Targeted school-based interventions for improving reading and mathematics for students with or at risk of academic difficulties in Grades K-6: A systematic review.

Background: Low levels of numeracy and literacy skills are associated with a range of negative outcomes later in life, such as reduced earnings and health. Obtaining information about effective interventions for children with or at risk of academic difficulties is therefore important.

Objectives: The main objective was to assess the effectiveness of interventions targeting students with or at risk of academic difficulties in kindergarten to Grade 6.

Having the Lower Hand-Investigating Interaction in the Life Course Narratives of Immigrant Women Exposed to Partner Abuse.

Research has documented the considerable hardships immigrant women often face if they want to leave abusive relationships, but the cumulative impacts of such experiences have received insufficient scholarly attention. In response, this study investigates women's difficulties leaving abusive relationships based on life story interviews with 35 immigrant women who experienced partner abuse. Almost all the women originated from "patriarchal belt" countries in, for example, the Middle East and all arrived in Denmark as adults.

Volunteer work among older adults in Denmark, 1997-2017: What can explain the continuous upward trend?

The present study assessed and explained trends in volunteer work among older adults in Denmark against the backdrop of stagnating participation rates in, for example, the USA. Data on volunteering were retrieved from the multidisciplinary Danish Longitudinal Study on Ageing and merged with information from administrative registries. Multiple imputation was used to correct for sample selection, and Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition was applied to analyse the development in volunteering from 1997 to 2017 for 6263 respondents aged 67-77.

Abducting Children Abroad: Gender, Power, and Transnational Mobility in Immigrant Family Conflicts.

Utilizing life story interviews of immigrant women whose children were abducted by abusive (ex-)husbands, the article unpacks a three-part pattern of transnational mobility: first, husbands apply strategies of coercive control to dominate wives in Denmark; second, wives draw on Scandinavian "woman-friendly" state support to challenge men and seek divorce; and third, men try to regain control through abducting children to the Middle East, seeking to blackmail mothers into leaving Denmark and resubmitting themselves to male control. While some wives accede to their husband's demands, others skillfully manage to "re-abduct" children back to Denmark, thereby belying the trope of the victimized immigrant woman.

Costs of schizotypal disorder: A matched-controlled nationwide register-based study of patients and spouses.

Objective: Information on societal cost of patients with schizotypal disorder is limited. The aim was to investigate the societal costs of schizotypal disorder before and after initial diagnosis including both patients and their spouses.

Methods: A register-based cohort study of 762 patients with incident schizotypal disorder (ICD-10; F21) including their spouses and 3048 matched controls, during 2002 to 2016.

Conditions for successful interprofessional collaboration in integrated care - Lessons from a primary care setting in Denmark.

Introduction: Increasing demand for interprofessional collaboration in health care settings has led to a greater focus on how conditions influence the success of interprofessional collaboration, but little is known about the magnitude of the interactions between different conditions. This paper aims to examine the relationships of intervention conditions and context conditions at the professional and organisational level and examine how they influence the staff's perceived success of the interprofessional collaboration.

Methods: The study was conducted as a multilevel cross-sectional survey in March of 2019 in the second largest municipality in Denmark, Aarhus.

Estimating disability prevalence and disability-related inequalities: Does the choice of measure matter?

Rationale: Different measures for quantifying the percentage of people with a disability in surveys result in diverging estimates of prevalence and disability-related inequalities. Thus understanding the implications of using different disability measures is of vital policy importance. This study is the first to investigate the within-survey variation in disability prevalence based on two internationally recognized measures: the Washington Group Short Set (WGSS) and the Global Activity Limitation Indicator (GALI).

Callous-Unemotional Traits Do Not Predict Functional Family Therapy Outcomes for Adolescents With Behavior Problems.

Despite the availability of evidence-based treatment models for adolescent behavior problems, little is known about the effectiveness of these programs for adolescents with callous-unemotional (CU) traits. Defined by lack of empathy, lack of guilt, flattened affect and lack of caring, CU traits have been linked to long-term anti-social behavior and unfavorable treatment outcomes and might be negatively related to outcomes in evidence-based programs such as Functional Family Therapy (FFT). This study used a single-group pre-post evaluation design with a sample of 407 adolescents (49.

Lifetime costs and lifetime net public expenditures of smoking.

Background: Current estimates of lifetime costs of smoking are largely based on model analyses using etiologic fractions for a variety of diseases or Markov chain models. Direct estimation studies based on individual data for health costs by smoking status over a lifetime are non-existent.

Methods: We estimated lifetime costs in a societal perspective of 18-year-old daily-smokers (continuing smoking throughout adult life) and never-smokers in Denmark, as well as lifetime public expenditures in the two groups.

Experiences of barriers to trans-sectoral treatment of patients with severe mental illness. A qualitative study.

Background: Patients with severe mental illness (SMI) have shorter life expectancy than people without SMI, mainly due to overmortality from physical diseases. They are treated by professionals in three different health and social care sectors with sparse collaboration between them, hampering coherent treatment. Previous studies have shown difficulties involved in establishing such collaboration.

Welfare consequences of early-onset Borderline Personality Disorder: a nationwide register-based case-control study.

Information regarding welfare consequences of early onset of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is limited. This nationwide study aimed to estimate the educational and employment outcome and health care costs of patients with early-onset BPD compared with matched controls. All patients (< 19 years) with first diagnosis of BPD in the Danish Patient Register (NPR) during the period 1983-2015 were included.

Collaborative care for depression and anxiety disorders: results and lessons learned from the Danish cluster-randomized Collabri trials.

Background: Meta-analyses suggest that collaborative care (CC) improves symptoms of depression and anxiety. In CC, a care manager collaborates with a general practitioner (GP) to provide evidence-based care. Most CC research is from the US, focusing on depression.

Incentive effects of cash benefit among low-skilled young adults: Applying a regression discontinuity design.

In 2014, the Danish Government implemented an active labour market reform directed at unemployed young adults under 30 years of age with low educational qualifications. The reform replaced the (unemployment) cash benefits with a lower education benefit for many of the unemployed aged under 30 and obliged the low-skilled in this group to enrol in a regular general or vocational (VET) education program. This paper exploits the sharp discontinuity that occurs at age 30 to estimate the joint effect of higher benefits and the cessation of educational obligations on the share receiving cash benefits and the share enrolled in education.

One last round of chemo? Insights from conversations between oncologists and lung cancer patients about prognosis and treatment decisions.

One more chemo or one too many? The increasing use of expensive cancer treatments close to the patient's death is often explained by oncologists' failure to communicate to patients how close to dying they are, implying that patients are often both ill-prepared and over-treated when they die. This article aims at interrogating the politically charged task of prognosticating. Drawing on an ethnographic study of conversations between oncologists and patients with metastatic lung cancer in a Danish oncology clinic, I show that oncologists utilize, rather than avoid, prognostication in their negotiations with patients about treatment withdrawal.

PROTOCOL: Interventions to improve the economic self-sufficiency of unemployed immigrants from non-Western countries.

Background: This is a protocol for a Campbell Review. The objectives are as follows.

Objectives: This review systematically collects and synthesizes evidence from evaluations of causal effects of interventions designed to improve employment outcomes for non-Western immigrants.

Effectiveness of a school-based road safety educational program for lower secondary school students in Denmark: A cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Road accidents are one of the leading causes of death and injuries among adolescents and young adults. Road safety education programs aim to promote safe traffic behavior through information, skills training or fear appeals. During the last decade, an intervention type using victim testimonials has been developed.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of systematic fast-track transition from oncological treatment to specialised palliative care at home for patients and their caregivers: the DOMUS trial.

Background: While hospitals remain the most common place of death in many western countries, specialised palliative care (SPC) at home is an alternative to improve the quality of life for patients with incurable cancer. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a systematic fast-track transition process from oncological treatment to SPC enriched with a psychological intervention at home for patients with incurable cancer and their caregivers.

Methods: A full economic evaluation with a time horizon of six months was performed from a societal perspective within a randomised controlled trial, the DOMUS trial ( Clinicaltrials.

Association of Prodromal Type 1 Diabetes With School Absenteeism of Danish Schoolchildren: A Population-Based Case-Control Study of 1,338 Newly Diagnosed Children.

Objective: To investigate school absenteeism before the clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in children who develop the disease.

Research Design And Methods: This population-based, retrospective case-control study involved all Danish children who developed type 1 diabetes and attended public schools ( = 1,338) from 2010 to 2017. Those children were matched at a 1-to-5 ratio, on the basis of sex and date of birth, to children without diabetes ( = 6,690).

Measuring positive mental health and flourishing in Denmark: validation of the mental health continuum-short form (MHC-SF) and cross-cultural comparison across three countries.

Background: The Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) is a measure of positive mental health and flourishing, which is widely used in several countries but has not yet been validated in Denmark. This study aimed to examine its qualitative and quantitative properties in a Danish population sample and compare scores with Canada and the Netherlands.

Methods: Three thousand five hundred eight participants aged 16-95 filled out an electronic survey.

Association of type 1 diabetes and school wellbeing: a population-based cohort study of 436,439 Danish schoolchildren.

Aims/hypothesis: We aimed to examine the association of type 1 diabetes with school wellbeing among Danish children.

Methods: This is a population-based cohort study involving 436,439 Danish children, of which 1499 had a confirmed diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. The children were enrolled in grade levels 4 to 9 (middle school) in Danish public schools in the years 2014-2017.

The Parental Stress Scale revisited: Rasch-based construct validity for Danish parents of children 2-18 years old with and without behavioral problems.

Background: Experiencing parental stress is common among parents of children of all ages and is elevated in families characterized by stressors such as poverty, mental health problems, and developmental problems. The Parental Stress Scale (PSS) is a short measure for the assessment of perceived stress resulting from being a parent.

Methods: This study examines the construct validity and psychometric properties of the Danish PSS using Rasch and graphical loglinear Rasch models in a sample of parents of 2-18-year-old children with and without known behavior problems.

Parent Management Training Oregon Model and Family-Based Services as Usual for Behavioral Problems in Youth: A National Randomized Controlled Trial in Denmark.

This randomized control trial used intent-to-treat analyses to compare parent management training-Oregon model (PMTO) (N = 64) to family-based services as usual (SAU) (N = 62) in 3.5-13-year-old children and their families in Denmark. Outcomes were parent report of child internalizing and externalizing problems, parenting efficacy, parenting stress, parent sense of coherence, parent-report of life satisfaction, and parental depressive symptoms.