Gaps in disability inclusion across universities in the United States.

Disabled people face social and environmental barriers to higher education, yet there is a dearth of clear, publicly available information on university websites related to accessibility and disability inclusion. Our team previously developed disability inclusion scores for the top 50 universities offering undergraduate programs based on funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and found low scores overall. Building on that, this study examines the relationship between disability inclusion (as scores ranging from 0 to 100 points) and six university characteristics for these 50 universities.

Life satisfaction around the world: Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups.

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a widely used self-report measure of subjective well-being, but studies of its measurement invariance across a large number of nations remain limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset-with data collected between 2020 and 2022 -to assess measurement invariance of the SWLS across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups (N = 56,968). All participants completed the SWLS under largely uniform conditions.

Demographic Characteristics and Relational Coordination in ICU Teams: Implications for Building Diverse and Effective Healthcare Collaboration.

Objective: To determine if professional roles and demographic characteristics predict relational coordination (RC) among healthcare professionals in the ICU.

Background: Race, age, and sex diversity are increasing in the medical and nursing workforce, raising questions regarding how well healthcare professionals are collaborating. RC is a validated model for coordinating interdependent work among healthcare professionals.

Sex Differences in Long COVID.

Importance: A substantial number of individuals worldwide experience long COVID, or post-COVID condition. Other postviral and autoimmune conditions have a female predominance, but whether the same is true for long COVID, especially within different subgroups, is uncertain.

Objective: To evaluate sex differences in the risk of developing long COVID among adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Efficacy of a novel interstitial lung disease monitoring program in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment with trastuzumab-deruxtecan.

Purpose: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a well described and potentially fatal complication of trastuzumab-deruxtecan (T-DXd). It is currently unknown if specific monitoring is beneficial in the early detection of ILD in these patients. We describe the efficacy and feasibility of a novel ILD monitoring protocol in breast cancer patients treated with T-DXd at our institution.

Modular Synthesis of Anti-HER2 Dual-Drug Antibody-Drug Conjugates Demonstrating Improved Toxicity.

Antibodies have gained clinical success in the last two decades for the targeted delivery of highly toxic small molecule chemotherapeutics. Yet antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) often fail in the clinic due to the development of resistance. The delivery of two mechanistically distinct small molecule drugs on one antibody is of increasing interest to overcome these challenges with single-drug ADCs.

HEalth-Related Quality of Life-Intervention in Survivors of Breast and Other Cancers Experiencing Cancer-Related Fatigue and Associated Cognitive Symptoms Using TraditionAL Chinese Medicine: The 'HERBAL' Trial.

Introduction: As pharmacological strategies remain limited for relieving fatigue and associated cognitive symptoms, integrative modalities such as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) could be explored as therapeutic strategies in cancer survivors. Here, we evaluate and report the efficacy and safety of a TCM concoction, modified Xiang Bei Yang Rong Tang (XBYRT), on quality of life (QOL), cancer-related fatigue (CRF), and cognitive symptoms, compared to placebo.

Methods: In a single-centered, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot trial conducted from 2019 to 2022, fatigued cancer survivors ≥21 years old were recruited to receive the XBYRT intervention or placebo (5% diluted) once daily for the duration of 8 weeks.

Disentangling Effects of Vegetation Structure and Physiology on Land-Atmosphere Coupling.

Terrestrial vegetation is a key component of the Earth system, regulating the exchange of carbon, water, and energy between land and atmosphere. Vegetation affects soil moisture dynamics by absorbing and transpiring soil water, thus modulating land-atmosphere interactions. Moreover, changes in vegetation structure (e.

Clinical utility of routine postoperative labs in emergency general surgery patients.

Background: Morning postoperative labs are often obtained for emergency general surgery (EGS) patients. Studies in other surgical fields indicate that routine postoperative day 1 (POD1) labs are sometimes being performed excessively and do not require intervention. The purpose of this study is to identify predictors indicating the need for POD1 labs in EGS patients based on likelihood of intervention.

Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction using synthetic suture tape: A systematic review of biomechanical and clinical outcomes.

Purpose: To review outcomes of medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR) using synthetic suture tape in biomechanical and clinical studies.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in three databases. Studies reporting biomechanical and/or clinical outcomes of MPFLR using synthetic suture tape were included.

Association Between Running Characteristics and Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Injuries in United States Military Academy Cadets.

Background: Running-related overuse injuries are common among recreational runners; however, there is currently little prospective research investigating the role of running characteristics on overuse injury development.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between running characteristics and lower extremity musculoskeletal injury (MSKI).

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Cross-Coupling Reactions with Nickel, Visible Light, and -Butylamine as a Bifunctional Additive.

Transition metal catalysis is crucial for the synthesis of complex molecules, with ligands and bases playing a pivotal role in optimizing cross-coupling reactions. Despite advancements in ligand design and base selection, achieving effective synergy between these components remains challenging. We present here a general approach to nickel-catalyzed photoredox reactions employing -butylamine as a cost-effective bifunctional additive, acting as the base and ligand.

A novel interplay between bacteria and metabolites in different early-stage lung cancer: an integrated microbiome and metabolome analysis.

Background: The carcinogenesis mechanism of early-stage lung cancer (ESLC) remains unclear. Microbial dysbiosis is closely related to tumor development. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between microbiota dysbiosis in ESLC.

Advances and current concepts on Eph receptors and ephrins in upper digestive tract cancers.

Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) receptors comprise the largest group of surface receptors and are responsible for cellular signals. Eph/ephrin signaling has been identified to play a role in key cancer development and progression processes, especially in the upper gastrointestinal tract. The Eph/ephrin system has been described as a tumor suppressor in duodenal cancer, while in esophageal, gastric, hepatic, and pancreatic cancer, the system has been related to tumor progression.

Geographic origin and evolution of dengue virus serotypes 1 and 3 circulating in Africa.

Despite the increasing burden of dengue in Kenya and Africa, the introduction and expansion of the virus in the region remain poorly understood. The objective of this study is to examine the genetic diversity and evolutionary histories of dengue virus (DENV) serotypes 1 and 3 in Kenya and contextualize their circulation within circulation dynamics in the broader African region. Viral RNA was extracted from samples collected from a cohort of febrile patients recruited at clinical sites in Kenya from 2013 to 2022.

The Diagnostic Journey of Dysautonomia Patients: Insights from a Patient-Reported Outcome Study.

Dysautonomia refers to any disorder involving altered function of the autonomic nervous system. Dysautonomia can be debilitating as it often affects multiple organ systems. The diagnostic journey for individuals affected by dysautonomia can be hindered by symptom overlap with other conditions and by limited access to autonomic specialists.

Association of neighborhood-level socioeconomic disadvantage and Life's Essential 8 in early pregnancy.

We examined whether neighborhood-level socioeconomic disadvantage per the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) was associated with maternal cardiovascular health (CVH) in early pregnancy per the American Heart Association Life's Essential 8 (LE8). This is a cross-sectional analysis from the prospective Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study-Monitoring Mothers-to-Be Heart Health Study (nuMoM2b-HHS) cohort. The exposure was the ADI in tertiles (T) from least (T1) to most (T3) socioeconomic disadvantage.

Artificial intelligence assisted risk prediction in organ transplantation: a UK Live-Donor Kidney Transplant Outcome Prediction tool.

Predicting the outcome of a kidney transplant involving a living donor advances donor decision-making donors for clinicians and patients. However, the discriminative or calibration capacity of the currently employed models are limited. We set out to apply artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to create a highly predictive risk stratification indicator, applicable to the UK's transplant selection process.

Pleural Drainage, Clinical Characteristics, and Management Strategies in the Perioperative Fontan Patient: A Multicenter Report.

Prolonged pleural drainage and chylothorax are common in postoperative Fontan patients and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Multiple medical and interventional treatment strategies exist and vary between centers. This is a retrospective multicenter observational cohort study of pediatric patients who underwent Fontan operation at 8 pediatric cardiac surgical institutions from 1/1/2019 to 12/31/2021.

The Shu complex interacts with the replicative helicase to prevent mutations and aberrant recombination.

Homologous recombination (HR) is important for DNA damage tolerance during replication. The yeast Shu complex, a conserved homologous recombination factor, prevents replication-associated mutagenesis. Here we examine how yeast cells require the Shu complex for coping with MMS-induced lesions during DNA replication.

ASRA Pain Medicine consensus practice infection control guidelines for regional anesthesia and pain medicine.

Background: To provide recommendations on risk mitigation, diagnosis and treatment of infectious complications associated with the practice of regional anesthesia, acute and chronic pain management.

Methods: Following board approval, in 2020 the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (ASRA Pain Medicine) commissioned evidence-based guidelines for best practices for infection control. More than 80 research questions were developed and literature searches undertaken by assigned working groups comprising four to five members.

Continuous colonization of the Atlantic coastal rain forests of South America from Amazônia.

The two main extensions of rain forest in South America are the Amazon (Amazônia) and the Atlantic rain forest (Mata Atlântica), which are separated by a wide 'dry diagonal' of seasonal vegetation. We used the species-rich tree genus to test if Amazônia-Mata Atlântica dispersals have been clustered during specific time periods corresponding to past, humid climates. We performed hybrid capture DNA sequencing of 810 nuclear loci for 453 accessions representing 164 species that included 62% of Mata Atlântica species and estimated a dated phylogeny for all accessions using maximum likelihood, and a species-level tree using coalescent methods.

Multi-Institutional Analysis of Surgery for Lichen Sclerosus Induced Penile Urethral Stricture: Establishing Single-Stage Urethroplasty as a Primary Treatment Option.

Introduction: Ideal treatment of lichen sclerosus (LS) induced penile urethral strictures (PUS) remains elusive. The objective of this study is to compare multi-institutional outcomes of single-stage urethroplasty (SSU) with oral mucosal graft (OMG), staged urethroplasty and perineal urethrostomy (PU) for treatment of LS induced PUS.

Methods: Multi-institutional analysis was performed at 9 centers on males undergoing SSU, staged urethroplasty or PU for LS induced PUS.

Location of Care Delivery for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the United States.

Rationale: Guidelines recommend patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) be referred to pulmonary hypertension (PH) centers, but little is known about where care is actually delivered in the United States (US).

Objectives: To use prescription patterns to estimate the proportion of PAH care delivered at US PH centers and explore factors associated with location of care.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed claims from the Komodo database in adults who received ≥1 PAH prescription between March 2021 and February 2022.

Kidney organ injury scaling: 2025 update.

The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma initially published the organ injury scaling for the kidney in 1989, which was subsequently updated in 2018. This current American Association for the Surgery of Trauma kidney organ injury scaling update incorporates the latest evidence in diagnosis and management of renal trauma and is based upon a multidisciplinary consensus. These changes reflect the near universal use of computed tomography for renal trauma evaluation and the widespread adoption of conservative management across all grades of renal trauma.