Comparative study of Claude 3.5-Sonnet and human physicians in generating discharge summaries for patients with renal insufficiency: assessment of efficiency, accuracy, and quality.

Background: The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has shown great potential in medical document generation. This study aims to evaluate the performance of Claude 3.5-Sonnet, an advanced AI model, in generating discharge summaries for patients with renal insufficiency, compared to human physicians.

Pericardial effusion in an Indian context: clinical insights and dynamics from a tertiary care centre.

Background: Pericardial effusion (PE) indicates the build-up of fluid within the pericardial sac, which encases the heart. The present study was undertaken to assess the clinical profile, etiology of pericardial effusion and to determine the correlation of cardiac tamponade and constrictive pericarditis with etiology.

Methods: A prospective observational hospital based longitudinal study was undertaken among the 88 newly diagnosed and known patients of pericardial effusion who are above 18 years.

A novel scoring system for the prediction of disease severity in STEC-HUS.

Background: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS) is a life-threatening condition complicated by acute kidney injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and central nervous system disorders. The early identification of high-risk patients is required to facilitate timely and appropriate treatment.

Methods: The medical records of patients with STEC-HUS treated at 11 hospitals in Hokkaido, Japan, were reviewed retrospectively.

Comparison of uremic toxin removal between expanded hemodialysis and high volume online hemodiafiltrations in different modes.

Various high-efficiency hemodialysis techniques exist, including different online high- volume hemodiafiltration (HDF) modes and expanded hemodialysis (HDx) utilizing dialyzers with medium cut-off (MCO) membranes. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of uremic toxin removal among four modalities: (I) HDx, (II) pre-dilution HDF (PRE-HDF), (III) mixed-dilution HDF (MIX-HDF), and (IV) post-dilution HDF (POST-HDF), each applied for 1 week in a randomized order. This research was a single-center, prospective, open-label, exploratory crossover study.

Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: A Study of the 2022 Outbreak in Turkey.

BACKGROUND Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) causes serious bacterial illnesses from consuming undercooked meat and foods contaminated with feces. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of an STEC outbreak associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) that emerged in Turkey and affected 21 adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS The medical records of 21 adult patients who were admitted to Ankara Bilkent City Hospital Internal Medicine Intensive Care Department with the diagnosis of HUS between July and September 2022 were retrospectively evaluated through the system.

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: diagnosis, management, and discontinuation of therapy.

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a thrombotic microangiopathy typically characterized by anemia, thrombocytopenia, and end-organ injury. aHUS occurs due to endothelial injury resulting from overactivation of the alternative pathway of the complement system. The etiology of the dysregulated complement system is either a genetic mutation in 1 or more complement proteins or an acquired deficiency due to autoantibodies.

Cross-sectoral genomic surveillance reveals a lack of insight in sources of human infections with Shiga toxin-producing , the Netherlands, 2017 to 2023.

Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) is a zoonotic pathogen associated with illness ranging from mild diarrhoea to haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) or even death. Cross-sectoral data sharing provides an opportunity to gain insight in reservoirs and sources of human infections and starting points for pro-active measures. Nevertheless, phylogenetic clustering of STEC strains from animals, food and human cases is low in the Dutch surveillance system.

Serum concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in dogs with chronic kidney disease in uremic syndrome undergoing intermittent hemodialysis with and without bypass.

Intermittent hemodialysis (IH) is an important therapy in the context of kidney dysfunction in dogs. However, its impact on pro-inflammatory cytokines is unclear. This study assessed IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α serum concentrations in dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing one session of IH without bypass (IH group,  = 4) and with bypass (IH + bypass group,  = 4).

Can Severe Uremia Impact Mortality Predictors in Elderly People With Kidney Failure?

Numerous studies have shown that dialysis may not be as beneficial to elderly, frail patients with chronic kidney failure and multiple comorbidities as comprehensive conservative therapy (CCT) and that dialysis may worsen the quality of life (QOL), increase hospitalization rates, and cause a significant decline in functional status. Several mortality predictors have been proposed to determine which patients would benefit more from CCT or dialysis. We estimated the short-term risk of death in an 81-year-old male patient with kidney failure and highly severe frailty using the REIN score, a dependable risk prediction model proposed by the European Renal Best Practice Group for the prediction of short-term risk mortality.

Recoverability of Bladder Function in Patients With Defunctionalized Bladder and Live-Donor Kidney Transplantation.

Background: The purpose of this article was to assess the recoverability of bladder, in a subset of patients with uremia, planned for live-donor kidney transplantation.

Methods: Patients referred to the Voiding Dysfunction Unit for evaluation, prior to transplantation, were included in this study during the period 2004 to 2008 in a single institution with a track record in live-donor transplantation. Defunctionalized bladder was defined as patients with complete anuria or oliguria for at least 6 months.

Future of Uremic Toxin Management.

During the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the retention of uremic toxins plays a key role in the development of uremic syndrome. Knowledge about the nature and biological impact of uremic toxins has grown exponentially over the past decades. However, the science on reducing the concentration and effects of uremic toxins has not advanced in parallel.

Frequency and progression of azotemia during acute and chronic treatment of congestive heart failure in cats.

Background: Azotemia is common in cats with congestive heart failure (CHF) and might be exacerbated by diuretic therapy.

Hypothesis/objectives: Determine frequency, risk factors, and survival impact of progressive azotemia in cats treated for CHF.

Animals: One hundred and sixteen client-owned cats with kidney function testing performed at least twice during acute or chronic CHF treatment.

Correlation between pre-operative VE-cadherin and DLL4 and the maturation after primary arteriovenous fistula in uremic patients.

Aims: Uremic patients require dialysis to replace the declined kidney function, and arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is a commonly used dialysis access route. Our study aimed to explore vascular endothelial cells cadherin (VE-cadherin) and Delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4) expression in uremic patients undergoing primary AVF surgery and their correlation with AVF maturation.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study that included = 55 voluntary uremic patients receiving their initial AVF procedure for renal replacement therapy, subjects were divided into a mature group and a failure group based on whether the AVF matured within 3 months post-operatively.

The uremic solute 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionate (CMPF) may enhance eryptosis and increase erythrocyte osmotic fragility through potential activation of Piezo1.

Background And Hypothesis: In patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), the lifespan of red blood cells (RBC) is often shortened, a condition attributed to the "uremic milieu." We reported recently that the uremic solute 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionate (CMPF) shares structural similarities with Jedi1, a chemical activator of the mechanosensitive cation channel Piezo1, whose activation increases calcium influx into cells. Against this backdrop, we hypothesized that CMPF may induce premature RBC death (eryptosis) through prolonged CMPF-induced activation of Piezo1 located on RBC.

Ophthalmological changes in children with advanced stage of chronic kidney disease: a hospital-based study.

Background: Ocular disorders can arise in the advanced stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) for various reasons, including uraemia, biochemical abnormalities, hypertension and inadequate haemodialysis treatment.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study at the Pediatric Nephrology Department, both inpatient and outpatient, of from January 2020 to July 2021. The study aimed to identify and compare ophthalmological changes among children at different stages of CKD to assess potential visual threats.

Effect of Self-Proning on Respiratory Functions, Pneumonia Severity, and Mortality Risk Among Patients Diagnosed With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Nursing-Based Quasi-Experimental Study.

Assessing and monitoring respiratory parameters, such as respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and lung sounds, is crucial for the management and prognosis of pneumonia patients. Prone positioning has been shown to improve oxygenation in patients with respiratory disorders, including pneumonia, by reducing ventilation/perfusion mismatch. However, there is a lack of evidence supporting the benefits of self-proning in spontaneously breathing pneumonia patients.

[Features of histo- and angioarchitectonics of the prostate during the progression of bph and the development of its complications].

Introduction: Prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common diseases of elderly and senile men. Its natural "evolution" leads to an increase in deformity disorders, gradual decompensation of the bladder and the progression of CKD. If the morphogenesis of BPH, as well as the patterns of adaptive and pathological restructuring of the lower urinary tract are described in the literature, then there is practically no evidence of adaptive processes in the prostate itself against the background of the growth of hyperplasia nodes.

Simultaneous determination of the combined and free concentrations of atorvastatin and its major metabolite and based on ultrafiltration coupled with UPLC-MS/MS method: an application in a protein binding rate and metabolism ability study in uremic hemodialysis patients.

Introduction: A rapid, accurate, and specific ultrafiltration with ultra-performance liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometry method was validated for the simultaneous determination of the protein binding rate of atorvastatin in uremic patients. Methods: The plasma samples were centrifuged at 6,000 r/min for 15 min at 37°C and the ultrafiltrate was collected. An ACQUITY UPLC® BEH C18 Column with gradient elution of water (0.