224,614 results match your criteria: "Upper GI Tract"

Ampullary carcinoma (AC) of the intestinal type represents a distinct variant within the broader category of ampullary neoplasms. The scarcity of pertinent cellular models has constrained investigations centered on this particular malignancy. This research effectively generated a cell line (CL) of intestinal-type AC (DPC-X3).

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Isolated gastric Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) occurs extremely rarely in adults. We characterized the clinicopathological and molecular genetics of this rare entity. We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathologic and prognostic features of 3 patients with isolated gastric LCH during the past 10 years, with a review of an additional 20 patients from the literature.

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Introduction: Helicobacter pylori exhibit considerable genetic diversity, especially in the cagA gene, which is prone to rearrangement, affecting gastric pathology. This study aims to identify changes in the cagA EPIYA motif patterns and gastric pathology during long-term colonization and to explore how factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, gender, and age influence these changes.

Methods: Paired formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) gastric biopsies from 100 H.

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This study aims to investigate the effect and potential mechanism of Polygonati Rhizoma aqueous extract in protecting mice from gastric mucosal injury(stomach Yin deficiency). ICR mice were administrated with the mixture of pungent substance extract and alcohol by gavage once a day for 6 weeks to establish the mouse model of gastric mucosal injury with gastric Yin deficiency. The modeled mice were randomized into three groups of model and Polygonati Rhizoma aqueous extract administrated at 0.

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This study aims to decipher the mechanism of the broth of Codonopsis Radix fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum(FCR) on the gastric mucosa in the rat model of acute gastric ulcer. A total of 64 SD rats were randomized into 8 groups: control, model, positive control(omeprazole), probiotic, unfermented Codonopsis Radix, and low-, medium-and high-dose FCR, with 8 rats in each group. The rat model of acute gastric ulcer was established by gavage with anhydrous ethanol.

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Release-modulating mechanism and comparative pharmacokinetics in beagle dogs of bethanechol-loaded oral dosage forms.

Int J Pharm

December 2024

Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea; Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Bethanechol chloride (BTC), a quaternary ammonium compound used in bladder dysfunction treatment, requires challenges in developing optimal oral dosage forms due to its high water-solubility, short half-life, rapid elimination and four times a day administration. The aim of this study was to develop optimal BTC-loaded oral dosage forms that could provide both rapid onset and sustained therapeutic effects while reducing the frequency of conventional four-times-daily dosing (Mytonin® tablets). Four different BTC-loaded oral dosage forms were designed including gastro-retentive tablet (GRT), controlled-release tablet (CRT), bilayer tablet (BLT), and tablet-in-tablet (TIT).

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Infrahyoid Myocutaneous Flaps with Common Wall of Hypopharyngeal and Esophageal Serosas for Voice Rehabilitation After Total Laryngectomy.

J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

December 2024

ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Importance: Patients who undergo total laryngectomy lose the voice function permanently. It is important to reconstruct the voice function of the patients after total laryngectomy.

Objective: To explore a novel method for voice rehabilitation by suturing infrahyoid myocutaneous flaps to the hypopharyngeal and esophageal serosas after total laryngectomy and investigate its clinical efficacy.

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Background: Simulation training has become part of medical student education, however endoscopy simulators have mostly been reserved for speciality training. Evidence suggests that simulation training has the potential to educate future doctors about endoscopy procedures and improve their communication with patients. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an endoscopic procedure that is technically challenging and poorly understood by medical students.

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Schwannomas commonly occur in the head and neck region but are rarely seen in the gastrointestinal tract; the stomach and small intestine are the most commonly involved sites. These tumors are usually misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) before histopathological confirmation due to radiological similarity. GI schwannomas show positivity for S100 protein and vimentin but are negative for CD 117 and CD 34, which helps in differentiating the tumor from GISTs.

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Background: Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs) are chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorders characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms and eosinophilic inflammation in specific regions of the gastrointestinal tract. "Eosinophilic gastritis" (EoG) refers to the condition in which the stomach is involved. In patients with EoG, approved treatment options are restricted despite the high mortality associated with the condition.

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Exploring the relaxation effects of Coptis chinensis and berberine on the lower esophageal sphincter: potential strategies for LES motility disorders.

BMC Complement Med Ther

December 2024

Department of Pediatrics, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No. 1, Yi-Da Road, Yan-Chao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan, R.O.C..

Background: Esophageal achalasia, a primary disorder impacting the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), presents symptoms such as dysphagia, regurgitation, chest pain, and weight loss. Traditional treatments, including calcium channel blockers and nitrates, offer limited relief, prompting exploration into alternative therapies. This study examines the efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), focusing on Coptis chinensis (C.

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Enhanced Cross-stage-attention U-Net for esophageal target volume segmentation.

BMC Med Imaging

December 2024

Laboratory of Image Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Technology and Its Interdisciplinary Applications, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Sipailou 2, Nanjing, P.R. China.

Purpose: The segmentation of target volume and organs at risk (OAR) was a significant part of radiotherapy. Specifically, determining the location and scale of the esophagus in simulated computed tomography images was difficult and time-consuming primarily due to its complex structure and low contrast with the surrounding tissues. In this study, an Enhanced Cross-stage-attention U-Net was proposed to solve the segmentation problem for the esophageal gross tumor volume (GTV) and clinical tumor volume (CTV) in CT images.

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Risk factors for gastric mucosa lesion in critically ill patients undergoing endoscopy for percutaneous gastrostomy: a case-control study.

BMC Gastroenterol

December 2024

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medyków 14, Katowice, 40-752, Poland.

Background: Pharmacologic prophylaxis for gastric ulcer is commonly prescribed in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of the study was to assess the current prevalence and risk factors for gastric mucosa lesion in ICU patients receiving standard pharmacologic prophylaxis undergoing endoscopy for percutaneous gastrostomy implantation.

Methods: Patients hospitalized in the mixed medical-surgical ICU undergoing percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) were analyzed.

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The infant gut is immature and permeable with high gastric pH, low protease activities and underdeveloped intestinal architecture. Protein digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract of infants is slow and incomplete. During manufacture, infant milk formula (IMF) is typically heat-treated so it is safe for human consumption.

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BACKGROUND Brunneromas are among the rarest benign tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract. They arise from the Brunner's glands and patients have a good prognosis if treated timely and radically. Because symptoms are rare, their diagnosis can be challenging, especially regarding the smaller ones.

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Diagnostic performance of biopsy-based methods for determination of Helicobacter pylori infection in dyspeptic Mozambican patients.

J Infect Dev Ctries

November 2024

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative bacterium capable of colonizing the human stomach, which can lead to various gastrointestinal conditions. Several invasive and non-invasive methods exist for diagnosing H.

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[EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS: MUCH MORE IS UNKNOWN YET THAN DISCOVERED].

Harefuah

December 2024

Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Clinic, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit in collaboration with Immunology and Allergy Unit, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa.

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the esophagus, which is mediated by Th2 cells that could start at any age, from early childhood to adulthood. The pathogenesis of the disease is not fully understood, but apparently it consists of a combined interaction between hereditary and environmental factors. Over the years, EoE has become an increasingly diagnosed disease in the context of esophageal symptoms.

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Artificial Intelligence-Based Classification of Anatomical Sites in Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Images.

Int J Gen Med

December 2024

State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Endoscopy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China.

Background: A full examination of gastrointestinal tract is an essential prerequisite for effectively detecting gastrointestinal lesions. However, there is a lack of efficient tools to analyze and recognize gastric anatomy locations, preventing the complete portrayal of entire stomach. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence in identifying gastric anatomy sites by analyzing esophagogastroduodenoscopy images.

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Endoscopic gastric remodeling (EGR) and anti-obesity medications (AOMs) are effective weight loss therapies. While the efficacy of EGR and AOMs has been established, the effect of combination therapy and its optimal approach remain unknown. This was a single-center retrospective review of prospectively collected data from patients who underwent EGR.

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Objective: Detailed study of the morphological characteristics of autoimmune gastritis (AIG), assessment of the possibilities and prospects for morphological diagnosis of this disease.

Material And Methods: The study included 63 patients with AIG and 25 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis, who were examined in the clinics of Sechenov University from 2021 to 2023.

Results: During the study, it was found that in biopsies of the antrum of the stomach in 90.

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The Aging Stomach: Clinical Implications of Infection in Older Adults-Challenges and Strategies for Improved Management.

Int J Mol Sci

November 2024

Department of Medicine, Academy of Applied Medical and Social Sciences-AMiSNS: Akademia Medycznych I Spolecznych Nauk Stosowanych, 82-330 Elbląg, Poland.

Aging is a multifactorial biological process characterized by a decline in physiological function and increasing susceptibility to various diseases, including malignancies and gastrointestinal disorders. Helicobacter pylori () infection is highly prevalent among older adults, particularly those in institutionalized settings, contributing to conditions such as atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric carcinoma. This review examines the intricate interplay between aging, gastrointestinal changes, and pathogenesis.

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Background: Laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) is still limited because intracorporeal oesophagojejunostomy is technically demanding and difficult in laparoscopic gastrectomy. Circular-stapled anastomosis is considered the "gold standard" method for oesophagojejunostomy in open total gastrectomy. A purse-string suture instrument is used to create a purse-string suture along the distal oesophagus as a standard technique for classic circular-stapled oesophagojejunostomy in the open total gastrectomy.

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The intestinal microbiota is increasingly recognized as a crucial player in the development and maintenance of various chronic conditions, including obesity and associated metabolic diseases. While most research focuses on the fecal microbiota due to its easier accessibility, the small intestine, as a major site for nutrient sensing and absorption, warrants further investigation to determine its microbiota composition and functions. Here, we conducted a clinical research project in 30 age- and sex-matched participants with ( = 15) and without ( = 15) obesity.

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Background: Chronic biliary disease, including cholangitis and cholecystitis, is attributed to ascending infection by intestinal bacteria. Development of a mouse model for bile duct inflammation is imperative for the advancement of novel therapeutic approaches. Current models fail to replicate the harmful bacterial influx to the biliary tract observed in humans and spread of inflammation to the liver.

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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Children with Autism.

Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat

December 2024

Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

Purpose: This research aimed to explore the clinical efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in treating children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods: In this single-arm prospective study, every participant received FMT therapy, followed by an 8-week follow-up. Children unable to swallow lyophilized capsules (Caps) received fecal solution through transendoscopic enteral tube (TET) or nasal jejunal tube (NJT) approaches.

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