Janus kinase inhibitors and their use in non-infectious orbital inflammatory disorders: new treatment possibilities? A case series.

We present a patient with isolated autoimmune anterior scleritis and a patient with nonspecific orbital inflammation (NSOI). Both patients were treated with systemic corticosteroids during multiple recurrences, with the addition of various disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), including biologics, in the case of scleritis, resulting in complications and local adverse events. Both patients were subsequently effectively managed using Janus kinase inhibitors (JAK-i), specifically baricitinib and tofacitinib without relapses of inflammation during the follow-up of more than one year.

Presentations of children to emergency departments across Europe and the COVID-19 pandemic: A multinational observational study.

Background: During the initial phase of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, reduced numbers of acutely ill or injured children presented to emergency departments (EDs). Concerns were raised about the potential for delayed and more severe presentations and an increase in diagnoses such as diabetic ketoacidosis and mental health issues. This multinational observational study aimed to study the number of children presenting to EDs across Europe during the early COVID-19 pandemic and factors influencing this and to investigate changes in severity of illness and diagnoses.

Febrile children with comorbidities at the emergency department - a multicentre observational study.

Unlabelled: We aimed to describe characteristics and management of children with comorbidities attending European emergency departments (EDs) with fever. MOFICHE (Management and Outcome of Fever in children in Europe) is a prospective multicentre study (12 European EDs, 8 countries). Febrile children with comorbidities were compared to those without in terms of patient characteristics, markers of disease severity, management, and diagnosis.

Patients-centered SurvivorShIp care plan after Cancer treatments based on Big Data and Artificial Intelligence technologies (PERSIST): a multicenter study protocol to evaluate efficacy of digital tools supporting cancer survivors.

Background: It is encouraging to see a substantial increase in individuals surviving cancer. Even more so since most of them will have a positive effect on society by returning to work. However, many cancer survivors have unmet needs, especially when it comes to improving their quality of life (QoL).

Variation in hospital admission in febrile children evaluated at the Emergency Department (ED) in Europe: PERFORM, a multicentre prospective observational study.

Objectives: Hospitalisation is frequently used as a marker of disease severity in observational Emergency Department (ED) studies. The comparison of ED admission rates is complex in potentially being influenced by the characteristics of the region, ED, physician and patient. We aimed to study variation in ED admission rates of febrile children, to assess whether variation could be explained by disease severity and to identify patient groups with large variation, in order to use this to reduce unnecessary health care utilization that is often due to practice variation.

Development and validation of a prediction model for invasive bacterial infections in febrile children at European Emergency Departments: MOFICHE, a prospective observational study.

Objectives: To develop and cross-validate a multivariable clinical prediction model to identify invasive bacterial infections (IBI) and to identify patient groups who might benefit from new biomarkers.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: 12 emergency departments (EDs) in 8 European countries.

Recommendations from the United European Gastroenterology evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and therapy of chronic pancreatitis.

Background: In collaboration with United European Gastroenterology, the working group on 'Harmonizing diagnosis and treatment of chronic pancreatitis across Europe' (HaPanEU) developed European guidelines for the management of chronic pancreatitis using an evidence-based approach.

Methods: Recommendations of multidisciplinary review groups based on systematic literature reviews to answer predefined clinical questions are summarised. Recommendations are graded using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system.

Assessment of Early Cardiovascular Risk in Children and Adolescents with Essential Hypertension.

The aim of our study was to investigate some early markers of hypertensive target organ damage in hypertensive children and adolescents, and to detect those showing most prominent clinical significance. We included 100 children with essential hypertension (EH) and 50 age-matched healthy control children, and evaluated left ventricular mass (LVM), intima-media thickness in the carotid arteries (IMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV), microalbuminuria, biochemical parameters and some adipokines. Statistically significant differences between the 2 groups were observed for HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, uric acid, glucose, apolipoprotein A1, and total adiponectin.

The natural history of endometrial polyps.

Study Question: What is the natural history of endometrial polyps in women who are managed expectantly?

Summary Answer: The growth rates of expectantly managed polyps vary considerably and cannot be accurately predicted.

What Is Known Already: The majority of polyps detected on ultrasound are treated surgically, and therefore little is known about their natural history. Some polyps have been reported to regress spontaneously without the need for treatment; however, the factors predictive of regression are unknown.

Intracranial Thrombus Morphology and Composition Undergoes Time-Dependent Changes in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A CT Densitometry Study.

The aim of our study was to assess whether cerebral artery clots undergo time-dependent morphological and compositional changes in acute ischemic stroke. We performed a retrospective chart review of patients admitted within 5 h from symptom onset to three European stroke centers and evaluated non-contrast-enhanced CT (NECT) for hyperdense artery signs (HAS) in 2565 scans. The occlusion site, density of HAS expressed in Hounsfield units (HU), area of HAS, and relative density (rHU) (HU clot/HU non-affected artery) were studied and related to time from symptom onset, clinical severity, stroke etiology, and laboratory parameters.

Sigmoid Sinus Characteristics Correlate with Early Clinical and Imaging Surrogates in Anterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke.

Cerebral venous outflow may play a decisive role in acute ischemic stroke. Here, we assessed the relation of cerebral sinus vein characteristics with clinical and imaging surrogates of early outcome in acute ischemic stroke. We evaluated cerebral vein characteristics in 212 patients with the middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusive stroke confirmed by CT angiography CTA within 6 h from symptom onset.

Antiplatelet Usage Impacts Clot Density in Acute Anterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke.

We explored whether clot density in middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion is related to clinical variables, stroke etiology, blood constituents, and prestroke medication. We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with acute ischemic stroke of the anterior circulation admitted to two Central European stroke centers. The acquisition of non-contrast enhanced CT (NECT) and CT angiography (CTA) within 4.

Analyzing disease recurrence with missing at risk information.

When analyzing time to disease recurrence, we sometimes need to work with data where all the recurrences are recorded, but no information is available on the possible deaths. This may occur when studying diseases of benign nature where patients are only seen at disease recurrences or in poorly-designed registries of benign diseases or medical device implantations without sufficient patient identifiers to obtain their dead/alive status at a later date. When the average time to disease recurrence is long enough in comparison with the expected survival of the patients, statistical analysis of such data can be significantly biased.

[Characteristics of mass chemical disasters].

Every day we are encountering different hazardous material which characteristics are more or less unknown. Due to increased technological development in chemical industry there is evident increase of new hazardous materials. With this fact and with the evident change in terrorist philosophy there is a greater chance for mass casualty incident occurrence.

Spontaneous rupture of a normal spleen following bronchoplastic left lung lower lobectomy.

Rupture of the spleen is a common event associated with trauma, infectious diseases, neoplasia and many systemic disorders affecting the reticuloendothelial system. A rare subtype of rupture occurring spontaneously and arising from a normal spleen was recognized as a distinct clinicopathologic entity. It has been reported in association with trivial insults such as vomiting and coughing.

[Intra-articular fractures of the distal humerus].

The authors analysed 79 patients with intraarticular fracture of the distal end of the humerus, treated during the past 5 years. Seventeen patients were treated by conservative methods, and 62 by surgery. Of the latter, 23 required emergency operations.

[Importance of measurement of systemic oxygen transport and tissue oxygenation in the treatment of acute respiratory insufficiency].

The patients with acute respiratory failure of different etiology are presented. The results of hemodynamic measurements together with those of oxygen transport and tissue oxygenation are given. The results reveal that in hypovolemic shock the transport system of oxygen and tissue oxygenation have been soon normalized by adequate therapy.

[Extra-articular fractures of the distal humerus].

In our study we examined the patients with extraarticular fractures in five years period: from 1984 to 1987. Most of them were treated operatively (76%). The good results highly correlated with the early timing of operation, the best results are seen in cases, which are operated urgently or in the first week after injury.