Redox regulation of the NLRP3-mediated inflammation and pyroptosis.

The review considers modern data on the mechanisms of activation and redox regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and gasdermins, as well as the role of selenium in these processes. Activation of the inflammasome and pyroptosis represent an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of the defense against pathogens, described for various types of cells and tissues (macrophages and monocytes, microglial cells and astrocytes, podocytes and parenchymal cells of the kidneys, periodontal tissues, osteoclasts and osteoblasts, as well as cells of the digestive and urogenital systems, etc.).

[The higher level of anxiety as a significant risk factor in evaluating health and social self-feeling in students of medical university].

The success of adaptation of students to conditions of educational process in Medical University is determined by complex of accompanying socio-psychological factors. The level of personal anxiety determines severity of impact of these factors on psychosomatic state of student. The high level of anxiety among students in conditions of educating in Medical University can significantly and multi-componently impact their physical organism, success in teaching and social well-being.

[Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in geriatrics - one disease or two?].

The authors discuss the peculiarities of the terminology of gastric and duodenal ulcers. A clinical, endoscopic and morphological study (determination of the relative area and density of sex hormone receptors in the mucous membrane of the antrum of the stomach) of 760 patients of different ages and genders was carried out. It was found that six clinical parameters (duration of anamnesis, frequency of occurrence of concomitant pathology, epigastric discomfort, belching, heartburn, hereditary predisposition) and two morphological parameters (optical density of estrogen and progesterone receptors) statistically significantly differed in men and women over 60 years old suffering from duodenal ulcer, not gastric localization.

[The population health in The Russian Federation and the Republic of Uzbekistan: a comparative analysis].

Unlabelled: The epidemiological monitoring of morbidity, mortality and disability is one of the important mechanisms of studying population health. The purpose of the study is to carry out comparative analysis of health status of population of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Materials And Methods: The demographic indicators as well as indicators of morbidity, mortality and disability of adult population of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2010-2020 were analyzed.

Combined Effect of Ceftriaxon and Low-Frequency Ultrasound on the Viability of Staphylococcus epidermidis Cells in a Preformed Biofilm.

We studied the effect of low-frequency ultrasound on the antibacterial effect of ceftriaxone for Staphylococcus epidermidis strains isolated from biomaterial of patients with paraimplant inflammation after total replacement of large joints in the plankton and preformed biofilm forms. Low-frequency ultrasound had no antibacterial effect on the plankton S. epidermidis culture or bacterial cells in the biofilm, and combined exposure of the plankton culture to ultrasound and ceftriaxone did not modulate the antibacterial activity of ceftriaxone.

[ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN COMPARISON WITH POPULATION NORMS IN MOSCOW].

The article is a comparative analysis of the quality of life indicators of patients with rheumatoid arthritis with similar indicators in the Moscow population. We conducted a survey of patients in the register of rheumatoid patients in Moscow using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire and the EQ-VAS visual analog scale. The population of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, in accordance with the recommendations of EuroQoL, was divided into 6 age and sex groups.

Assessment of the systemic immune response in patients with inflammatory complications of large joint implants.

One of the most common reasons for the progressing of aseptic instability of implanted structures in patients with end-stage osteoarthrosis is a disorder of immunogenulatory processes of bone tissue remodeling along with chronic inflammatory response influenced by endoprosthesis wear components. This research features the specifics of systemic immune response in patients with inflammatory complications in late postoperative period after total replacements of large joints. The factor analysis enabled determining the most significant immunological mechanisms associated with the progressing of implant aseptic instability.

[SECTORS INVOLVED IN PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC].

The article develops a research agenda for cross-sectoral collaboration on the issues of public health. The aspects of this collaboration are not scientifically founded during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the research is to study the inventory of the sectors involved in public health in the Russian Federation during the COVID-19 pandemic and to put in perspective their importance.

COVID-19 Vaccinating Russian Medical Students-Challenges and Solutions: A Cross-Sectional Study.

: The role of preventive measures increases significantly in the absence of effective specific COVID-19 treatment. Mass population immunization and the achievement of collective immunity are of particular importance. The future development of public attitudes towards SARS-CoV-2 immunization depends significantly on medical students, as future physicians.

Coumarins as Fungal Metabolites with Potential Medicinal Properties.

Coumarins are a structurally varied set of 2-chromen-2-one compounds categorized also as members of the benzopyrone group of secondary metabolites. Coumarin derivatives attract interest owing to their wide practical application and the unique reactivity of fused benzene and pyrone ring systems in molecular structure. Coumarins have their own specific fingerprints as antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiadipogenic, cytotoxic, apoptosis, antitumor, antitubercular, and cytotoxicity agents.

Features of osseous regeneration and informative value of subchondral remodeling markers in early signs of primary gonarthrosis.

Subchondral remodeling is an important pathogenic mechanism in primary gonarthrosis progress. The role of altered metabolism of osseous tissue in early signs of articular pathology remains vague, and the informative value of biochemical markers is discussible. Our research involved 103 patients (64 women and 39 men) with 0-I gonarthrosis stages and 103 healthy individuals (72 women and 28 men) of 36 to 50 years old.

[The information support of inspection of medical organizations and management decision making].

In the contemporary complicated social economic conditions managerial decision-makings in health care are to consider specific characteristics of corresponding implementation in medical institutions. This is also true for informational support as a basis of adequate managerial decision-making. The purpose of the study is to investigate impact of medical institutions inspections on informational support of managerial decision-making.

[The organization of palliative medical care on the regional level].

The article considers particular issues of current state of palliative care organization, including out-patient stage of its provision, as exemplified by the Saratov Oblast. At the actual stage of national health care system development, palliative care system faces wide range of tasks that require immediate solutions, including significant list of diseases that determine palliative status of patients and number of patients in need of corresponding care. According to various estimates, in Russia more than 1.

Kinetics of the Growth of Enterococcus spp. Biofilm Formed by Strains Isolated from Patients with Infectious Complications after Large joint Replacements.

We studied the kinetics of growth of biofilms and plankton forms of Enterococcus spp. strains isolated in implant-associated infection of large joints. The capacity for biofilm formation by enterococci was demonstrated.

Current Drug Targets for Gut Microbiota Biocorrection during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.

Unlabelled: The gut microbiota are known to play an important role in maintaining the body's homeostasis and increasing its immunoresistance. Their role has not been well defined in the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pathogenetic relationship between gut microbiota, immunological reactivity disruption and microbiota pathologies with the new coronavirus infection's course in order to substantiate the use of current drugs correcting gut microbiota during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Role of Imbalance of Lipid Peroxidation and Articular Cartilage Remodeling in the Pathogenesis of Early Primary and Post-Traumatic Gonarthrosis in Rats.

We studied serum indicators of LPO and antioxidant system mechanisms in nonlinear male white rats at the early stages of simulated primary knee osteoarthrosis (n=60) and posttraumatic knee osteoarthrosis (n=60) as well as in intact animals (n=20). An imbalance in the peroxidation-antioxidant system with accumulation of lipoperoxides and malondialdehyde along with a decrease in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities was revealed. Early stages of osteoarthrosis were characterized by increased production of primary and intermediate LPO products and exhaustion of the antioxidant system enzymes.

[The labor motivation in professional groups of medical organization].

The motivation of work is based on personnel needs. The directivity of organization management to meeting needs of employees of any professional group is capable to increase their labor motivation and job satisfaction creating at that favorable working environment. The purpose of the study is to determine value of motivational factors-needs for employees of professional groups of medical organization and to justify application of obtained motivational complexes of factors-requirements for increasing labor motivation of personnel.

[The typology of social predictors as a research tool of studying personnel crisis in Russian health care: The publications review].

In conditions of societal transformations, social institutions undergo significant alterations that are manifested by institutional inconsistency and dysfunctionality. The transformation of social professional structure of health care system resulted in change of status and trends of social mobility of social professional groups. The purpose of the study is to typologize social predictors of professional activity of physicians in health care of the Russian Federation.

[Experimental studies of geroprotective and anti-aging effects of chemical compounds of Portulaca oleracea L. (review).].

The analysis presented in the review of publications shows that extract of Portulaca oleracea L. or its individual components (polysaccharides, oleracea, alkaloids tetrahydroisoquinoline operatein E) is able to increase the lifespan of laboratory animals to activate telomerase and increase telomere length, and provide antioxidant and antistaatiline impact. Various neuroprotective effects (improvement of memory and learning ability, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, protection of dopaminergic neurons, improvement of motor functions, etc.

Morphological Changes in Articular Cartilage and Free-Radical Lipid Peroxidation in Rats with Posttraumatic Osteoarthrosis.

Using the rat model of posttraumatic osteoarthrosis of the knee joint induced by surgical transection of their anterior cruciate ligaments, we showed that irreversible loss of hyaluronan by the extracellular matrix of the joint cartilage tissue against the background of oxidative stress accompanied by accumulation of intermediate LPO products in blood serum and formation of thiol system incompetence was one of the key patterns of dystrophic degeneration of the cartilage tissue. Considerable metabolic shifts were associated with structural modification of the articular hyaline cartilage: its thinning and a decrease of chondrocyte density and their abnormal spatial distribution in the matrix with predominance of solitary isolated cells with signs of karyopyknosis and karyolysis.

Metabolism of Subchondral Bone Tissue in Posttraumatic Osteoarthrosis in Rats.

In rats with modeled posttraumatic knee osteoarthrosis, negative changes in subchondral bone metabolism were revealed: a tendency to an increase in osteocalcin concentration, a decrease in sclerostin and osteoprotegerin levels, and a significant increase in FGF-23 concentration accompanied by a slight elevation of inorganic phosphorous and significant increase in total calcium levels in comparison with the corresponding parameters in intact controls. These findings demonstrate crucial importance of structural integrity of the subchondral bone, because its protection improves the results of reconstructive therapy for local cartilage defects.

Resistance to Antibiotics in Plankton and Biofilm Cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Strains.

Biofilms formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from biomaterial of patients with implant-associated infection are characterized by much higher resistance to antibiotics of various classes than plankton cultures of these strains. The concentrations of antibiotics causing the death of 90% of P. aeruginosa biofilm (MIC) was 2-6 μg/ml for fluoroquinolones, 267-356 μg/ml for cephalosporins, and 92-215 μg/ml for amikacin, which significantly (p<0.

Optimization of Spondylosynthesis for Certain Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures.

Unlabelled: Intermediate transpedicular fixation, i.e. additional insertion of transpedicular screws into the injured vertebrae, is an improvement to the most popular surgical intervention for spinal injuries, currently gaining widespread use in clinical practice.

Antibiotic Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus Plankton and Biofilm Forms Isolated in Implant-Associated Infection.

Comparison of activity of antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus strains in their plankton form and in biofilms of varying maturity showed that the concentrations of antibiotics causing death of 90% S. aureus strains (MIC) in their plankton form was 0.07-2.