Impacts of ship emissions and sea-land breeze on urban air quality using chemical characterization, source contribution and dispersion model simulation of PM at Asian seaport.

Fine particulate matter (PM) emitted from marine transportation, bulk materials handling at the docks, and dust dispersion has garnered increased attention, particularly in the interface between port and urban areas. This study explored the inter-transport of PM between Kaohsiung Harbor and neighboring Metro Kaohsiung. Chemical analyses of PM samples from four sites include water-soluble ions, metallic elements, carbons, anhydrosugars, and organic acids to establish PM's chemical fingerprints.

Inter-comparison of chemical characteristics and source apportionment of PM at two harbors in the Philippines and Taiwan.

This study inter-compared the concentration and chemical characteristics of PM at two harbors in East Asia, and identified the potential sources of PM and their contribution. Two sites located at the Kaohsiung (Taiwan) and Manila (the Philippines) Harbors were selected for simultaneous sampling of PM in four seasons. The sampling of 24-h PM was conducted for continuous seven days in each season.