Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in MMP3, TIMP1, and MTR Genes are Associated With Delayed Deciduous Tooth Eruption.

To analyze whether the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Matrix metalloproteinases 2, 3, and 9 (MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9), Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases 1 and 2 (TIMP1 and TIMP2), methionine synthase (MTR) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) influence delayed deciduous tooth eruption (DDTE). This cross-sectional study included 1060 biologic unrelated children (aged between 6 and 36 months) of both sexes, selected from 25 public schools in Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Oral examination was conducted and DDTE was defined by the absence of gingival eruption according to a chronology based on the Brazilian population.

Frequency and variability of nonmetric dental crown traits of primary and permanent molars in a group of orthodontic patients.

Background: The present study aimed to assess the frequency and variation of 13 nonmetric dental crown traits (NDCT) in permanent and primary molars in German orthodontic patients.

Methods: Dental records from orthodontic patients were screened and evaluated. First and second permanent and primary upper and lower molars (from left and right sides) were assessed.

Exploring the sex-associated differences in molars fused roots.

Background: Human sexual dimorphism is associated with many biological characteristics, including dental variables.

Objectives: To investigate if molars fused roots present sex-associated differences.

Methods: Panoramic radiographs were used to investigate the frequency and distribution of permanent molars fused roots.

Oral Cleft Related-Genes may be Involved in Root Curvature of Maxillary Lateral Incisors.

The maxilla is formed by the medial nasal and maxillary processes fusion. The dental lamina develops from 2 origins connecting in the lateral incisor. The maxillary lateral incisor region is often affected by dental anomalies and clefting.

Assessing the prevalence of S-shaped root canal and associated genes in humans.

Background: Multiple signaling molecules have been shown to play crucial roles in dental root development. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of S-shaped roots and also to investigate, if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in BMP2, BMP4 and SMAD6 are associated with this phenotype in humans.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional phenotype-genotype association study that used radiographs to determine the phenotypes and DNA to investigate SNPs in candidate genes.

Genetic variants in bone morphogenetic proteins signaling pathway might be involved in palatal rugae phenotype in humans.

This study investigated, if genetic variants in BMP2, BMP4 and SMAD6 are associated with variations in the palatal rugae pattern in humans. Dental casts and genomic DNA from 75 patients were evaluated. Each patient was classified as follows: total amount of rugae; bilateral symmetry in the amount, length and shape of the palatal rugae; presence of secondary or fragmentary palatal rugae; presence of unifications; predominant shape; and predominant direction of the palatal rugae.