Femoral venous catheterization during cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a critical appraisal.

The placement of femoral venous catheters inserted during unsuccessful resuscitation attempts was studied by postmortem angiograms through the catheters. In 31% of the catheterizations the final position of the catheter was not in the femoral vein. We conclude that femoral venous catheterization by inexperienced operators is an unreliable technique during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Role for endocytosis in conjugation in Tetrahymena.

We examined the effect of inhibitors of receptor-mediated endocytosis on cell pair formation during conjugation in Tetrahymena thermophila. Dansylcadaverine (20 microM), methylamine (20 mM), and bacitracin (2 mg/ml) prevented cell pair formation even when added poststarvation, after mixing of cells of opposite mating types (during the preparing interaction). Chloroquine (10 and 25 microM) did not inhibit cell pair formation, leading to the conclusion that inhibition by dansylcadaverine, methylamine, and bacitracin is not due to an alkalinization of the lysosome.

Mevalonic acid analogs as inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis.

A series of 20 mevalonic acid analogs was synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis from [2-14C]-mevalonate in rat liver homogenates. Removal of the 5-hydroxyl group from mevalonic acid produced an active inhibitor, 3-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid. Removal of the 3-hydroxyl group, addition of an aromatic group in the 3-position, or insertion of a double bond reduced inhibitory activity.

Interactions between autonomic nerves and endocrine cells of the gastroenteropancreatic system.

Autonomic nerves and endocrine cells of both the gastrointestinal tract and the pancreatic islets participate in the control of several processes related to the digestion and metabolism of nutrients. While it was once thought that they acted separately to regulate these processes, it is now appreciated that numerous interactions exist between the functions of autonomic nerves and GEP endocrine cells. Recent studies show that autonomic signals play a role in the secretory activity of various GEP cells, thus providing a mechanism by which the central nervous system can integrate digestive and metabolic functions.

Prostaglandin E(2) inhibition of glucagon-induced hepatic gluconeogenesis and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate accumulation.

This study examines the role of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) in modulating hormonal control of hepatic gluconeogenesis. The effects of PGE(2) (2.8 x 10(-6) M), administered alone and in combination with glucagon (1.

Cellular radiation doses of labeled neutrophils and platelets.

Radiation doses were calculated for human neutrophils and platelets labeled by phosphorus-32, chromium-51, gallium-67, technetium-99m, indium-111, and mercury-197. The cells were assumed to be spheres with radii of 4.87 microm and 1.

Temperature levels and periods of sex determination during incubation of eggs of Chelydra serpentina.

Eggs of Chelydra serpentina were shifted during incubation between the female producing temperatures of 20°C or 30°C and the male producing temperature of 26°C. In the 20°C and 26°C combination, the stages during which incubation temperature determined sex were stage 14 through stage 16 (stages of normal series, Yntema, '68). In the 30°C and 26°C combination, the temperature sensitive stages for sex determination were stage 14 through stage 19.

Death fantasies of father-absent and father-present late adolescents.

Parental perceptions of father-absent and father-present late adolescents were studied by having them create stories to selected pictures from the Thematic Apperception Test and the Michigan Pictures Test. Ratings on the manifest thematic content of the stories revealed that father-present females, but not males, introduced themes of death and loss involving the parents with significantly greater frequency than did late adolescents who had actually lost their fathers. One of the tasks of adolescence, as described in psychoanalytic writings, is decathecting internalized parental images.

Effects of incubation temperatures on sexual differentiation in the turtle, Chelydra serpentina.

Eggs of the common snapping turtle, Chelydra serpentina, were incubated at constant temperatures ranging from 20°C to 30°C, At hatching, the oviducts were absent or incomplete in males; the testes were differentiated. In females at hatching, the oviduct was intact hut in some cases the gonad retained bisexual characteristics. Three months after hatching, the ovary was differentiated and contained follicles.

Auxin: its role in genetic tumor induction.

Seedlings of the tumor-prone amphiploid Nicotiana suaveolens X N. langsdorffii were grown on nutrient medium supplemented with indoleacetic acid (IAA) and scored at regular intervals for the incidence of tumor formation. IAA at 2 x 10(-5)m caused a significant reduction in the rate of tumor formation.

Primary umbilical adenocarcinoma. A case report and review of literature.

A case of primary adenocarcinoma of the umbilicus is reported along with a review of the literature and discussion of possible origins of glandular tissue within this area. Multiple connections are present within the umbilicus (vascular, lymphatic, and embryologic) that may give this area access to metastatic lesions. The primary tumors may originate within the usual umbilical tissue (skin and soft tissue).

Survival of skin allografts following embryonic limb bud transplants in the turtle, Chelydra serpentina.

Allografts of skin were observed in Chelydra serpentina. The response to these grafts was modified by a previous transplantation of a limb bud at an early embryonic stage. When the same donor was used for all transplants, the first skin graft was accepted by the host.

Incidence and progress of rejection of embryonic limb bud transplants in the turtle, Chelydra serpentina.

Allografts of embryonic limb buds were grafted orthotopically on embryos of Chelydra serpentina. Donors were from a different geographic area, the same geographic area, or siblings. The initial indication of rejection was excessive sloughing of epidermis.

Endogenous levels of auxin and tumorigenesis in a Nicotiana amphiploid.

Young seedlings of the tumor-prone amphiploid Nicotiana suaveolens X N. langsdorffii were grown aseptically on nutrient medium in a controlled environment chamber. At regular intervals after the seeds had been sown, the incidence of tumor formation was scored and plants were harvested.

Efficacy of dantrolene sodium in the treatment of spasticity.

Dantrolene sodium was effective in controlling spasticity and improving function in 11 of 13 patients taking part in a 14-week double-blind crossover study. Clonus and lower-extremity tendon jerks were reduced in almost all patients (10 and 11 respectively) during dantrolene sodium therapy at 200 to 400 mg/day. Activities of daily living showed marked improvement in 3 cases and moderate improvement in 8.

Analysis of T-wave abnormalities associated with myocardial infarction using a theoretic model.

The physiological basis of serial T-wave abnormalities associated with myocardial infarction was studied. After coronary artery ligation in dogs, ventricular functional refractory periods (FRPs) were measured at five to eight epicardial, intramural, and endocardial sites. FRPs measured during acute ischemia shortened an average of 26 msec.

AUTORADIOGRAPHIC STUDY OF SUGAR AND AMINO ACID ABSORPTION BY EVERTED SACS OF HAMSTER INTESTINE.

Autoradiographs were prepared from frozen sections of everted sacs of hamster jejunum which had been incubated in vitro with C(14)- or H(3)-labeled sugars and amino acids. When such tissue was incubated in 1 mM solutions of L-valine or L-methionine, columnar absorptive cells at tips of villi accumulated these amino acids to concentrations ranging from 5 to 50 millimoles per liter of cells. Quantitative data were obtained by microdensitometry of C(14) autoradiographs.