Sex differences in survival from melanoma of the skin: The role of age, anatomic location and stage at diagnosis: A CONCORD-3 study in 59 countries.

Background: CONCORD-3 highlighted wide disparities in population-based 5-year net survival for cutaneous melanoma during 2000-2014. Studies showed a survival advantage in women, but the reasons are not completely understood. We aim to estimate trends in age-standardised 5-year net survival by sex and to examine the role of age, anatomic location and stage on the survival advantage for women worldwide.

Vestibular function in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: A neglected sense?

Objective: The study aimed to explore the vestibular function in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs).

Methods: Twenty-eight participants with a NDD (6 girls, 22 boys; 6-13 years; 9;3 ± 2;4 years) were enrolled in this pilot study. Sixteen participants had a single NDD (Autism Spectrum Disorder: n = 7, Developmental Coordination Disorder: n = 3; Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: n = 6), the remaining 12 had comorbid NDDs.

Heterogeneous head phantom for validating treatment planning system in boron neutron capture therapy.

In clinical boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), the distribution of dose to a heterogeneous medium that is predicted by a treatment planning system (TPS) should be experimentally validated. A head phantom specifically developed for this purpose is described and demonstrated herein. The cylindrical phantom exhibits distinct regions made from four materials (polymethyl methacrylate, calcium phosphate, air, and boric acid) to approximate a head structure with explicitly defined skin, skull, and brain tissue with a cavity and tumor within.

A Balamuthia amoebic encephalitis survivor in China, and literature review.

Balamuthia amoebic encephalitis (BAE) is a rare, fatal parasitic infection of the central nervous system, with a current mortality rate above 95%. The high fatality rate is largely attributed to atypical clinicopathological features, delayed diagnosis, and the absence of effective treatment methods, so quick recognition of this disease is vital. In this paper, we present a survivor of BAE, who was confirmed through histologic examination and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of brain lesions.

Exposure experiments and machine learning revealed that personal care products can significantly increase transdermal exposure of SVOCs from the environment.

We investigated the impacts of personal care products (PCPs) on dermal exposure to semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), including phthalates, organophosphate esters, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), ultraviolet filters, and p-phenylenediamines, through an experiment from volunteers, explored the impact mechanisms of PCP ingredients on dermal exposure, and predicted the PCP effects on SVOC concentrations in human serum using machine learning. After applying PCPs, namely lotion, baby oil, sunscreen, and blemish balm, the dermal adsorption of SVOCs increased significantly by 1.63 ± 0.

Orismilast, a PDE4B/D inhibitor, in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: Efficacy and safety from a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 2b dose-ranging study (ADESOS).

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, characterized by eczematous skin lesions and pruritus. There is an unmet need for effective first-line systemic therapies with good safety profiles, particularly oral medications. Orismilast is a novel first-in-class oral phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) B/D inhibitor under investigation for the treatment of moderate-to-severe AD.

Ceftobiprole: A therapeutic update.

Disclaimer: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.

Tuberculosis in the US Kidney Failure Population.

Background: People with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a higher risk for progression to tuberculosis disease following infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We produced a nationwide incidence estimate and description of tuberculosis among people with kidney failure.

Methods: We completed a cross-sectional descriptive analysis of people with a reported case of tuberculosis in the United States between 2010 and 2021.

The History and Advancement of Light, Lasers, and Energy-Based Devices in Dermatologic Surgery.

Background: From the theoretical foundations of laser and energy-based applications for the skin to the development of advanced medical devices, the field of dermatologic surgery has undergone transformative changes.

Objective: To review the scientific and clinical advancement of laser and energy-based therapies within dermatologic surgery.

Materials And Methods: A literature search was conducted to identify important scientific advancements and landmark studies on light, laser, and energy-based devices within the field of dermatologic surgery.

In Vivo UV-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Skin in Parkinson's Disease.

Characteristic patterns of UV-induced skin autofluorescence were determined for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and associated with dysmetabolic alterations, such as nonenzymatic protein glycation, an increase in extracellular matrix stiffness, impaired metabolism of tissue fluorophores, mitochondrial dysfunction, and accumulation of aberrant proteins. Key differences in skin autofluorescence spectra were for the first time observed in PD, making it possible to discriminate between PD patients and healthy persons or individuals without signs of chronic neurodegeneration. Namely, skin fluorescence related to the reflected signal upon excitation with UV light at 375 nm was lower in PD patients.

Red and blue LED light increases the survival rate of random skin flaps in rats after MRSA infection.

Skin flap transplantation is a conventional wound repair method in plastic and reconstructive surgery, but infection and ischemia are common complications. Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy has shown promise for various medical problems, including wound repair processes, due to its capability to accelerate angiogenesis and relieve inflammation. This study investigated the effect of red and blue light on the survival of random skin flaps in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-infected Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.

The efficacy of fractional CO laser with or without triamcinolone acetonide or 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of early postburn hypertrophic scars.

Hypertrophic scars (HTSs) are the result of an abnormal healing process resulting from burns and other severe traumas. The symptoms of that condition include skin irritation, discomfort, and itching. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of fractional carbon dioxide (CO) laser therapy alone or with triamcinolone or 5-fluorouracil (FU) in the treatment of early post-burn hypertrophic scars (HTSs) that develop during the first 6 months after the injury.

[Retrospective analysis in children with vaccination granuloma].

Background: Vaccine granulomas are a common (0.3-1%) adverse event (AE) of (accidentally) subcutaneously administered vaccines and specific immunotherapies containing aluminum conjugates. The clinical symptoms with persistent itching subcutaneous nodules, predominantly affect infants and young children on the lateral thigh.

[A case of atopic dermatitis-the biopsychosocial view].

Background: Atopic dermatitis is perhaps the most comprehensively studied skin disease in psychosomatic medicine and psychoneuroimmunology. Its biopsychosocial conceptualization incorporates psychodynamic as well as behavioral and systemic considerations. At the same time, there is also extensive biological knowledge of the neuroendocrine-immune control of barrier and immune function, characterized through animal experiments and translational clinical studies.

A complete sojourn on nanotechnological advancements and nanocarrier applications in psoriasis management.

Psoriasis, a chronic autoimmune and non-communicable skin disease, affects 2-3% of the global population, creating a significant financial burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Treatment approaches are categorized based on disease severity, with first-line therapy focusing on topical treatments and second-line therapy encompassing phototherapy, systemic therapy, and biological therapy. Transdermal drug delivery methods present a promising alternative by enhancing drug absorption through the skin, potentially improving therapeutic outcomes while minimizing systemic adverse effects.

Characterization of different clinical presentation of Merkel cell carcinomas and their potential prognostic implications.

Background: Recent studies analyzed the impact of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) on the prognosis of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) patients. No data on specific morphological clinical differences of MCPyV+ or MCPyV- are currently available neither on the possible prognostic implication of different clinical presentation of MCC.

Objectives: 1) to describe clinicopathological characteristics of MCC patients and the prevalence of MCPyV infection in an Italian cohort of patients; 2) to define possible differences in clinicopathological and prognostic features among MCPyV+ and MCPyV- MCCs.

Hidden Trauma: An Analysis of the Identification of Contusions on Different Skin Tones.

While abrasions and lacerations are typically easily identified, darker pigmentation of the skin may obscure contusions. Forensic pathology literature shows a disproportionate number of illustrations of contusions on lighter skin tones compared to darker ones. Skin and soft tissue dissection is the most reliable method to confirm contusions.

Human keratinocytes grown at a gas-permeable interface in vitro stratify correctly to generate engineered human epidermis.

Background: One of the key functions of human skin is to provide a barrier, protecting the body from the surrounding environment and maintaining homeostasis of the internal environment. A mature, stratified epidermis is critical to achieve skin barrier function and is particularly important when producing skin grafts in vitro for wound treatment. For decades epidermal stratification has been achieved in vitro by culturing keratinocytes at an air-liquid interface, triggering proliferating basal keratinocytes to differentiate and form all epidermal layers.

Impact of the Advanced Practice Nurse in Triage of Primary Care Emergency Departments.

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the time spent on episodes seen by primary care emergency departments before (2017) and after (2019) the inclusion of an advanced practice nurse in patient classification.

Methods: Records from 3 primary care emergency departments in 2017 (n = 18,663) and 2019 (n = 22,632) were compared using Student t and chi-square tests. Waiting time for classification, classification time, and total time spent in the consultation area were compared for total episodes, levels of priority, reasons for consultation, and previous clinical processes.

The Prevalence of Dermoscopy Use Among Dermatology Residents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Dermoscopy is a noninvasive technology used to examine the skin's invisible microstructures in dermatological practice and is gaining prominence as a crucial tool. Dermoscopy is an evidence-based practice used to enhance the early detection of skin malignancies and to help distinguish between various skin conditions, including pigmented and nonpigmented skin malignancies. Currently, the vast majority of global guidelines for skin cancer recommend dermoscopy as a critical component.

Bio-Inspired Highly Stretchable and Ultrafast Autonomous Self-Healing Supramolecular Hydrogel for Multifunctional Durable Self-Powered Wearable Devices.

As skin bioelectronics advances, hydrogel wearable devices have broadened perspectives in environment sensing and health monitoring. However, their application is severely hampered by poor mechanical and self-healing properties, environmental sensitivity, and limited sensory functions. Herein, inspired by the hierarchical structure and unique cross-linking mechanism of hagfish slime, a self-powered supramolecular hydrogel is hereby reported, featuring high stretchability (>2800% strain), ultrafast autonomous self-healing capabilities (electrical healing time: 0.

Reduced autoimmunity associated with deletion of host CD73.

CD73 is ubiquitously expressed and regulates critical functions across multiple organ systems. The sequential actions of CD39 and CD73 accomplish the conversion of adenosine triphosphate to adenosine and shift the adenosine triphosphate-driven proinflammatory immune cell milieu toward an anti-inflammatory state. This immunological switch is a major mechanism by which regulatory T (Treg) cells control inflammation.

Prion protein modulation of virus-specific T cell differentiation and function during acute viral infection.

The differentiation and functionality of virus-specific T cells during acute viral infections are crucial for establishing long-term protective immunity. While numerous molecular regulators impacting T cell responses have been uncovered, the role of cellular prion proteins (PrPc) remains underexplored. Here, we investigated the impact of PrPc deficiency on the differentiation and function of virus-specific T cells using the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) Armstrong acute infection model.

Selective sensing of terbinafine hydrochloride using carbon-based electrodes: a green and sustainable electroanalytical method for pharmaceutical products.

Terbinafine hydrochloride (TBF) is a broad-spectrum antifungal used to treat various dermatophyte infections affecting the skin, hair, and nails. Accurate, sensitive, and affordable analytical methods are crucial for quantifying this drug. In this study, we report on the use of carbon-based electrodes for the electrochemical determination of TBF in pharmaceutical samples, including raw materials and tablets.