The second phase of tumor invasion driven by immune cells: A study on doxorubicin-loaded PLG nanoparticles.

Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) nanoparticles loaded with doxorubicin have reached phase-I clinical trials for treating advanced solid tumors. This study explores cell hitchhiking, where nanoparticles associate with blood cells and investigates the impact on pharmacokinetics and tumor migration. Previous findings highlighted the early post-injection phase dominated by nonspecific nanoparticle-cell interactions and burst release.

The Role of Neuropeptide Y in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease: Diagnostic Significance and Neuroprotective Functions.

. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. It has been suggested that the factors that cause pathologic changes and lead to the development of AD may also include changes in certain neuropeptides.

EEG Techniques with Brain Activity Localization, Specifically LORETA, and Its Applicability in Monitoring Schizophrenia.

: Electroencephalography (EEG) is considered a standard but powerful tool for the diagnosis of neurological and psychiatric diseases. With modern imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and magnetoencephalography (MEG), source localization can be improved, especially with low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA). The aim of this review is to explore the variety of modern techniques with emphasis on the efficacy of LORETA in detecting brain activity patterns in schizophrenia.

Blood-Nanoparticle Interactions Create a Brain Delivery Superhighway for Doxorubicin.

Purpose: This study investigated the brain targeting mechanism of doxorubicin-loaded polybutyl cyanoacrylate (PBCA) nanoparticles, particularly their interactions with the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB protects the brain from drugs in the bloodstream and represents a crucial obstacle in the treatment of brain cancer.

Methods: An advanced computer model analyzed the brain delivery of two distinct formulations, Doxil and surfactant-coated PBCA nanoparticles.

Lipids in Psychiatric Disorders: Functional and Potential Diagnostic Role as Blood Biomarkers.

Lipids are a crucial component of the human brain, serving important structural and functional roles. They are involved in cell function, myelination of neuronal projections, neurotransmission, neural plasticity, energy metabolism, and neuroinflammation. Despite their significance, the role of lipids in the development of mental disorders has not been well understood.

Ultrasound-Induced Prenatal Stress: New Possibilities for Modeling Mental Disorders.

The development of animal models of mental disorders is an important task since such models are useful for studying the neurobiological mechanisms of psychopathologies and for trial of new therapeutic drugs. One way to model pathologies of the nervous system is to impair fetal neurodevelopment through stress of the pregnant future mother, or prenatal stress (PS). The use of variable frequency ultrasound (US) in rodents is a promising method of imitating psychological stress, to which women in modern society are most often subjected.

Evaluation of the Polygenic Risk Score for Alzheimer's Disease in Russian Patients with Dementia Using a Low-Density Hydrogel Oligonucleotide Microarray.

The polygenic risk score (PRS), together with the allele of the gene (), has shown high potential for Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk prediction. The aim of this study was to validate the model of polygenic risk in Russian patients with dementia. A microarray-based assay was developed to identify 21 markers of polygenic risk and alleles of the gene.

Alteration of Blood Immune Biomarkers in MCI Patients with Different Genotypes after Cognitive Training: A 1 Year Follow-Up Cohort Study.

Many studies aim to detect the early phase of dementia. One of the major ways to achieve this is to identify corresponding biomarkers, particularly immune blood biomarkers. The objective of this study was to identify such biomarkers in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in an experiment that included cognitive training.

Oncolytic Efficacy of a Recombinant Vaccinia Virus Strain Expressing Bacterial Flagellin in Solid Tumor Models.

Oncolytic viral therapy is a promising novel approach to cancer treatment. Oncolytic viruses cause tumor regression through direct cytolysis on the one hand and recruiting and activating immune cells on the other. In this study, to enhance the antitumor efficacy of the thymidine kinase-deficient vaccinia virus (VV, Lister strain), recombinant variants encoding bacterial flagellin (subunit B) of (LIVP-FlaB-RFP), firefly luciferase (LIVP-Fluc-RFP) or red fluorescent protein (LIVP-RFP) were developed.

Inflammatory biomarkers and lipid metabolism parameters in women with mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

The detection of specific markers of dementia and mild cognitive decline (MCI) could be the key to disease prevention and forehanded treatment. Female gender is one of the major risk factor for dementia. The aim of our study was to compare serum concentration of some factors related to lipid metabolism and the immune system in patients with MCI and dementia.

Lipid Alteration Signature in the Blood Plasma of Individuals With Schizophrenia, Depression, and Bipolar Disorder.

Importance: No clinically applicable diagnostic test exists for severe mental disorders. Lipids harbor potential as disease markers.

Objective: To define a reproducible profile of lipid alterations in the blood plasma of patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) independent of demographic and environmental variables and to investigate its specificity in association with other psychiatric disorders, ie, major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BPD).

Supermagnetic Human Serum Albumin (HSA) Nanoparticles and PLGA-Based Doxorubicin Nanoformulation: A Duet for Selective Nanotherapy.

Predicting the ability of nanoparticles (NP) to access the tumor is key to the success of chemotherapy using nanotherapeutics. In the present study, the ability of the dual NP-based theranostic system to accumulate in the tumor was evaluated in vivo using intravital microscopy (IVM) and MRI. The system consisted of model therapeutic doxorubicin-loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolide) NP (Dox-PLGA NP) and novel hybrid Ce-doped maghemite NP encapsulated within the HSA matrix (hMNP) as a supermagnetic MRI contrasting agent.

Chitosan Aerogel Particles as Nasal Drug Delivery Systems.

The nasal drug delivery route has distinct advantages, such as high bioavailability, a rapid therapeutic effect, non-invasiveness, and ease of administration. This article presents the results of a study of the processes for obtaining chitosan aerogel particles that are promising as nasal or inhalation drug delivery systems. Obtaining chitosan aerogel particles includes the following steps: the preparation of a chitosan solution, gelation, solvent replacement, and supercritical drying.

Preparation of Protein Aerogel Particles for the Development of Innovative Drug Delivery Systems.

The research was oriented towards the preparation of aerogel particles based on egg white and whey protein isolate using various dispersion methods: dripping, spraying, and homogenization. Based on the results of analytical studies, the most appropriate samples were selected to obtain aerogels loaded with the drug. The results of the experimental research were used to study methods for obtaining nasal drug delivery systems based on aerogels.

Positive Effect of Cognitive Training in Older Adults with Different Genotypes and COVID-19 History: A 1-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study.

(1) Background: Older people suffer from cognitive decline; several risk factors contribute to greater cognitive decline. We used acquired (COVID-19 infection) and non-modifiable (presence of rs429358 and rs7412 polymorphisms) factors to study the progression of subjective cognitive impairment while observing patients for one year. Cognitive training was used as a protective factor.

Neurobiological Highlights of Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatric Disorders.

This review is focused on several psychiatric disorders in which cognitive impairment is a major component of the disease, influencing life quality. There are plenty of data proving that cognitive impairment accompanies and even underlies some psychiatric disorders. In addition, sources provide information on the biological background of cognitive problems associated with mental illness.

Association of rs4680 , rs6280 , and rs7322347 With Clinical Features of Youth-Onset Schizophrenia.

We investigated the associations of rs4680 , rs6280 , and rs7322347 with youth-onset schizophrenia in the Russian population in a case-control study, and the role of the genotype in the severity of clinical features. The association between rs7322347 and schizophrenia (p = 0.0001) is described for the first time.

Doxorubicin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles for the chemotherapy of glioblastoma: Towards the pharmaceutical development.

Brain delivery of drugs by nanoparticles is a promising strategy that could open up new possibilities for the chemotherapy of brain tumors. As demonstrated in previous studies, the loading of doxorubicin in poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles coated with poloxamer 188 (Dox-PLGA) enabled the brain delivery of this cytostatic that normally cannot penetrate across the blood-brain barrier in free form. The Dox-PLGA nanoparticles produced a very considerable anti-tumor effect against the intracranial 101.