Bacteriophage manipulation of the microbiome associated with tumour microenvironments-can this improve cancer therapeutic response?

Some cancer treatment failures have been attributed to the tumour microbiota, with implications that microbiota manipulation may improve treatment efficacy. While antibiotics have been used to control bacterial growth, their dysbiotic effects on the microbiome, failure to penetrate biofilms and decreased efficacy due to increasing antimicrobial resistance by bacteria, suggest alternatives are needed. Bacteriophages may provide a precise means for targeting oncobacteria whose relative abundance is increased in tumour tissue microbiomes.

Tooth mousse containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate prevents biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans.

Background: Streptococcus mutans is a common cariogenic bacterium in the oral cavity involved in plaque formation. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) has been introduced into tooth mousse to encourage remineralization of dental enamel. The aim of this research was to study the effect of tooth mousse containing CPP-ACP (GC Tooth Mousse®) or CPP-ACP with 0.

LL-37-mediated activation of host receptors is critical for defense against group A streptococcal infection.

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) causes diverse human diseases, including life-threatening soft-tissue infections. It is accepted that the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 protects the host by killing GAS. Here, we show that GAS extracellular protease ScpC N-terminally cleaves LL-37 into two fragments of 8 and 29 amino acids, preserving its bactericidal activity.

Periodontal Status Among Schoolchildren in the Republic of Moldova: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the Pathfinder Study Design.

Objectives: To screen a sample of Moldavian schoolchildren to establish their periodontal condition using the Pathfinder study design of the World Health Organization (WHO).

Methods: Two cohorts - 12- and 15-year schoolchildren - were screened in 12 schools around the country: four schools in the capital city; four more schools in two other larger cities (two schools in each city); and four village schools (one school in each village). In addition to demographic data, the periodontal parameters dental plaque, calculus and bleeding on probing (BOP) were collected.

Supportive care of cancer patients with a self-applied photobiomodulation device: a case series.

Purpose: Oral mucositis (OM) and prolonged wound healing are common side-effects of cancer treatments. Photobiomodulation (PBM), previously called low-level laser, is currently part of the official guideline for OM prevention. However, all the PBM protocols relate to office-based devices, operated by professional health caregivers, requiring frequent applications.

Photobiomodulation (low-level laser) therapy for immediate pain relief of persistent oral ulcers in chronic graft-versus-host disease.

Purpose: To determine the immediate pain-relieving effect of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMt) in patients with oral ulcers of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) refractory to first line therapy with topical corticosteroids.

Methods: This retrospective study included all patients who underwent PBMt for pain relief of refractory oral cGVHD lesions. PBMt was applied using an intraoral approach to all sites with mucosal lesions, using a 940 nm InGaAsP diode laser device, with the following parameters: pulsed modulation (duty cycle of 50%), power 0.

Impaction of maxillary canines and its effect on the position of adjacent teeth and canine development: A cone-beam computed tomography study.

Introduction: The purposes of this study were to characterize the 3-dimensional position of teeth adjacent to impacted canines and examine whether impaction affects canine development using cone-beam computed tomography.

Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography images of 34 unilateral maxillary impacted canines (12 males, 22 females; mean age, 16.5 years) were collected.

New International Classification of Orofacial Pain: What Is in It For Endodontists?

Pain is a common symptom in endodontic conditions, but differential diagnostic procedures are often needed to exclude other pain origins. Thus, general dentists and endodontists need to be aware of alternative painful orofacial conditions and be able to identify them. The new International Classification of Orofacial Pain (ICOP) is the first comprehensive classification that uniquely deals with orofacial pain.

The Incidence and Nature of Malpractice Claims against Dentists for Orthodontic Treatment with Periodontal Damage in Israel during the Years 2005-2018-A Descriptive Study.

In recent years, dental malpractice claims have increased dramatically worldwide. The purpose of the present study is to analyze claims related to orthodontic treatment involving periodontal problems that resulted in legal decisions in Israel. This study analyzed legal claims registered by Medical Consultants International (MCI) between 2005 and 2018.

Laser Tooth Preparation for Pit and Fissure Sealing.

Various approaches are available for pit and fissure sealing, including: the use of sealants, with or without mechanical preparation; the use of etching, with or without bonding; and the use of lasers as an alternative to mechanical preparation. The objective of this study is to evaluate pit and fissure sealing by comparing the retention and microleakage of sealants, between mechanical and Er:Yag laser enamel preparation. Sixty extracted sound third molars are classified into six groups: A, bur mechanical preparation and sealant application; B, bur mechanical preparation, etching and sealant; C, bur mechanical preparation, etching, bonding and sealant; D, laser mechanical preparation and sealant; E, laser mechanical preparation, etching and sealant application; F, laser mechanical preparation, etching, bonding, and sealant.

Inhalation Sedation During the COVID-19 Outbreak: An Expert Opinion.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the pathogen that causes coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), is thought to be transmitted via droplets and aerosols, and was detected in saliva of infected individuals. These droplets from the upper airway may infect the inhalation sedation mask and tubing. The authors determined the adequate measures needed to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 by nitrous-oxide (N2O) system during inhalation sedation in dentistry and provided evidence on mask and tubing sterilization.

Zirconia crown performance in primary maxillary anterior teeth: a retrospective photographic and radiographic cohort study.

Purpose: This retrospective cohort observational study evaluated marginal integrity, gingival health and aesthetics of zirconia crowns (ZC) placed on primary maxillary anterior teeth at 6- to over 30-month follow-up visits.

Methods: Two independent raters evaluated radiographic and photographic findings in 131 ZC placed in 36 children aged 24.8-62.

Caries prevalence among 18 years old, an epidemiological survey in Israel.

Background: There is a lack of evidence on caries prevalence among 18 years old Israeli young adults with only a scarce evidence regarding this index age group. In the last few years dental care policy in Israel underwent substantial changes and a major reform in dental services was led by the Israeli Ministry of Health, including coverage of dental care for children by the state. In addition, a cessation of community water fluoridation was in a debate.

Colon Cancer-Associated May Originate From the Oral Cavity and Reach Colon Tumors via the Circulatory System.

is a common oral bacterium that is enriched in colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas (CRC). In humans, high fusobacterial CRC abundance is associated with chemoresistance and poor prognosis. In animal models, fusobacteria accelerate CRC progression.

Plaque Removal by a Powered Toothbrush Versus a Manual Toothbrush in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relative plaque reduction efficacy of powered versus manual toothbrushes in children. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted based on a literature search that included Medline, Embase, FDA publications, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Dentistry and Oral Science, and Berman Medical Library, Hebrew University. Studies were chosen that were randomized controlled trials and published between 1980 to 2019 in English that compared plaque reduction with manual and powered toothbrushes in children.

Oral verruciform xanthoma in chronic graft-versus-host disease patients.

Background: Verruciform xanthoma (VX) is an uncommon benign epithelial lesion which mainly appears in inflamed oral epithelium. In this study, our aim was to present new cases of oral VX (OVX) in chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) and review the literature.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of cGVHD patients (2012-2019) to reveal cases of OVX.

Developing a Mobile App (iGAM) to Promote Gingival Health by Professional Monitoring of Dental Selfies: User-Centered Design Approach.

Background: Dental visits are unpleasant; sometimes, patients only seek treatment when they are in intolerable pain. Recently, the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the need for remote communication when patients and dentists cannot meet in person. Gingivitis is very common and characterized by red, swollen, bleeding gums.

Severe chronic nonlichenoid oral mucositis in pembrolizumab-treated patients: new cases and a review of the literature.

To report of severe chronic oral mucositis (OM) in two pembrolizumab-treated cancer patients. A retrospective chart review was performed. Inclusion/exclusion criteria detected patients that developed OM during pembrolizumab immunotherapy.

Breast cancer colonization by Fusobacterium nucleatum accelerates tumor growth and metastatic progression.

Fusobacterium nucleatum is an oral anaerobe recently found to be prevalent in human colorectal cancer (CRC) where it is associated with poor treatment outcome. In mice, hematogenous F. nucleatum can colonize CRC tissue using its lectin Fap2, which attaches to tumor-displayed Gal-GalNAc.

An efficient and eco-friendly workflow for dual fingermark processing and STR profiling.

Since its discovery in 1997, DNA retrieved from touched or handled items (touch DNA) has been increasingly used in criminal casework. Depending on the nature of the substrate examined, numerous techniques are being used for fingermark (FM) collection and development, however, it has been shown that FM processing may impede or even prevent the dual analysis of FMs and DNA. In search for a possible solution, we have recently established a novel workflow for a non-destructive collection and eco-friendly visualization of latent FMs using white BVDA gel-lifters and black Wetwop® solution.

Regeneration of grade 3 ankle sprain, using the recombinant human amelogenin protein (rHAM ) in a rat model.

Lateral ligament tears, also known as high-grade ankle sprains, are common, debilitating, and usually heal slowly. Ten to thirty percent of patients continue to suffer from chronic pain and ankle instability even after 3 to 9 months. Previously, we showed that the recombinant human amelogenin (rHAM ) induced regeneration of fully transected rat medial collateral ligament, a common proof-of-concept model.

Diet Practices, Body Mass Index, and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Adults with Periodontitis- A Case-Control Study.

Objectives: To assess and compare dietpractices, body mass index (BMI), and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in adults with and without periodontitis.

Methods: Demographics, health-related behaviors, BMI, dental and periodontal parameters, diet practices, and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) were collected from 62periodontitis patients and 100 controls without periodontitis.

Results: Havingperiodontitis was positively associated with male sex (=0.

An Innovative Treatment Approach Using Digital Workflow and CAD-CAM Part 2: The Restoration of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in Children.

Until recently, the treatment for molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) mainly included interim restorations such as resin restorations and stainless-steel crowns. These require replacement after adolescence. The use of intraoral scanners (IOS) has opened a new venue for restoring MIH teeth, by reducing the challenge of dealing with uncooperative children's behavior and enabling tooth structure preservation and long-lasting restoration.