Microbiomes of different ages in Rendzic Leptosols in the Crimean Peninsula.

Rendzic Leptosols are intrazonal soils formed on limestone bedrock. The specialty of these soils is that parent rock material is more influential in shaping soil characteristics than zonal factors such as climate, especially during soil formation. Unlike fast evolving Podzols due to their leaching regime, Leptosols do not undergo rapid development due to the nature of the limestone.

[The medical ethics of Amatus Lusitanus].

The authors of this study discovered in annals of history the "Oath" of the Portuguese physician Amatus Lusitanus (1511-1568) and translated it into Russian for the first time. The mentioned historical document represents a sort of Code of Honor of European physician of XVI century that both took in ethical norms of Hippocrates and determined one's own rules of doctoring. The ethical principles of Amatus are akin Hippocrates' ones and they are in parallel on seven positions.

Better Language - Faster Helper: The Relation Between Spontaneous Instrumental Helping Action and Language Ability in Family-Reared and Institutionalized Toddlers.

Background: Prosocial behavior is the key component of social and interpersonal relations. One of the elements of prosociality is helping behavior, which emerges already in early childhood. Researchers have identified several domains of helping behavior: instrumental helping, comforting another person, and sharing resources with others.

Anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects of grape-derived stilbene concentrate in the experimental metabolic syndrome.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the carbohydrate and lipid dynamics, associated inflammation markers and the effectiveness of a grape-derived stilbene concentrate (GDSC) treatment in experimental metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods: The study was carried out on 40 male 12-weeks of age Wistar rats. The MetS was induced using the fructose model (feeding with 60%-solid fructose diet for 24 weeks).

The study of the acid-catalyzed reaction between 2-methyl and 2-(2,2,2-trichloroethoxy) gluco-[2,1-d]-2-oxazolines. Synthesis of macrocyclic pseudo-tetrasaccharide derivative of d-glucosamine.

The formation of macrocyclic pseudo-tetrasaccharide derivative of d-glucosamine as a result of the acid-catalyzed reaction between 2-methyl- and 2-(2,2,2-trichloroethoxy)-substituted oxazoline derivatives of sugars was discovered. The structure of the obtained product was determined using NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. An explanation of the obtained results based on the mechanism of the reaction of electrophilic polymerization of 2-substituted glyco-[2,1-d]-2-oxazolines and the principle of hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB) was proposed.

Pathogenetic Correction of the Enteric Insufficiency Syndrome in Patients with Advanced Peritonitis.

Introduction: Common purulent peritonitis is one of the most formidable complications in abdominal surgery. Evidence of this is the continuing high mortality rate, which according to various authors, ranges from 11% to 83%. According to modern concepts, the leading role in the development and progression of widespread purulent peritonitis is assigned to enteric insufficiency syndrome (EIS), which occurs in 90-100% of cases.

[Subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

Background: Recent studies have shown a high prevalence of asymptomatic forms of heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The presence of even subclinical forms of heart failure in type 2 DM is associated with a negative prognosis of the disease, leading to a significant increase in the frequency of hospitalizations and mortality.

Aims: Identification of left ventricle subclinical dysfunction in terms of its diastolic function, deformation parameters and rotational properties of the myocardium in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Flux growth, structure refinement and Mössbauer studies of FeGaBO single crystals.

High-quality FeGaBO single crystals (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) in the form of basal plates were synthesized by the flux technique.

Stay-at-home circumstances do not produce sleep disorders: An international survey during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: The anxiety-related insomnia and other sleep disorders were mentioned as possible side effects of quarantine and stay-at-home conditions. The questions to be explored were: Are there discernable differences in hours of sleep and sleep habits between the normal operational environment and the stay-at-home condition? and How seriously anxiety-induced insomnia or other sleep disorders may affect individuals during the stay-at-home?

Methods: This international prospective study analyzed results from the sleep-wake patterns questionnaire, daily logs, and interviews. During COVID-19 pandemic, surveys were administered to the healthy volunteers with stay-at-home for 14 days or more, without previous sleep disorders; volunteers were not involved in online education/work daily timetable-related activities.

SARS-CoV-2 will continue to circulate in the human population: no worries with state-of-the-art research and dependably useful results.

This short article provides additional justification for our understanding of the virus-host relationship in the population. Some new data are presented concerning viral structure/behavior and a critical assessment on the possibilities of using new approaches for the treatment of patients with COVID-19.

Tocilizumab in SARS-CoV-2 Patients with the Syndrome of Cytokine Storm: A Narrative Review.

Introduction: Corona virus is a group of viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, these families of viruses can cause respiratory infections from a mild form to fatal. It is preferably called coronavirus.

Correction: Lyubomirskiy, N., et al. Intensive Ways of Producing Carbonate Curing Building Materials Based on Lime Secondary Raw Materials. Materials 2020, Vol. 13, 2304.

The authors wish to make the following correction to this paper [...

More Efficient Prussian Blue Nanoparticles for an Improved Caesium Decontamination from Aqueous Solutions and Biological Fluids.

Any release of radioactive cesium-137, due to unintentional accidents in nuclear plants, represents a dangerous threat for human health and the environment. Prussian blue has been widely studied and used as an antidote for humans exposed to acute internal contamination by Cs-137, due to its ability to act as a selective adsorption agent and to its negligible toxicity. In the present work, the synthesis protocol has been revisited avoiding the use of organic solvents to obtain Prussian blue nanoparticles with morphological and textural properties, which positively influence its Cs binding capacity compared to a commercially available Prussian blue sample.

SARS-CoV-2 will constantly sweep its tracks: a vaccine containing CpG motifs in 'lasso' for the multi-faced virus.

During the current COVID-19 pandemic, the global ratio between the dead and the survivors is approximately 1 to 10, which has put humanity on high alert and provided strong motivation for the intensive search for vaccines and drugs. It is already clear that if we follow the most likely scenario, which is similar to that used to create seasonal influenza vaccines, then we will need to develop improved vaccine formulas every year to control the spread of the new, highly mutable coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. In this article, using well-known RNA viruses (HIV, influenza viruses, HCV) as examples, we consider the main successes and failures in creating primarily highly effective vaccines.

The role of ticks parasitizing dogs in the spread of tick-borne rickettsial pathogens in the city of Sevastopol.

The occurrence of Mediterranean fever with periods of increase and decrease has been recorded in the Crimean peninsula. The city of Sevastopol and its vicinity are known endemic areas for this disease. Some of the most active agents in the spread of this rickettsiosis are feral and abandoned dogs.

Structural and Morphological Changes in the Liver Due to Intestinal Endotoxins.

Background: Under normal physiological conditions, endotoxin (ET) released during self-renewal of the colibacillus pool is an obligate stimulus for the formation of the immune system and homeostasis of the body. Violation of the barrier function of the intestinal wall and the mechanisms of neutralization of endotoxin lead to systemic endotoxemia of intestinal origin. Its development is facilitated by stress, intoxication, a decrease in nonspecific resistance of the body, as well as damage to the intestinal mucosa and dysbiosis, where the mucous membrane is more vulnerable and permeable to endotoxin.

Intensive Ways of Producing Carbonate Curing Building Materials Based on Lime Secondary Raw Materials.

The article is dedicated to the research and development of intensive methods for curing products by capturing and binding CO. It aims to improve and increase the productivity of technologies for the production of artificially carbonated building materials and products. Soda production wastes, limestone dust and finely dispersed limestone dust were used as the research objects.

Availability of basic life support courses for the general populations in India, Nigeria and the United Kingdom: An internet-based analysis.

Background: The number of lay people willing to attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in real life is increased by effective education in basic life support (BLS). However, little is known about access of general public to BLS training across the globe. This study aimed to investigate availability and key features of BLS courses proposed for lay people in India, Nigeria and the United Kingdom (UK).

SARS-CoV-2 will continue to circulate in the human population: an opinion from the point of view of the virus-host relationship.

At the population level, the virus-host relationship is not set up to end with the complete elimination of either or both. Pathogen-resistant individuals will always remain in the host population. In turn, the virus can never completely eliminate the host population, because evolutionarily such an event is a dead end for the virus as an obligate intracellular parasite.

A Case Series of Fetal Valproate Syndrome in the Republic of Crimea.

Valproic acid or valproate is a well-recognized potent teratogen. Antenatal exposure to this drug can cause fetal valproate syndrome (FVS), which is a constellation of distinctive dysmorphic features and congenital malformations. Despite an abundance of reports and registries about this syndrome, there is lack of information from Russia, in particular, the Republic of Crimea.

Phylogenetic position of the 'extinct' Fijian coconut moth, Levuana iridescens (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae).

Levuana iridescens Bethune-Baker, 1906, a day-flying moth purported to be endemic to the Fijian Island of Viti Levu and a former pest of its coconut palm trees, was last observed in 1956 and has been officially declared extinct by IUCN since 1996. The controversial classical biological control method that resulted in the (presumed) demise of this moth has given this species an iconic status in biological control studies. We investigated the sister-group relationships and phylogenetic placement of this moth using NGS-obtained ancient DNA sequences from museum specimens of L.

Dysregulation of VEGF-dependent angiogenesis in cavernous lung tuberculosis.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most dangerous infections with the high mortality in the whole world. The leading problems in the modern course of TB are both long-term therapy and appearance of multiplying and wide resistant forms, as well as the rise of comorbid pathology (e.g.

"Ino Budensis var. Mollis" Grum-Grshimailo, 1893 (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae) from Eastern Asia recognized as a valid species on the base of morphological and molecular analysis.

Based on morphological and molecular data, Ino budensis var. mollis Grum-Grshimailo, 1893, from China, so far treated as a synonym of Jordanita (Roccia) paupera (Christoph, 1887), is here recognized as a good species, Jordanita (Roccia) mollis (Grum-Grshimailo, 1893), stat. nov.