Risk factors for radial artery calcification in patients with and without uremia.

Background: Calcification of the radial artery is one of the main causes of anastomotic stenosis in autogenous arteriovenous fistulas in uremic patients. However, the pathogenesis of calcification is still unknown. This study attempted to screen and validate the risk factors for vascular calcification in patients with uremia.

Recovery of Myocardial Functions After Kidney Transplantation in Patients with Heart Failure Due to Uremic Cardiomyopathy.

Objective: Although left ventricular hypertrophy frequently accompanies end-stage renal disease, heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (EF) is also observed in a subset of patients. In those patients kidney transplantation (KT) is generally avoided due to an increased risk of mortality in addition to the risks associated with HF. This prospective study was designed to follow patients with HF who were being prepared for KT.

Phytochemicals Controlling Enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) Virulence-Current Knowledge of Their Mechanisms of Action.

Enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) is a common pathotype of that causes numerous outbreaks of foodborne illnesses. EHEC is a zoonotic pathogen that is transmitted from animals to humans. Ruminants, particularly cattle, are considered important reservoirs for virulent EHEC strains.

CRISPR/Cas Systems as Diagnostic and Potential Therapeutic Tools for Enterohemorrhagic .

Following its discovery as an adaptive immune system in prokaryotes, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) system has been developed into a multifaceted genome editing tool. This review compiles findings aimed at implementation of this technology for selective elimination or attenuation of enterohemorrhagic (EHEC). EHEC are important zoonotic foodborne pathogens that cause hemorrhagic colitis and can progress to the life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS).

Alterations in structural and functional connectivity of thalamic subregions in patients with uremic pruritus undergoing peritoneal dialysis.

Uremic pruritus (UP) significantly compromises the quality of life in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Although the precise pathophysiological mechanisms of UP remain elusive, the thalamus, which is integral to processing sensory information, is potentially implicated in its development. This study aimed to investigate alterations in the structure and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of thalamic subregions in patients with UP.

Triboelectric Nanogenerator-Based Self-Powered Urinary Protein Detection Utilizing Triboelectric Material with Colorimetric Function.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high incidence rate, and if not detected and treated in a timely manner, it poses a risk of progressing to renal failure and even uremia. Performing home monitoring of urinary protein, which is a recognized indicator of CKD, is considered an effective means of achieving early warning for CKD. Although the existing urinary protein test strips for home self-testing are cost-effective and simple, they suffer from drawbacks such as susceptibility to contamination and lack of quantitative detection capability.

Alterations in gut-derived uremic toxins before the onset of azotemic chronic kidney disease in cats.

Background: Although gut-derived uremic toxins are increased in azotemic chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats and implicated in disease progression, it remains unclear if augmented formation or retention of these toxins is associated with the development of renal azotemia.

Objectives: Assess the association between gut-derived toxins (ie, indoxyl-sulfate, p-cresyl-sulfate, and trimethylamine-N-oxide [TMAO]) and the onset of azotemic CKD in cats.

Animals: Forty-eight client-owned cats.

Anticoagulation-related complications and their outcomes in hemodialysis patients with acute kidney injury at selected hospitals in Ethiopia.

Introduction: During hemodialysis (HD), the presence of clots in the dialyzer can diminish the effective surface area of the device. In severe cases, clot formation in the circuit can halt treatment and lead to blood loss in the system. Thus, ensuring proper anticoagulation during HD is crucial to prevent clotting in the circuit while safeguarding the patient from bleeding risks.

The Choice of Anti-Inflammatory Influences the Elimination of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins.

Pain is a frequent and disturbing symptom among hemodialysis patients. Protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) are related to cardiovascular and overall mortality, and they are difficult to remove with current hemodialysis treatments. The PBUT displacers, such as furosemide, tryptophan, or ibuprofen, may be promising new strategies for improving their clearance.

Reduction in Renal Heme Oxygenase-1 Is Associated with an Aggravation of Kidney Injury in Shiga Toxin-Induced Murine Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome.

Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) is a systemic complication of an infection with Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing enterohemorrhagic , primarily leading to acute kidney injury (AKI) and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Although free heme has been found to aggravate renal damage in hemolytic diseases, the relevance of the heme-degrading enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1, encoded by ) in HUS has not yet been investigated. We hypothesized that HO-1 also important in acute phase responses in damage and inflammation, contributes to renal pathogenesis in HUS.

Fasting Glycemia, Glycosylated Hemoglobin and Malnutrition Inflammation Are Associated With Sarcopenia in Older People With Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Hemodialysis Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Contradictory data are available on the possible association between sarcopenia and other clinical disorders in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis.

Objective: To determine the association between sarcopenia and markers associated with systemic inflammation, fasting glycemia, and quality of life in older people with CKD undergoing hemodialysis.

Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study.

Cholecystectomy-induced thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) in a postpartum patient successfully treated with eculizumab: a case report.

Background: Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a rare, life-threatening disorder characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and end-organ damage. Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is even less common, comprising less than 10% of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) cases. aHUS in postpartum is associated with poor maternal outcomes, with the majority of cases resulting in end-stage renal disease.

Difelikefalin in the treatment of hemodialysis patients with pruritus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: Uremic pruritus is a persistent condition that is difficult to cure in patients with end-stage renal disease who are having regular dialysis. It is highly prevalent, and current therapies have limited effectiveness and can cause significant adverse effects. Several trials have provided evidence that difelikefalin can be an effective treatment for uremic pruritus, with few side responses.

Comparative study of Claude 3.5-Sonnet and human physicians in generating discharge summaries for patients with renal insufficiency: assessment of efficiency, accuracy, and quality.

Background: The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has shown great potential in medical document generation. This study aims to evaluate the performance of Claude 3.5-Sonnet, an advanced AI model, in generating discharge summaries for patients with renal insufficiency, compared to human physicians.

Pericardial effusion in an Indian context: clinical insights and dynamics from a tertiary care centre.

Background: Pericardial effusion (PE) indicates the build-up of fluid within the pericardial sac, which encases the heart. The present study was undertaken to assess the clinical profile, etiology of pericardial effusion and to determine the correlation of cardiac tamponade and constrictive pericarditis with etiology.

Methods: A prospective observational hospital based longitudinal study was undertaken among the 88 newly diagnosed and known patients of pericardial effusion who are above 18 years.

Association between Arterial Stiffness, Carbamylation, and Mortality in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography with No or Mild Chronic Kidney Disease.

Introduction: The processes of atherosclerosis, inflammation, and carbamylation are closely linked in cardiovascular (CV) disease, but the potential of carbamylation burden as a CV mortality predictor is unclear, especially in patients with no or mild chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to investigate whether elevated carbamylated albumin (C-Alb), as a surrogate marker for carbamylation burden, is associated with mortality and arterial stiffness/atherosclerotic burden in patients with no or mild CKD, using pulse pressure (PP) as a marker for arterial stiffness.

Methods: We measured C-Alb in 3,193 participants of the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health study who had been referred for coronary angiography and followed up for 10 years.

A novel scoring system for the prediction of disease severity in STEC-HUS.

Background: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS) is a life-threatening condition complicated by acute kidney injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and central nervous system disorders. The early identification of high-risk patients is required to facilitate timely and appropriate treatment.

Methods: The medical records of patients with STEC-HUS treated at 11 hospitals in Hokkaido, Japan, were reviewed retrospectively.

Comparison of uremic toxin removal between expanded hemodialysis and high volume online hemodiafiltrations in different modes.

Various high-efficiency hemodialysis techniques exist, including different online high- volume hemodiafiltration (HDF) modes and expanded hemodialysis (HDx) utilizing dialyzers with medium cut-off (MCO) membranes. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of uremic toxin removal among four modalities: (I) HDx, (II) pre-dilution HDF (PRE-HDF), (III) mixed-dilution HDF (MIX-HDF), and (IV) post-dilution HDF (POST-HDF), each applied for 1 week in a randomized order. This research was a single-center, prospective, open-label, exploratory crossover study.

Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: A Study of the 2022 Outbreak in Turkey.

BACKGROUND Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) causes serious bacterial illnesses from consuming undercooked meat and foods contaminated with feces. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of an STEC outbreak associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) that emerged in Turkey and affected 21 adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS The medical records of 21 adult patients who were admitted to Ankara Bilkent City Hospital Internal Medicine Intensive Care Department with the diagnosis of HUS between July and September 2022 were retrospectively evaluated through the system.

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: diagnosis, management, and discontinuation of therapy.

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a thrombotic microangiopathy typically characterized by anemia, thrombocytopenia, and end-organ injury. aHUS occurs due to endothelial injury resulting from overactivation of the alternative pathway of the complement system. The etiology of the dysregulated complement system is either a genetic mutation in 1 or more complement proteins or an acquired deficiency due to autoantibodies.

Cross-sectoral genomic surveillance reveals a lack of insight in sources of human infections with Shiga toxin-producing , the Netherlands, 2017 to 2023.

Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) is a zoonotic pathogen associated with illness ranging from mild diarrhoea to haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) or even death. Cross-sectoral data sharing provides an opportunity to gain insight in reservoirs and sources of human infections and starting points for pro-active measures. Nevertheless, phylogenetic clustering of STEC strains from animals, food and human cases is low in the Dutch surveillance system.

Serum concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in dogs with chronic kidney disease in uremic syndrome undergoing intermittent hemodialysis with and without bypass.

Intermittent hemodialysis (IH) is an important therapy in the context of kidney dysfunction in dogs. However, its impact on pro-inflammatory cytokines is unclear. This study assessed IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α serum concentrations in dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing one session of IH without bypass (IH group,  = 4) and with bypass (IH + bypass group,  = 4).

Can Severe Uremia Impact Mortality Predictors in Elderly People With Kidney Failure?

Numerous studies have shown that dialysis may not be as beneficial to elderly, frail patients with chronic kidney failure and multiple comorbidities as comprehensive conservative therapy (CCT) and that dialysis may worsen the quality of life (QOL), increase hospitalization rates, and cause a significant decline in functional status. Several mortality predictors have been proposed to determine which patients would benefit more from CCT or dialysis. We estimated the short-term risk of death in an 81-year-old male patient with kidney failure and highly severe frailty using the REIN score, a dependable risk prediction model proposed by the European Renal Best Practice Group for the prediction of short-term risk mortality.