Lithium Intoxication Accompanied by Hyponatremia.

Lithium is frequently used in the management of bipolar affective disorders. It has a narrow therapeutic index and can cause acute or chronic intoxication. Toxic symptoms may be present even when concentrations are within the recommended therapeutic range.

Assessment of human embryo development using morphological criteria in an era of time-lapse, algorithms and 'OMICS': is looking good still important?

With the worldwide move towards single embryo transfer there has been a renewed focus on the requirement for reliable means of assessing embryo viability. In an era of 'OMICS' technologies, and algorithms created through the use of time-lapse microscopy, the actual appearance of the human embryo as it progresses through each successive developmental stage to the blastocyst appears to have been somewhat neglected in recent years. Here we review the key features of the human preimplantation embryo and consider the relationship between morphological characteristics and developmental potential.

Isolated omental metastasis of renal cell carcinoma after extraperitoneal open partial nephrectomy: A case report.

Introduction: Metachronous metastatic spread of clinically localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) affects almost 1/3 of the patients. They occur most frequently in lung, liver, bone and brain. Isolated omental metastasis of RCC has not been reported so far.

Erratum to: Comparison of the trifecta outcomes of robotic and open nephron-sparing surgeries performed in the robotic era of a single institution.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1274-2.].

Determining the origin of synchronous multifocal bladder cancer by exome sequencing.

Background: Synchronous multifocal tumours are commonly observed in urothelial carcinomas of the bladder. The origin of these physically independent tumours has been proposed to occur by either intraluminal migration (clonal) or spontaneous transformation of multiple cells by carcinogens (field effect). It is unclear which model is correct, with several studies supporting both hypotheses.

Comparison of the trifecta outcomes of robotic and open nephron-sparing surgeries performed in the robotic era of a single institution.

Purpose: In this study we aimed to report a comparative analysis between open and robotic nephron sparing surgeries (NSS) from a single institutional database.

Methods: Patients who have undergone NSS during the robotic era of our institution were included in this study. Open (n = 74) and robotic (n = 59) groups were compared regarding trifecta outcome.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen-based imaging in prostate cancer: impact on clinical decision making process.

Background: There is an ongoing need for an accurate imaging modality which can be used for staging purposes, metastatic evaluation, predicting biologic aggresiveness and investigating recurrent disease in prostate cancer. Prostate specific membrane antigen, given its favorable molecular characteristics, holds a promise as an ideal target for prostate cancer-specific nuclear imaging. In this study, we evaluated our initial results of PSMA based PET/CT imaging in prostate cancer.

Final Gleason score prediction using discriminant analysis and support vector machine based on preoperative multiparametric MR imaging of prostate cancer at 3T.

Objective: This study aimed at evaluating linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers for estimating final Gleason score preoperatively using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) and clinical parameters.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-three patients who underwent mp-MRI on a 3T clinical MR scanner and radical prostatectomy were enrolled in this study. The input features for classifiers were age, the presence of a palpable prostate abnormality, prostate specific antigen (PSA) level, index lesion size, and Likert scales of T2 weighted MRI (T2w-MRI), diffusion weighted MRI (DW-MRI), and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) estimated by an experienced radiologist.

Conspicuity of peripheral zone prostate cancer on computed diffusion-weighted imaging: comparison of cDWI1500, cDWI2000, and cDWI3000.

Introduction And Objective: Disadvantages associated with direct high b-value measurements may be avoided with use of computed diffusion-weighted imaging (cDWI). The purpose of this study is to assess the diagnostic performance of cDWI image sets calculated for high b-values of 1500, 2000, and 3000 s/mm(2).

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight patients who underwent multiparametric MRI of the prostate and radical prostatectomy consecutively were enrolled in this retrospective study.

Improving testicular blood flow with electroacupuncture-like percutaneous nerve stimulation in an experimental rat model of testicular torsion.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the blood-flow-enhancing effect of electroacupuncture (EA) in an experimental rat model of testicular torsion.

Methods: At the first stage, 3D color Doppler ultrasound (3D-CDUS) scans were made to detect baseline perfusion of each testicle in 12 male albino Wistar rats. Then, the left testicles of all rats were twisted 180° clockwise, and 3D-CDUS recordings were repeated.

Robotic radical prostatectomy in patients with previous prostate surgery and radiotherapy.

Herein, we will review the available literature about robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in patients who have undergone prostate surgery or radiotherapy. Current data about this topic consists of small case series with limited follow-up. Despite being technically demanding, robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) can be considered feasible in either setting.

Laboratory procedures for human in vitro fertilization.

Successful and consistent outcomes in human in vitro fertilization (IVF) can be readily achieved by all IVF clinics through consideration and optimization of each procedure associated with the collection and processing of gametes, culminating in the resultant culture and transfer of healthy embryos. Furthermore, understanding the interactions between the individual components of the IVF cycle will assist when trouble-shooting possible problems in a laboratory which could have an adverse effect on cycle outcome. This article will review handling of oocytes and embryo culture, preparation of gametes for insemination and microinjection, selection of the most viable gametes and embryos, cryopreservation, and successful embryo transfer from the laboratory perspective.

Do we need to clamp the renal hilum liberally during the initial phase of the learning curve of robot-assisted nephron-sparing surgery?

Objective: We aimed to compare the results of our initial robot-assisted nephron-sparing surgeries (RANSS) performed with or without hilar clamping.

Material And Method: Charts of the initial RANSSs (n = 44), which were performed by a single surgeon, were retrospectively reviewed. R.

The comparison of complication, pain, quality of life and performance after lung resections with thoracoscopy and axillary thoracotomy.

Objectives: The aim of this prospective study was to compare the effects of axillary thoracotomy (AT) and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) on acute-phase responses, pain, performance status and quality of life in patients undergoing pulmonary resection.

Methods: Fifty-five patients with peripherally located lung lesions were enrolled into this study. Surgery was done by VATS or AT.

Port site and peritoneal metastases after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.

Introduction: Port site metastasis after minimally invasive urologic surgery is a rare event despite the widespread utility of laparoscopic techniques in the management of urologic malignancies. Herein, we report a case of port site metastasis after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.

Presentation Of Case: A currently 77-year-old male patient, who was diagnosed with cT2c, Gleason 7 (4+3) prostate adenocarcinoma in our clinic back in 2009, had undergone robot-assisted radical prostatectomy elsewhere.

The history of urinary stones: in parallel with civilization.

The roots of modern science and history of urinary stone disease go back to the Ancient Egyptians and Mesopotamia. Hippocrates defined the symptoms of bladder stones. The first recorded details of "perineal lithotomy" were those of Cornelius Celsus.

Morphometric profile of the localised renal tumors managed either by open or robot-assisted nephron-sparing surgery: the impact of scoring systems on the decision making process.

Background: Nephrometric scoring systems aim to improve the manner in which tumoral complexity is measured and reported. Each system provides a way to objectively measure specific tumor features that influence technical feasibility. In this study we aimed to determine how nephrometric scoring systems tailored our approach to the surgical treatment of localised renal masses.

Nonleukemic ureteral granulocytic sarcoma presenting with unilateral urinary obstruction and hematuria.

Granulocytic sarcoma is an extramedullary tumor which is composed of myeloblasts and immature myeloid cells. It usually occurs in association with acute myeloid leukemia and most commonly involves skin, soft tissue, lymph nodes, bone, and periosteum. We report a case of isolated ureteral granulocytic sarcoma without hematologic manifestations.