Matched pair analysis of wide versus narrow focus during shockwave lithotripsy for urolithiasis.

Purpose: To compare stone clearance and complications between a 'wide' (9 × 50 mm) and 'narrow' shockwave focus (6 × 28 mm) when undertaking shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) in patients with renal or ureteric stones.

Methods: Data from patients undergoing SWL using the dual focus Storz Modulith SLX-F2 lithotripter at a single centre were prospectively collected between February 2018 and September 2020. Patients were matched by stone size, location, and number of treatments.

Efficacy of combined electroacupuncture and moxibustion for treatment of neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury: A retrospective analysis.

This retrospective study evaluates the clinical efficacy of combined electroacupuncture and moxibustion for the treatment of neurogenic bladder in patients with spinal cord injury. Ninety patients with neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury who were admitted to the hospital between January 2021 and August 2023 were included. The patients were divided into the study and control groups (n = 45 each) using a random number table method.

Urinary Tract Infection in Children and the Potential Role of Pivmecillinam as a Treatment Option.

We investigated the potential role of pivmecillinam in the treatment of urinary tract infections in children. Among 351 children (0-6 years) with urinary tract infections, 83% could be treated with pivmecillinam following urine culture. Resistance was highest in infants (0-3 months) caused by the high prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis.

Urinary tract infections among under-five children with congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract in hospitalized patients in Addis Ababa.

Background: Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) and urinary tract infections (UTIs) are significant clinical concerns in children. Children who have UTIs are also at risk of developing long-term complications, notably kidney disease and scarring UTIs. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of urinary tract infection and its determinants among under-five children with congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract in Addis Ababa.

Utility of Urine Dipstick Testing in Pediatric Appendicitis: Assessing its Role in Identifying Complicated Cases and Retrocecal Appendicitis.

Background:  Diagnosing appendicitis in children remains a challenge, and the role of urine dipstick is controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the association between abnormal urine dipstick results and appendicitis, particularly appendicitis severity and appendix position.

Methods:  A prospective cohort study was conducted from 2017 to 2021 at a tertiary hospital in Sweden.

Acute Abdominal Pain in Children: Evaluation and Management.

Acute abdominal pain in children is a common presentation in the clinic and emergency department settings and accounts for up to 10% of childhood emergency department visits. Determining the appropriate disposition of abdominal pain in children can be challenging. The differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain, including gastroenteritis, constipation, urinary tract infection, acute appendicitis, tubo-ovarian abscess, testicular torsion, and volvulus, and the diagnostic approach vary by age.

Risk factors for healthcare-associated infections and their relationship with waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in an intensive care unit: a nested case-control study.

Objective: To evaluate the risk factors for healthcare-related infections during the COVID-19 pandemic in intensive care units, to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection, Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection, and ventilator-associated pneumonia, and to describe healthcare-associated infections in the waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This nested case-control study was conducted in a 137-bed adult medical/surgical intensive care unit at a private hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, between January 11, 2019, and May 21, 2022. Case patients were identified using the Nosocomial Infection Control Committee database and control patients were identified using the intensive care unit's EPIMED system.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for treating symptomatic uncomplicated urinary tract infections in non-pregnant adult women.

Background: Almost half of all women will have at least one symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) in their lifetime. Although usually self-remitting, 74% of women contacting a health professional are prescribed an antibiotic, and in rare instances, they may progress to more severe infections. Therefore, the standard of care for the treatment of symptomatic uncomplicated UTIs is oral antibiotic therapy, which aims to achieve symptom resolution and prevent the development of complications such as pyelonephritis.

Bacterial infection adversely increases the risk of decompensation in patients with hepatitis B virus-related compensated cirrhosis: a retrospective study.

Background: Hepatitis B virus related compensated cirrhosis generally has a favorable prognosis until decompensation occurs. Bacterial infections are prevalent in Hepatitis B virus related decompensated cirrhosis.Bacterial infection and decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis are mutually reinforcing.

Accuracy of symptom checker for the diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections using machine learning and Bayesian network algorithms.

Background: A significant proportion of individuals with symptoms of sexually transmitted infection (STI) delay or avoid seeking healthcare, and digital diagnostic tools may prompt them to seek healthcare earlier. Unfortunately, none of the currently available tools fully mimic clinical assessment or cover a wide range of STIs.

Methods: We prospectively invited attendees presenting with STI-related symptoms at Melbourne Sexual Health Centre to answer gender-specific questionnaires covering the symptoms of 12 common STIs using a computer-assisted self-interviewing system between 2015 and 2018.

Gene Therapy With URO-902 (pVAX/) for the Treatment of Female Patients With Overactive Bladder and Urge Urinary Incontinence: Safety and Efficacy From a Randomized Phase 2a Trial.

Purpose: To assess efficacy and safety of URO-902, an investigational gene therapy expressing the α subunit of the large-conductance Ca-activated K channel, in a phase 2a placebo-controlled trial in women with overactive bladder (OAB).

Materials And Methods: Women, 40‒79 years, with OAB and urge urinary incontinence (UUI) who were refractory to OAB medications were randomized to single-dose URO-902 24 and 48 mg or placebo administered by intradetrusor injection via cystoscopy under local anesthesia. Efficacy endpoints included change from baseline to week 12 in mean daily micturitions, urgency episodes, UUI episodes, and patient-reported outcomes.

A novel mouse model of upper tract urothelial carcinoma highlights the impact of dietary intervention on gut microbiota and carcinogenesis prevention despite carcinogen exposure.

Animal models of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxy butyl) nitrosamine (BBN)-induced urothelial carcinoma (UC), particularly bladder cancer (BC), have long been established. However, the rare incidence of BBN-induced upper urinary tract UC (UTUC), which originates from the same urothelium as BC, remains elusive. The scarcity of animal models of UTUC has made it challenging to study the biology of UTUC.

Female Pelvic Conditions: Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome.

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a likely underdiagnosed chronic pain syndrome consisting of pelvic pain lasting longer than 6 weeks plus lower urinary tract symptoms in the absence of infection or other identifiable cause. It is more common after 40 years of age. The etiology is unclear, but some patients have inflammatory findings in the bladder known as Hunner lesions.

[Risk factors for decreased quality of life in patients with kidney stones predicted by the Chinese version of Wisconsin stone quality of life questionnaire].

Objective: To assess health related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with kidney stones and to predict risk factors for reduced HRQOL in the patients by the Chinese version of Wisconsin stone quality of life questionnaire (C-WISQOL).

Methods: The patients with renal stones admitted to Peking University People ' s Hospital from July 2020 to June 2021 were prospectively enrolled. The inclusion criteria included the patients with renal stones aged 18-80 years and sufficient Chinese language foundation, and the exclusion criteria included the patients with internal ureteral stents, malignant tumors, sepsis, .

A prospective, multicentre study evaluating safety and efficacy of a fixed dose combination of Remogliflozin etabonate, Vildagliptin, and Metformin in Indian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (Triad-RMV).

Aims: The ICMR INDIAB-17 study revealed a diabetes prevalence of 11.4% in India, emphasizing the need for effective treatment for glycemic control. A Phase IV study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) of Remogliflozin, Metformin and Vildagliptin (RMV) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients uncontrolled on Metformin plus SGLT2 inhibitor or Metformin plus DPP4 inhibitor dual therapy.

A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study of Antibiotics for OnabotulinumtoxinA.

Importance: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common complication of intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA (BTX-A) injection. Despite this, there are no evidence-based guidelines on antibiotic prophylaxis.

Objectives: Our primary aim was to determine whether antibiotic prophylaxis decreased symptomatic, culture-proven UTI rates within 6 weeks of intradetrusor BTX-A injection.

Complications in gynecological surgeries in Ukraine: results a multicenter study.

Objective: . Aim: To analyze the complications during gynecologic surgery procedures and identify possible risk factors associated with this type of surgery in Ukraine.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: We conducted a multicenter, retrospective cohort study in tertiary care hospitals from 12 regions of Ukraine from January, 2021, to December, 2023.

Aerococcus urinae urinary tract infections: A case series.

Aerococcus urinae is an uncommon uropathogen that mainly affect the elderly with predisposing conditions. Aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical and microbiological characteristics of patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) by A. urinae and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolates, over the last 3 years at our institution.

Activity Assessment of Antibiotics Used Against Different Bacterial Etiological Agents of UTI in Najaf, Iraq.

Background & Objective: Antibiotic resistance in urinary tract infection (UTI) is increasing nowadays, therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance patterns of many pathogens toward several antibiotics that are in common use in our hospitals.

Methods: Subculture and identification of pathogenic bacteria were performed on 1148 hospitals' bacterial primary cultures which were considered positive for UTI. An antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by using the disc diffusion method.

Persistent Elevation in Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Levels Can Be a Predictor of Urinary Tract Infection Recurrence or Persistence in Women.

Women commonly experience urinary tract infection (UTI) recurrence. However, there is no effective tool for predicting recurrent UTI after the first UTI episode. Hence, this study aimed to investigate potential urinary inflammatory biomarkers and specific biomarkers for predicting UTI recurrence or persistence after antibiotic treatment in women.

Drug Reaction With Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms Secondary to Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole: A Case Report.

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS syndrome) is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition. Symptoms typically manifest two to eight weeks after exposure to an offending agent, such as anticonvulsants and antibiotics. Clinical features include fever, morbilliform rash, eosinophilia, lymphadenopathy, and, in severe cases, multiorgan dysfunction, including interstitial nephritis, hepatitis, and pneumonitis.

False-positive dengue non-structural protein 1 in pregnancy.

Dengue is a vector-borne infection, which contributes to significant morbidity and mortality in endemic areas. It manifests rapidly within 2 wk from febrile, critical to recovery phase. The point-of-care test (POCT) comprises the non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen, IgM and IgG, which aids rapid diagnosis, leading to timely treatment.

Importance of Urine Culture and Antibiotic Sensitivity for Improving Clinicians' Choice in Treating Urinary Tract Infections.

Background: The local antibiogram is essential to prevent the development of multidrug-resistant organisms. The aim of the study was to find out the synchronization of empirical antibiotics with the sensitivity pattern of the urine culture report and to study the differences in the organisms and sensitivity patterns in urinary tract infection (UTI) with and without other comorbidities.

Materials And Methods: UTI, diagnosed by a positive urine culture report of 300 consecutive patients above the age of 18, was studied retrospectively.