Recent Advances in Perioperative Analgesia in Thoracic Surgery: A Narrative Review.

Thoracic surgery is associated with significant postoperative pain, which can hinder recovery and elevate morbidity risks. Traditionally, epidural anesthesia has been the cornerstone for pain management, but its drawbacks including technical challenges, side effects, and complications necessitate exploring alternative methods. This narrative review examined recent advances in perioperative analgesic strategies in thoracic surgery, focusing on regional anesthetic techniques like paravertebral blocks (PVBs), erector spinae plane blocks (ESPBs), intercostal blocks, and serratus anterior blocks.

Change in fatigue in patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease initiating biologic therapy.

Background: Fatigue is common among patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and is associated with decreased quality of life (QoL).

Aims: Describe fatigue evolution and identify factors associated with fatigue outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) initiating biologic treatment.

Methods: Data from adult Belgian patients with UC or CD enrolled in a prospective real-world study were utilized.

Resveratrol and capsaicin as safer radiosensitizers for colorectal cancer compared to 5-fluorouracil.

Background And Aim: Standard rectal cancer treatment includes neoadjuvant radiotherapy sensitized by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy. However, 5-FU increased chemoradiotherapy response rate comes with significant toxicity, especially in older, frail patients. The development of alternatives to chemotherapy enabling radiosensitization with limited systemic toxicity is therefore needed to improve patient management.

Focusing on the Dark Side of the Moon: Involvement of the Nonlesional Skin in Vitiligo.

Research over the last decade has revealed that the normally pigmented skin of patients with vitiligo is not normal at all, as evidenced by alterations in cutaneous morphology and modifications in cellular and metabolic functions that ultimately drive immune activation against melanocytes. Furthermore, nonlesional skin is in a state of subclinical inflammation until triggered by internal and/or external exposomal events. Therefore, targeting early processes that drive immune dysregulation in normally pigmented skin may avoid or reduce melanocyte loss.

The Neuroprotective Effect of the X Protein of Orthobornavirus Bornaense Type 1 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), early mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to progressive motor neuron loss. Remarkably, the ectopic expression of the Orthobornavirus bornaense type 1 (BoDV-1) X protein in mitochondria blocks apoptosis and protects neurons from degeneration. Therefore, this study examines the neuroprotective effects of X protein in an ALS mouse model.

Computational and digital analyses in the INSPIRE mouse cohort to define sex-specific functional determinants of biological aging.

Biological age, which reflects the physiological state of an individual, offers a better predictive value than chronological age for age-related diseases and mortality. Nonetheless, determining accurate functional features of biological age remains challenging due to the multifactorial nature of aging. Here, we established a unique mouse cohort comprising 1576 male and female outbred SWISS mice subjected or not to high-fat, high-sucrose diet to investigate multiorgan/system biological aging throughout adulthood.

2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation.

In the last three decades, ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become an evidence-based safe and efficacious treatment for managing the most common cardiac arrhythmia. In 2007, the first joint expert consensus document was issued, guiding healthcare professionals involved in catheter or surgical AF ablation. Mounting research evidence and technological advances have resulted in a rapidly changing landscape in the field of catheter and surgical AF ablation, thus stressing the need for regularly updated versions of this partnership which were issued in 2012 and 2017.

Diagnosing american bison pregnancy during its two last trimesters: Comparison between rectal palpation associated with ultrasonography and hormonal assays in serum or in feces.

The study aimed to propose sensitive, specific and easy pregnancy diagnosis for American Bison. Trans-rectal Palpation and Ultrasonography (TRPUS), concentration of Pregnancy Associated Glycoproteins (PAG), Progesterone (P4), Estrone (E1), Estrone-Sulfate (E1S) in serum and P4 and E1S in feces were compared. Immunoassay was used for PAG, whereas steroids were assayed using Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry.

Bridging the Gap: Remote Evaluation and Programming of Cardiac Implantable Devices in Medically Underserved Areas.

Background: Delivering care in medically underserved areas (MUA) is a public health challenge.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the advantages of a noncommercial multivendor solution for remote interrogation and programming of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) among inhabitants of MUAs.

Methods: This prospective comparative study evaluated benefits and safety of remote CIEDs evaluation in patients living >100 km from the Bordeaux University Hospital.

Specific and Polyfunctional T Cell Response Against -Methyl-d-aspartate Receptor in an Autoantibody-Mediated Encephalitis Model.

Background: Anti--Methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) autoimmune encephalitis (NMDAR AE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by severe psychiatric and neurological symptoms. While the pathogenic role of antibodies (Abs) directed against the GluN1 subunit of NMDAR is well described in this disease, the immune mechanisms involved in the generation of the autoimmune B cell response, especially the role of T helper cells, are poorly understood. Previously, we developed a B-cell-mediated mouse model of NMDAR AE by immunization with a GluN1 peptide that drives a series of symptoms that recapitulate AE such as anxiety behaviour and spatial memory impairment.

Automated classification of cerebral arteries and veins in the neonate using ultrafast doppler spectrogram.

Cerebral arterial and venous flow (A/V) classification is a key parameter for understanding dynamic changes in neonatal brain perfusion. Currently, transfontanellar ultrasound Doppler imaging is the reference clinical technique able to discriminate between A/V using vascular indices such as resistivity index (RI) or pulsatility index (PI). However, under conditions of slow arterial and venular flow, small signal fluctuations can lead to potential misclassifications of vessels.

Environmental impact of the enhanced recovery pathway in colorectal surgery: A simulation study.

Aim: Most of the literature on the environmental impact of surgery has analysed operating theatre practice in terms of its contribution to global warming (by greenhouse gas effects). The aim of this study was to assess the overall environmental impact of a complete perioperative pathway with and without implementation of an enhanced recovery programme (ERP).

Method: We compared two scenarios: an ERP scenario and a conventional scenario (CONV) for colorectal surgery.

Original salivary sex hormone data of naturally menstruating athletes and hormonal contraceptive users.

Objectives: There is a lack of data on salivary sex hormones across the menstrual cycle (MC) or hormonal contraceptive (HC) cycle of elite athletes. We aimed to provide original data on salivary sex hormones (17β-estradiol, progesterone and free testosterone) in naturally menstruating female athletes with a regular cycle or irregular cycle and using combined HC. A secondary purpose was to compare these data with published data from the general population according to the menstrual status (MC or HC or irregularly menstruating).

Hospitalization for SARS-CoV-2 and the risk of self-harm readmission: a French nationwide retrospective cohort study.

Aims: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on the risk of self-harming behaviours warrants further investigation. Here, we hypothesized that people with a history of hospitalization for self-harm may be particularly at risk of readmission in case of SARS-CoV-2 hospitalization.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis based on the French national hospitalization database.

[Cognitive function groups in older people and risk factors].

Background: Risk stratification for cognitive impairment in communities originated from autopsies in cognitively healthy individuals. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) incorporates subjective and objective cognitive function (CF) measures to explore neurocognitive disorders (NCD). It can be applied in communities to explore the factors that may influence positively or negatively.

Pharmacological Pain Treatment in Older Persons.

Pharmacological pain treatment in older persons is presented by a multi-disciplinary group of European pain experts. Drugs recommended for acute or chronic nociceptive pain, also for neuropathic pain and the routes of administration of choice are the same as those prescribed for younger persons but comorbidities and polypharmacy in older persons increase the risk of adverse effects and drug interactions. Not all drugs are available or authorised in all European countries.