, Acetaminophen by activating peroxymonosulfate.

Acetaminophen (APAP) is a well-known type of over-the-counter painkillers and is frequently found in surface waterbodies, causing hepatotoxicity and skin irritation. Due to its persistence and chronic effects on the environment, innovative solutions must be provided to decompose APAP, effectively. Innovative catalysts of tungsten-modified iron oxides (TF) were successfully developed via a combustion method and thoroughly characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, a porosimetry analysis, Mössbauer spectroscopy, VSM magnetometry, and EPR.