Management of complex femoral nonunion with monorail external fixator: A prospective study.

Aim: To evaluate 30 patients who underwent distraction osteogenesis with monorail external fixator for complex femoral nonunion.

Method: Complex femoral nonunion includes infective non-union, gap nonunion, and limb-length discrepancy secondary to traumatic bone loss, which needs specialized treatment to ensure the functional integrity of femoral bone. 30 patients, including 28 male and 2 female (aged 22-62 years) patients, underwent surgical debridement followed by bone transport with monorail fixator.

Efficacy of Modified Constraint Induced Movement Therapy in the Treatment of Hemiparetic Upper Limb in Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Paretic upper limb in stroke patients has a significant impact on the quality of life. Modified Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (mCIMT) is one of the treatment options used for the improvement of the function of the paretic limb.

Aim: To investigate the efficacy of four week duration mCIMT in the management of upper extremity weakness in hemiparetic patients due to stroke.

Randomized open-label trial of baclofen for relapse prevention in alcohol dependence.

Background: Alcohol dependence is a progressive chronic disorder characterized by narrowing of the drinking repertoire, salience of drinking, tolerance and withdrawal phenomenon, compulsion to drink, and frequent relapses. Baclofen has been shown to promote abstinence, to reduce craving, and to reduce anxiety in alcohol-dependent individuals, and it promises to be a useful agent, although clinical data are limited at present.

Objective: The current study aimed to test the utility of baclofen, a GABA agonist, in improving the relapse rates in alcohol-dependent subjects.

Varicella myopericarditis mimicking acute myocardial infarction with ARDS - A rare association in an immunocompetent young adult.

Primary varicella infection in an immunocompetent young adult is very rare, but it has a high mortality rate due to serious complications. We report a rare association of varicella pneumonia presenting in acute respiratory distress with mild chest pain, however with electrocardiographic and biochemical markers suggestive of acute ST elevation myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography was done to exclude infarction, serum antibody titers confirmed varicella, acyclovir was started, and ARDS was successfully treated with steroid pulse therapy and mechanical ventilator support.

Gene deleted live attenuated Leishmania vaccine candidates against visceral leishmaniasis elicit pro-inflammatory cytokines response in human PBMCs.

Currently no effective vaccine is available for human visceral leishmaniasis(VL) caused by Leishmania donovani. Previously, we showed that centrin1 and p27gene deleted live attenuated Leishmania parasites (LdCen1(-/-) and Ldp27(-/-)) are safe, immunogenic and protective in animal models. Here, to assess the correlates of protection, we evaluated immune responses induced by LdCen1(-/-) and Ldp27(-/-) in human blood samples obtained from healthy, healed VL (HVL), post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis(PKDL) and VL subjects.

Clinical and histopathological features of paucibacillary leprosy before and after multidrug therapy: a prospective study.

Background: Leprosy often heals with residual skin lesions after completion of treatment. WHO recommends fixed duration multidrug therapy (MDT) irrespective of whether lesions clear or persist after treatment. Patients with residual lesions are often unsatisfied and may undergo repeat biopsy and re-treatment.

Microfilarial involvement of the neck region: A case report and review of literature.

Introduction: Filariasis is caused by parasitic infections, most commonly Brugia malayi and Wuchereria bancrofti. India is one of the endemic countries for such disease. The usually involved organs are lower limbs and external genitalia.

Multiple cutaneous metastases in a patient of carcinoma tonsil - Report of a rare case.

Carcinoma tonsil with visceral metastasis is a rare entity, and cutaneous metastasis is seen even more infrequently. We present a case of a 55-year-old male with carcinoma tonsil having received concurrent chemo radiotherapy, presenting with multiple cutaneous metastases to the scalp and thigh. To the best of our knowledge, till date only two similar cases of carcinoma tonsil with cutaneous metastasis have been reported in the English literature.

Hepatic Venous Waveform, Splenoportal and Damping Index in Liver Cirrhosis: Correlation with Child Pugh's Score and Oesophageal Varices.

Introduction: Clinical assessment of chronic liver disease is done by Modified Child Pugh's and Model for end-stage liver disease scoring system. Measurement of hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and Upper GI Endoscopy are considered the gold standards for measurement of portal hypertension in cirrhotics. There is a need for non-invasive evaluation of portal hypertension.

Expression of prostaglandin receptors in Chlamydia trachomatis-infected recurrent spontaneous aborters.

A study was undertaken to quantify the expression of prostaglandin (PG) receptors and find the effect of gestational age on expression of PG receptor genes in Chlamydia trachomatis-infected recurrent spontaneous aborters (RSA). Endometrial curettage tissue (ECT) was collected from 130 RSA (Group I) and 100 age-matched controls (Group II) at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi (India). PCR was performed for diagnosis of C.

Clinico-epidemiological analysis of Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) cases in India over last two decades: a hospital based retrospective study.

Background: Patients with Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) are considered a reservoir of Leishmania donovani. It is imperative to identify and treat them early for control of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a current priority in the Indian subcontinent. We explored trends in clinico-epidemiological features of PKDL cases over last two decades, for improving management of the disease.

Assessment of Vitamin D status In Patients of Chronic Low Back Pain of Unknown Etiology.

Low back pain is very disabling and dispiriting because of the physical impediment it causes and its psychological effects. Innumerable factors have been implicated in its etiology. In spite of improvements in diagnostic modalities, a considerable number of such cases fall in the ambiguous zone of unknown etiology or 'idiopathic.

Does aberrant expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin-E2 receptor genes lead to abortion in Chlamydia trachomatis-infected women.

Objective: The aim of the study was to characterize the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) genes in spontaneously aborted tissues from women infected with Chlamydia trachomatis.

Methods: A total of 135 spontaneous aborters (Group I) and 45 induced aborters (controls; Group II) attending Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department at Safdarjung hospital (New Delhi, India), were enrolled. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was performed to detect C.

Pre-decannulation Peristomal Findings in Tracheostomized Cases and Their Effect on the Success of Decannulation.

Decannulating a patient on a tracheostomy is a procedure that has to be dealt with vigilantly. This study evaluated both external and telescopic/bronchoscopic findings at the peristomal level of subjects being considered for decannulation. The patients did not undergo any intervention after above observations and before attempting decannulation.

Comparative study to evaluate the intersystem association and reliability between standard pelvic organ prolapse quantification system and simplified pelvic organ prolapse scoring system.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between the standard pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POPQ) classification system and the simplified pelvic organ prolapse (S-POP) classification system.

Method: This is an observational study, in which 100 subjects, whose average age was 60 ± 10 years, with pelvic floor disorder symptoms underwent two systems of examinations-POPQ classification system and S-POP classification system at Safdarjung hospital-done by four gynecologists (two specialists and two resident doctors) using a prospective randomized study, blinded to each other's findings. Data were compared using appropriate statistics.

Trifurcation of superficial brachial artery: a rare case with its clinico-embryological implications.

Literatures on vasculature of upper limbs are crammed with reports of distinctly deviant version of normally prevalent vessels having modified origins, altered branching and odd courses. A unique anatomical variation in vascular pattern was observed during routine dissection of right upper limb in gross anatomy laboratory, AIIMS, New Delhi, India. The brachial artery was placed superficial to median nerve in the arm and therefore it was called superficial brachial artery.

Unilateral atypical disposition of femoral vessels: clinico- embryological annotations.

The boundaries and contents of femoral triangle constitute an important lesson in gross anatomy teaching to undergraduate medical students. Apart from this, the normal disposition of the femoral vessels in the femoral triangle is vital for planning certain operating maneuvers in this region. Femoral vessels are very frequently utilized, during various surgical and clinical procedures.

Proximal Femoral Stress Reaction in A Military Recruit - A Treatment Prospect.

Introduction: Stress fractures occur in individuals in whom repetitive strenuous muscle and tendon force act on bone; that have not adapted to such forces. Under a constant load, osteoclast resorption and osteoblastic reconstruction of bone are in equilibrium, resulting in normal remodeling. If loading increases, additional bone resorption occurs.

Atypical presentation of posterior reversible encephalopathy: in a child with bilateral grade IV vesicoureteric reflux.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy, better known as potential reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), is a clinicoradiological entity mostly described in adult populations manifesting predominantly as bilateral symmetrical diffuse white matter vasogenic oedema in parieto-occipital regions. Rarely it may also present as patchy reversible areas of involvement in the basal ganglia, brainstem and deep white matter. It is reported scarcely in childhood populations.