When being unattractive is an advantage: effects of face perception on intuitive culpability judgments.

This experiment explored the influence of facial attractiveness and trustworthiness on guilty judgments. We recruited 128 participants, randomly assigned to high and low time pressure conditions to act as judges in a simulated case. Participants judged nine male faces from the Chicago Face Database with three attractiveness levels (unattractive, neutral and attractive), featuring a 2 × 3 mixed factorial design, with consistent standardized average levels of face trustworthiness.

Reporting of participant race and ethnicity from COVID-19 randomized controlled drug and biologicals trials: a scoping review.

Racial and ethnic minorities have been disproportionally burdened by hospitalization and death due to COVID-19. Participation of individuals of diverse races and ethnicities in clinical trials, according to study-level characteristics of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that test effectiveness of COVID-19 drugs, could be insightful for future researchers. Our objective for this scoping review was to describe the frequency of race and ethnicity reported as demographic variables and specific reporting of race and ethnicity according to COVID-19 RCT characteristics.

Associating faces with names and meals as a biomarker of early AD in cognitively healthy individuals.

The Learning and Associative Memory (LAM) test is a face-name associative memory test created to detect early Alzheimer's disease (AD). In a recent study, it was administered to cognitively healthy individuals with different levels of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau burden. The key findings for LAM were: 1) selective correlations with Aβ levels, 2) unique discriminatory power between A + and A- individuals, 3) significantly higher areas under the curve in receiver operating curve analysis.

From caves to seamounts: the hidden diversity of tetractinellid sponges from the Balearic Islands, with the description of eight new species.

The sponge fauna of the Western Mediterranean stands as one of the most studied in the world. Yet sampling new habitats and a poorly studied region like the Balearic Islands highlights once again our limited knowledge of this group of animals. This work focused on demosponges of the order Tetractinellida collected in several research surveys (2016-2021) on a variety of ecosystems of the Balearic Islands, including shallow caves, seamounts and trawl fishing grounds, in a broad depth range (0-725 m).

Corrigendum: Health status and self-perception of health among homeless people in Spain: A mixed-methods study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.

Understanding spatio-temporal complexity of vegetation using drones, what could we improve?

Unraveling the intricate spatial and temporal complexities of vegetation represents a crucial key to understanding ecosystem functioning. Drones, as cutting-edge technology, hold immense potential in bridging the gap between on-ground measurements and satellite remote sensing data. Nonetheless, a multitude of challenges still looms, with one of the foremost being the nuanced identification of scales that strike a balance between capturing maximum complexity while minimizing measurement errors.

Hydrodynamic conditions of Posidonia oceanica seagrass berm formation and dismantling events.

Seagrass berms are a natural accumulation of seagrass leaves along the shoreline, which play an important role in coastal protection. Seagrass berms have been shown to reduce wave energy, helping to shield the coast from erosion. However, their protective role is debated in coastal management, where there are contrasting views on whether berms should be left in place or removed to improve beach aesthetics or accessibility.

GDF-15 as a proxy for epigenetic aging: associations with biological age markers, and physical function.

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) has emerged as a significant biomarker of aging, linked to various physiological and pathological processes. This study investigates circulating GDF-15 levels in a cohort of healthy individuals from the Balearic Islands, exploring its associations with biological age markers, including multiple DNA methylation (DNAm) clocks, physical performance, and other age-related biomarkers. Seventy-two participants were assessed for general health, body composition, and physical function, with GDF-15 levels quantified using ELISA.

ZIF-8 derived carbon@3D-printed columns as efficient continuous-flow adsorbents of parabens from water.

In this study, we report a novel and cost-effective solution for removing parabens from water by combining MOF-derived porous carbons and 3D printing. In addition to being easy to prepare, the resulting 3D-printed device, with a cube-array structure, can also be fabricated in a robust column format for flow-through extraction of pollutants. Using an in-situ growth method, ZIF-8 MOF was directly deposited onto a 3D-printed device, achieving a stable and durable integration of the MOF onto the device.

Research priorities for antimicrobial stewardship nurses in a middle-income country: a nominal group technique study.

Background: Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have become important strategies for addressing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Despite the increasing number of international publications identifying the important roles played by nurses as part of ASPs in low- and middle-income countries, this topic is yet poorly researched. This study aimed to identify priority research gaps in the Brazilian context concerning nurses' performance in ASPs from the perspective of nursing professionals and explore the main themes among the ideas generated by these nurses.

Transgressive Acts: Michel Foucault's Lessons on Resistance for Nurses.

In this paper, we bring together Foucault's biography and oeuvre to explore key concepts that support the analysis of nurses' acts of resistance. Foucault reflected on the power relations taking place in health services, making his contribution especially useful for the analysis of resistance in this context. Over three decades, he proposed a nonnormative philosophy while concomitantly engaging in transgressive practices guided by values such as human rights and social justice.

Acrylamide: An approach to its knowledge and importance for roasted coffee.

Acrylamide (AA) has been classified as a toxic, harmful, and carcinogenic substance since 2002, and therefore it is currently widely studied. When functional amino and carbonyl groups of asparagine and reducing sugars are condensed into Schiff bases, they are transformed into AA molecules at temperatures >120 °C. This mechanism is known as the Maillard reaction and is considered the main AA pathway.

Association of Shift Work, Sociodemographic Variables and Healthy Habits with Obesity Scales.

Background: Shift work has been associated with unhealthy lifestyle habits and a higher prevalence of obesity, which negatively impacts the health of shift workers. The objective of our study was to examine the influence of shift work on obesity, as well as on sociodemographic variables, anthropometric measurements, and lifestyle habits in individuals working this type of schedule.

Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study involving 53,053 workers from various labour sectors across several Spanish autonomous communities was conducted.

Effects of active breaks on educational achievement in children with and without ADHD: study protocol and rationale of the Break4Brain project.

The Break4Brain project aims to elucidate the effects of both acute and chronic physical activity (PA) on educational achievement in children with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This study will be conducted in two phases: a cross-over design followed by a hybrid type 1 implementation-effectiveness trial, which includes both a cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) and a qualitative study. In phase I, 60 children aged 10-12, with 30 each from ADHD and non-ADHD groups, will participate in a laboratory-based study over 4 days within 1 month.

Enhancing ultrasonic-assisted drying of low-porosity products through pulsed electric field (PEF) pretreatment: The case of butternut squash.

Ultrasonic-assisted drying is an effective technique for accelerating drying processes, particularly for products with high porosity. The structural changes induced by pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment can make low-porosity products more susceptible to the effects of ultrasound during drying. This study aimed to investigate the influence of PEF treatment on the structure of low-porosity products, such as butternut squash, and to evaluate its effect on ultrasonic-assisted drying.

The Epistemic Policies of Anti-Ageing Medicines in the European Union.

Anti-ageing medicines are products intended to extend lifespan and healthspan in humans that have a good potential use in public health policies. In the European Union, their development, production and consumption are dependent on regulatory science performed by the European Medicines Agency and its associated epistemic policies. They impose, among other things, an unfavourable burden of proof, a strict standard of proof and meta-methodological constrictions related to some theoretical issues.

Exploring the anti-depressant effects and nitric oxide modulation of quercetin: A preclinical study in Socially Isolated mice.

Objectives: This study investigates the effects of quercetin, an antioxidant and nitric oxide (NO) modulator, on depressive-like behaviours triggered by social isolation stress (SIS) in mice. SIS, known to harm psychosocial functioning and increase the risk of depression, involves oxidative stress and NO in its pathophysiology.

Methods: 72 male mice were divided into nine groups, including the social (SC) group as the control group (stress-free with normal saline intake).

The interaction of a self-assembled nanoparticle and a lipid membrane: Binding, disassembly and re-distribution.

Here we report a detailed study of the interactions of nanoparticles, formed by the self-assembly of cholesterol-containing porphyrins, with lipid membranes. We show that the interaction is a two-step process: first, the docking and fusion, then, the redistribution of the building blocks of the self-assembled nanoparticles (SANs henceforth). Analysis of the binding and structural data is consistent with the docking step being driven by a multivalence cooperative effect and with the formation of SAN aggregates on the membrane, whilst the solubility of the cholesterol anchor in the membrane is key to both the fusion and redistribution of the SANs building blocks.

Potential hazards of octinoxate (ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate) exposure in the seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile: Experimental evidence.

Interest has risen in recent years to assess the fate and impacts of organic ultraviolet (UV) filters in aquatic environments, after being recognized as contaminants of emerging concern. Octinoxate, also known as ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (EHMC), is among the widely used UV filters in sunscreen formulations. Its potential toxicological effects in aquatic biota have led to precautionary actions in some jurisdictions, such as restricting and even banning its presence in commercial sunscreens.

Usefulness of Atherogenic Indices for Predicting High Values of Avoidable Lost Life Years Heart Age in 139,634 Spanish Workers.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for one-third of all global deaths. The World Health Organization (WHO) asserts that prevention is the most effective strategy to combat CVD, emphasizing the need for non-invasive, low-cost tools to identify individuals at high risk of CVD. Atherogenic indices and heart age (HA) are valuable tools for assessing cardiovascular risk (CVR).