Application of monomer structures and fragments of local symmetry for simulation of glass transition temperatures of polymers.

A scheme for constructing models of the 'structure-glass transition temperature of a polymer' is proposed. It involves the representation of the molecular structure of a polymer through the architecture of monomer units represented through a simplified molecular input-line entry system (SMILES) and the fragments of local symmetry (FLS). The statistical quality of such models is quite good: the determination coefficient values for active training set, passive training set, calibration set, and validation set are 0.

Realizing a 3C Fast-Charging Practical Sodium Pouch Cell.

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), endowed with relatively small Stokes radius and low desolvation energy for Na+, are reckoned as a promising candidate for fast-charging endeavors. However, the C-rate charging capability of practical energy-dense sodium-ion pouch cells is currently limited to ≤1C, due to the high propensity for detrimental metallic Na plating on the hard carbon (HC) anode at elevated rates. Here, an ampere-hour-level sodium-ion pouch cell capable of 3C charging is successfully developed via phosphorus (P)-sulfur (S) interphase chemistry.

Measurement of multidifferential cross sections for dijet production in proton-proton collisions at .

A measurement of the dijet production cross section is reported based on proton-proton collision data collected in 2016 at by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 36.3 . Jets are reconstructed with the anti- algorithm for distance parameters of and 0.

Relationship between structural properties and biological activity of (-)-menthol and some menthyl esters.

Menthol is a naturally occurring cyclic terpene alcohol and is the major component of peppermint and corn mint essential oils extracted from Mentha piperita L. and Mentha arvensis L..

The design of a striking dummy and the theoretical foundations of martial arts strikes.

The aim of the research was to develop the design of a striking dummy and the theoretical foundations of martial arts strikes and to test its effectiveness in a pedagogical experiment. This paper presents the design of a striking dummy and the foundational theories behind martial arts strikes. We used modern microelectronics, including a diverse range of sensors, for executing a multitude of electromechanical measurements.

Competition between Halogen Atom and Ring of Halobenzenes as Hydrogen Bond Electron Donor Sites.

A halobenzene molecule contains several sites that are capable of acting in an electron-donating capacity within a H-bond.  One set of such sites comprise the lone electron pairs of the halogen (X) atoms on the periphery of the ring.  The π-electron system above the ring plane can also fulfill this function in many cases.

Modeling effects of climate change on crop phenology and yield of wheat-maize cropping system and exploring sustainable solutions.

Background: Wheat-maize cropping systems in semi-arid regions are expected to be affected by climate change in the future, which is alarming for global food security, environmental sustainability and socioeconomic development. Therefore, management practices like optimized plant geometry and fertilization need to be explored to counter these expected threats. To do this, the APSIM model was calibrated using 5-year data (from 2017/2018 to 2022) regarding yield, biomass, plant height, emergence, anthesis and crop maturity of wheat and maize from farmer fields.

Combination of Carbonic Anhydrase Isoform IX Inhibitors and Gefitinib Suppresses on the Invasive Potential of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells.

Human carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) plays a key role in maintaining pH homeostasis of malignant neoplasms, thus creating a favorable microenvironment for the growth, invasion, and metastasis of tumor cells. Recent studies have established that inhibition of CAIX expressed on the surface of tumor cells significantly increases the efficacy of classical chemotherapeutic agents and makes it possible to suppress the resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy, as well as to increase their sensitivity to drugs (in particular, to reduce the required dose of cytostatic agents). In this work, we studied the ability of new CAIX inhibitors based on substituted 1,2,4-oxadiazole-containing primary aromatic sulfonamides, to potentiate the cytostatic effect of gefitinib (selective inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase domain) under hypoxic conditions.

Prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection among children in Uzbekistan: Impact of vaccination.

Background: Uzbekistan, a highly endemic country for hepatitis B virus (HBV), introduced infant vaccination with hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) in 2001. Since 2002, it had ≥90 % reported immunization coverage for ≥3 doses of HepB (HepB3) and the birth dose (HepB-BD). However, the impact of HepB vaccination and the progress towards achieving the regional hepatitis B control and global viral hepatitis B elimination goals had not been assessed.

Effects of Additional Flexible and Rigid Structure on BDT-BDD Terpolymer and the Performance of Organic Solar Cells.

In organic solar cells, the aggregation and crystallization of polymers are significant for bulk heterojunction. Blending with acceptor materials, polymer donor materials can adjust their aggregation by the movement of the chain segments. In this paper, the unfused structures based on thiophene and carbazole are respectively designed and introduced into the donor-acceptor copolymer donor materials to investigate the influence of flexible and rigid structures on polymer-aggregation leading photoelectric performance.

Angle-Dependent Adhesive Mechanics in Hard-Soft Cylindrical Material Interfaces.

In this research, the adhesive contact between a hard steel and a soft elastomer cylinder was experimentally studied. In the experiment, the hard cylinder was indented into the soft one, after which the two cylinders were separated. The contact area between the cylinders was elliptical in shape, and the eccentricity of this increased as the angle between the axes of the contacting cylinders decreased.

Identification of fine antigenic epitopes of Tamdy virus glycoprotein Gn fragment and establishment of ELISA detection method.

Background: Tamdy virus (TAMV) was first isolated in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. In 2018, it was found in China, marking its entry into the molecular research era. TAMV is linked to febrile diseases, but its epidemiology and spillover risks are poorly understood, necessitating urgent molecular research and detection method development.

Modeling of historical and future changes in temperature and precipitation in the Panj River Basin in Central Asia under the CMIP5 RCP and CMIP6 SSP scenarios.

This study examines the complexities of climate modeling, specifically in the Panj River Basin (PRB) in Central Asia, to evaluate the transition from CMIP5 to CMIP6 models. The research aimed to identify differences in historical simulations and future predictions of rainfall and temperature, examining the accuracy of eight General Circulation Models (GCMs) used in both CMIP5 (RCP4.5 and 8.

Characteristics of children and adolescents with multidrug-resistant and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis and their association with treatment outcomes: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: There are few data on the treatment of children and adolescents with multidrug-resistant (MDR) or rifampicin-resistant (RR) tuberculosis, especially with more recently available drugs and regimens. We aimed to describe the clinical and treatment characteristics and their associations with treatment outcomes in this susceptible population.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.

Defining Health Management: A Conceptual Foundation for Excellence Through Efficiency, Sustainability and Equity.

The practice of healthcare management is essential for the efficient operation of health services, encompassing leadership, management, and direction within healthcare organisations. 'Health management' extends beyond healthcare management by integrating principles of public health and health policy. As health management is commonly practised but not cohesively recognised, the European Health Management Association (EHMA) conducted this study to develop a cohesive definition of health management.

Annotated Checklist of Poroid Hymenochaetoid Fungi in Central Asia: Taxonomic Diversity, Ecological Roles, and Potential Distribution Patterns.

Central Asia, located at the heart of Eurasia, is renowned for its varied climate and vertical vegetative distribution, which support diverse biomes and position it as a global biodiversity hotspot. Despite this ecological richness, Central Asia's fungal diversity, particularly wood-inhabiting macrofungi, remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the diversity, ecological roles, and potential distribution of poroid Hymenochaetoid fungi in the region.

Accessible AI Diagnostics and Lightweight Brain Tumor Detection on Medical Edge Devices.

The timely and accurate detection of brain tumors is crucial for effective medical intervention, especially in resource-constrained settings. This study proposes a lightweight and efficient RetinaNet variant tailored for medical edge device deployment. The model reduces computational overhead while maintaining high detection accuracy by replacing the computationally intensive ResNet backbone with MobileNet and leveraging depthwise separable convolutions.

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) leaves accelerates skin tissue regeneration in excisional wound model: possible molecular mechanisms.

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) leaves are a traditional medicinal herb used for treating many infectious and inflammatory-related conditions, including wound healing. To validate its traditional use, our study evaluates the acute toxicity and wound-healing effects of methanolic extracts of Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.

Magnetic and reusable FeO/PPE-2 functional material for efficient photodegradation of organic dye.

Composite photocatalysts based on metal nanoparticles and functional polymers attract much attention compared to inorganic photocatalysts. In this study, a reusable magnetite/anion exchanger (FeO/PPE-2) functional material is synthesized by a hydrothermal method, and its photocatalytic activity is evaluated for the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB). The results from materials characterization confirm a well-defined morphology of magnetic FeO/PPE-2 functional material and the formation of FeO nanocrystals with different shapes and sizes on the surface of anion exchange material (PPE-2).

Regional and institutional trends in assessment for academic promotion.

The assessment of research performance is widely seen as a vital tool in upholding the highest standards of quality, with selection and competition believed to drive progress. Academic institutions need to take critical decisions on hiring and promotion, while facing external pressure by also being subject to research assessment. Here we present an outlook on research assessment for career progression with specific focus on promotion to full professorship, based on 314 policies from 190 academic institutions and 218 policies from 58 government agencies, covering 32 countries in the Global North and 89 countries in the Global South.

Asymmetric role of board diversity on green growth mechanism: Evidence from COP27 framework.

Corporate governance has an ethical and legal obligation to safeguard environment from the effects of business operations. In this vein, our study examines the role of board diversity in green growth, renewable energy, social inclusion, and natural capital protection. A green growth index was created using indicators endorsed by the Global Green Growth Organization to accomplish the research objectives.

Global Protein Interactome Mapping in Rice Using Barcode-Indexed PCR Coupled with HiFi Long-Read Sequencing.

Establishing the protein-protein interaction network sheds light on functional genomics studies by providing insights from known counterparts. However, the rice interactome has barely been studied due to the lack of massive, reliable, and cost-effective methodologies. Here, the development of a barcode-indexed PCR coupled with HiFi long-read sequencing pipeline (BIP-seq) is reported for high throughput Protein Protein Interaction (PPI)identification.

Evaluation of diesel engine performance and emissions using biodiesel from waste oils synthesized with FeO-SiO heterogeneous nano catalyst.

Purpose: Biodiesel is a non-toxic, renewable, and environmentally friendly fuel used in compression ignition engines. This work aimed to develop FeO/SiO as a cheap, magnetic, and easy separable catalyst for biodiesel production from waste oil by sono-catalytic transesterification.

Methods: Fe₃O₄-SiO₂ was prepared using a modified Stober method and used as a heterogeneous catalyst in an ultrasound-assisted transesterification reaction to produce biodiesel.

Strain-dependent structural, electronic, mechanical, optical and thermoelectric properties of SrNBr perovskites for solar cell applications.

Halide perovskites are a class of materials with excellent potential for solar cell applications due to their excellent optical and electronic properties. In this study, strain-dependent physical properties of SrNBr perovskites are investigated and theoretical results are reported here. The structural properties indicate that SrNBr has a cubic structure.

Sole-Solvent High-Entropy Electrolyte Realizes Wide-Temperature and High-Voltage Practical Anode-Free Sodium Pouch Cells.

Anode-free sodium batteries (AFSBs) hold great promise for high-density energy storage. However, high-voltage AFSBs, especially those can stably cycle at a wide temperature range are challenging due to the poor electrolyte compatibility toward both the cathode and anode. Herein, high-voltage AFSBs with cycling ability in a wide temperature range (-20-60 °C) are realized for the first time via a sole-solvent high-entropy electrolyte based on the diethylene glycol dibutyl ether solvent (D2) and NaPF salt.