Rectal Indomethacin and Spraying of Duodenal Papilla With Epinephrine Increases Risk of Pancreatitis Following Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography.

Background & Aims: Rectal indomethacin and spraying of the duodenal papilla with epinephrine might reduce the incidence of pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We performed a randomized trial to compare the effects of the combination of indomethacin and epinephrine (IE) vs indomethacin plus saline (IS) in prophylaxis of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP).

Methods: We performed a double-blind trial at 10 centers in China, from February 2017 to October 2017, of 1158 patients with native papilla undergoing ERCP.

Repairing the ruptured annular fibrosus by using type I collagen combined with citric acid, EDC and NHS: an in vivo study.

Objectives: To explore the effect of citric acid (CA)-1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) collagen gel on repairing annular defects.

Methods: Type I collagen was extracted from the rat-tail tendon and crosslinked with CA at different mass ratio using EDC and NHS as crosslinking reagents to prepare four kinds of collagen gels. Forty-eight adult SD rats were divided into first sham group (n = 8), second group (n = 10) which was punctured and injected with CA-EDC/NHS collagen gel, third group (n = 10) which was punctured and injected with CA-EDC/NHS collagen gel, fourth group (n = 10) which was punctured and injected with EDC/NHS collagen gel, and fifth group (n = 10) which was punctured and untreated.

Nitric oxide from brain microvascular endothelial cells may initiate the compensatory response to mild hypoxia of astrocytes in a hypoxia-inducible factor-1α dependent manner.

The physiological level of nitric oxide (NO) released by brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) at normoxia can block the degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in astrocytes and initiate the compensatory response to hypoxia. However, it is unclear whether this occurs at mild hypoxia. This study was to investigate the expression of HIF-1α, VEGF and LDHA and the lactic acid production in astrocytes with or without co-culture with BMECs after mild hypoxia exposure.

Corosolic acid inhibits the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells by inducing apoptosis.

Corosolic acid (CRA), a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from medicinal herbs, has been reported to exhibit anticancer properties in several cancers. However, the anticancer activity of CRA in osteosarcoma cells is still unclear. In the present study, the inhibitory effect of CRA in osteosarcoma MG-63 cells was investigated, and the results revealed that CRA significantly inhibited the viability of MG-63 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

Routine pre-procedural rectal indometacin versus selective post-procedural rectal indometacin to prevent pancreatitis in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a multicentre, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Rectal indometacin decreases the occurrence of pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). However, the population most at risk and the optimal timing of administration require further investigation. We aimed to assess whether pre-procedural administration of rectal indometacin in all patients is more effective than post-procedural use in only high-risk patients to prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis.

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Targeted Sunitinib-Loaded Polymer Microbubbles Against Proliferation of Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Objectives: The poor safety profile of sunitinib capsules has encouraged the identification of targeted drug delivery systems against renal cell carcinoma. This study aimed to explore the effect of sunitinib-loaded microbubbles along with ultrasound (US) treatment on proliferation and apoptosis of human GRC-1 granulocyte renal carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo (xenograft tumor growth in nude mice).

Methods: Liposomes containing sunitinib were prepared by using the transmembrane ammonium sulfate gradient method and then absorbed into polymer microbubbles to generate sunitinib-loaded microbubbles.

Hypoxia promotes C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 expression through microRNA-150 in pancreatic cancer cells.

Hypoxia promotes pancreatic cancer progression by triggering cancer cell invasion. However, the mechanism underlying this process remains unclear, hindering the development of effective therapies. The present study aimed to delineate the molecular mechanisms underlying the prometastatic effect of hypoxia in pancreatic cancer cells.

[Mutation analysis of the PAH gene in children with phenylketonuria from the Qinghai area of China].

Objective: To study the mutation characteristics of the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene in children with phenylketonuria (PKU) from the Qinghai area of China, in order to provide basic information for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis.

Methods: Mutations of the PAH gene were detected in the promoter and exons 1-13 and their flanking intronic sequences of PAH gene by PCR and DNA sequencing in 49 children with PKU and their parents from the Qinghai area of China.

Results: A total of 30 different mutations were detected in 80 out of 98 mutant alleles (82%), including 19 missense (63%), 5 nonsense (17%), 3 splice-site (10%) and 3 deletions (10%).

The Hippo/YAP pathway interacts with EGFR signaling and HPV oncoproteins to regulate cervical cancer progression.

The Hippo signaling pathway controls organ size and tumorigenesis through a kinase cascade that inactivates Yes-associated protein (YAP). Here, we show that YAP plays a central role in controlling the progression of cervical cancer. Our results suggest that YAP expression is associated with a poor prognosis for cervical cancer.

[Changes in blood gas parameters of heatstroke rats in dry-heat environment of desert].

Objective: To investigate the changes in characteristics of blood gas analysis of heatstroke rats residing in dry-heat environment of desert, and to provide a theoretical reference for its treatment in clinic.

Methods: Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley ( SD ) adult rats under anesthesia were divided into six groups by random number table, with 8 rats in each group: namely mild, moderate, severe heatstroke groups and their corresponding control groups. The rats were placed in an artificial chamber with simulated desert dry-heat environment ( temperature 41 centigrade, humidity 10% ) for about 70, 110, 145 minutes, respectively, to reproduce mild, moderate, severe heatstroke models.

Injuries of myocardial cells and changes of myocardial enzymes after firearm wound-induced intestinal perforation in porcine abdomen.

This study aims to observe the changes of myocardial injuries after the firearm wound-induced intestinal perforation in porcine abdomen. 42 healthy Landrace piglets were randomly divided into the control group and the injury group, which was then subdivided into the post-injury 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h and 24 h subgroup. the LDH, CK and CK-MB levels of each group, as well as the plasma endotoxin, were determined and compared.

Treatment of the femoral shaft nonunion with double plate fixation and bone grafting: A case series of 14 patients.

Introduction: The management of femoral shaft nonunion still remains a challenge in orthopaedic surgery. It represents a serious postoperative problem for the patient, associated with plate breakage and loosening, bone defect, shortening deformity and infection. A double plate fixation combined with bone grafting may become a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of patients with femoral shaft nonunion.

A novel acute necrotizing pancreatitis model induced by L-arginine in rats.

Objective: This study developed a novel protocol for creating an acute necrotizing pancreatitis model in rats using L-arginine.

Methods: Anesthetic laparotomy was performed on the upper abdomen, and the pancreatic parenchyma of Sprague-Dawley rats was injected with 1 mL of sterilized L-arginine solution at 5 different locations in the experimental group. Specifically, 2 different injection points in the head and body of the pancreas were chosen randomly, and 1 injection point in the tail of the pancreas was chosen randomly.

Geniposide suppresses LPS-induced nitric oxide, PGE2 and inflammatory cytokine by downregulating NF-κB, MAPK and AP-1 signaling pathways in macrophages.

Inflammatory responses are important to host immune reactions, but uncontrolled inflammatory mediators may aid in the pathogenesis of other inflammatory diseases. Geniposide, an iridoid glycoside found in the herb gardenia, is believed to have broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory effects in murine models but its mechanism of action is unclear. We investigated the action of this compound in murine macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as the stimulation of macrophages by LPS is known to induce inflammatory reactions.

Heatstroke model for desert dry-heat environment and observed organ damage.

Background: Heatstroke is one of the most common clinical emergencies. Heatstroke that occurred in a dry-heat environment such as desert is usually more seriously effective and often leads to death. However, the report of the pathophysiologic mechanisms about heatstroke in dry-heat environment of desert has not been seen.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate is a possible fibrogenic factor in gluteal muscle fibrosis.

Gluteal muscle contracture (GMC) is a chronic fibrotic disease of gluteal muscles due to multiple etiologies. The main pathologic process is characterized by proliferation of fibroblasts and excessive accumulation of collagen in the extracellular matrix of the muscle. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid and has been reported to be associated with various fibrotic diseases.

Metastasis germinomas of the external acoustic meatus: in a 19-year-boy: a case report.

Background: The external acoustic meatus metastasis of germinomas is a rare event.

Case Presentation: we describe a 19-year-old boy with stuffiness and earplug of the left ear but no other symptoms. The whole body F-18 FDG PET/CT and the brain MRI are performed and demonstrated a germinoma in the pineal gland and vermis cerebellum region and in the right of thalamus.

Efficacy of (99m)Tc-EDDA/HYNIC-TOC SPECT/CT scintigraphy in Graves' ophthalmopathy.

The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive role of the orbital somatostatin receptor scintigraphy with (99m)Tc-EDDA/HYNIC-TOC ((99m)Tc-TOC) to detect clinical stage of Graves' ophthalmopathy and the response to corticosteroid therapy. The subjects of the experiment were 46 patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) and four volunteers without eye disease or GO as the normal group (NG). Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), computed tomography (CT) and the left and right lateral position planar imaging of the heads of the all subjects were obtained 4 h after the intravenous injection of 555 MBq of (99m)Tc-TOC.

⁹⁹mTc-RBC Scintigraphy for diagnosis of intestinal stromal tumor hemorrhage: a case report.

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare and our understanding of the natural history and optimal treatment of GISTs are continually evolving. They are characterized by a remarkable cellular variability and their malignant potential is sometimes difficult to predict.

Case Presentation: We report the case of intestinal stromal tumor in a 44 years old patient with a long history of anemia and recurrent hemafecia.

[Sperm DNA damage in young men working on the plateau].

Objective: To investigate whether long working in the high-altitude area can damage sperm DNA in men.

Methods: We enlisted 51 service men stationed on the plateau in an observation group and another 53 living in the low-altitude area in a control group. We detected and compared the damages to sperm DNA in the semen samples from the two groups using single cell gel electrophoresis and the sperm chromatin dispersion test.

[Ectopic osteogenesis of immortalized human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and heterogeneous bone].

Objective: To provide the seed cells for bone tissue engineering, to establish immortalized human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCxj) and to investigate the ectopic osteogenesis of MSCxj.

Methods: MSCxjs of the 35th and 128th generations were maintained and harvested when the cell density reached 2 x 10(9). Then, these cells were co-cultured with heterogeneous bone scaffold in groups A (the 35th generation, n = 12) and group B (the 128th generation, n = 12); heterogeneous bone alone was used in group C (n = 12).

[X-ray guided internal urethroplasty with PlasmaKinetic electrodes for urethratresia].

Objective: To evaluate endourethral surgery for urethratresia under the X-ray guide.

Methods: We performed transurethral urethroplasty for 11 patients with urethratresia using the PlasmaKinetic electrodes under the guidance of C arm xanthippe.

Results: In the 11 cases, operations were all successful, 9 achieved smooth urination and 2 needed regular urethral dilation.

[Semen analysis of sterile patients among occupational computermen].

Objective: To explore temn possible correlation between the computer occupational semen quality.

Methods: We included in this study 224 sterile males (118 computermen and 106 non-computermen) treated in our clinic of male sterility and 125 normal fertile men as controls, and analyzed such parameters as semen liquefaction time and sperm density, vitality and motility according to the WHO standard.

Results: Compared with the normal controls, there was a significant decrease in the semen volume and sperm density, vitality and motility (P < 0.