Papillary thyroid carcinoma: ≤ 10 mm does not always mean pN0. A multicentric real-world study.

The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is increasing and PTC ≤ 10 mm (PTMC) accounts for most new diagnoses. PTMCs are not always low risk, as detection of lymph nodes metastasis (LNM) may occur. The purpose of the study was to analyze the clinical pattern, frequency, and independent risk factors of patients with PTMC and LNM.

Role of HLA matching and donor specific antibody development in long-term survival, acute rejection and cardiac allograft vasculopathy.

Although there are different data supporting benefits of HLA matching in kidney transplantation, its role in heart transplantation is still unclear. HLA mismatch (MM) between donor and recipient can lead to the development of donor-specific antibodies (DSA) which produces negative events on the outcome of heart transplantation. Moreover, DSAs are involved in the development of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) and are associated with an increase in cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV).

Role of Infection in Pathogenesis, Evolution, and Complication of Atherosclerotic Plaque.

The therapeutic management of atherosclerosis focuses almost exclusively on the reduction of plasma cholesterol levels. An important role in the genesis and evolution of atherosclerosis is played by chronic inflammation in promoting thrombosis phenomena after atheroma rupture. This review aims to take stock of the knowledge so far accumulated on the role of endemic HP infection in atherosclerosis.

Advanced Parkinson's disease treatment patterns in Italy: an observational study interim analysis.

Background: Oral levodopa remains the mainstay of treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, as PD progresses, response to treatment may fluctuate. Managing fluctuations can be demanding for clinicians and patients.

Atezolizumab Plus Carboplatin and Etoposide in Patients with Untreated Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Interim Results of the MAURIS Phase IIIb Trial.

Background: MAURIS is an Italian multicenter, open-label, phase IIIb ongoing trial, aiming at evaluating the safety and effectiveness of atezolizumab + carboplatin/etoposide in patients with newly diagnosed, extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). The primary objective is the safety evaluation.

Materials And Methods: Patients received atezolizumab + carboplatin/etoposide Q3W for 4-6 cycles in the induction phase, followed by atezolizumab maintenance Q3W.

Antibacterial applications of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles.

Objectives: This article highlights the biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with their characteristic analysis, and it focuses on the application of synthesized NPs against multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria. A cytotoxicity study was performed to assess the biocompatibility.

Methods: Silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) formation was confirmed by different characterization methods such as UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Dynamic light scattering (DLS)- Zeta, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and Transmission electron microscope (TEM).

Redetermination of PD-L1 expression after chemio-radiation in locally advanced PDL1 negative NSCLC patients: retrospective multicentric analysis.

Background: Chemoradiation therapy (CRT) is the treatment of choice for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC). Several clinical trials that combine programmed cell death 1 (PD1) axis inhibitors with radiotherapy are in development for patients with LA-NSCLC. However, the effect of CRT on tumor cells programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression is unknown.

Is there a correlation between prepartum anaemia and an increased likelihood of developing postpartum depression? A prospective observational study.

Purpose: Postpartum depression (PPD) represents a significant challenge to maternal and child health. Early screening for PPD is essential to ensure appropriate treatment and support. The present study aimed to assess whether maternal prepartum anaemia influences the likelihood of developing PPD within 3 days after delivery.

Analysis of Carbon Nanoparticle Coatings via Wettability.

Wettability, typically estimated through the contact angle, is a fundamental property of surfaces with wide-ranging implications in both daily life and industrial processes. Recent scientific interest has been paid to the surfaces exhibiting extreme wettability: superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic surfaces, characterized by high water repellency and exceptional water wetting, respectively. Both chemical composition and morphology play a role in the determination of the wettability "performance" of a surface.

Modified blade: an interventional option in rigid bronchoscopy for non-resectable benign tracheal stenosis.

Introduction: Benign tracheobronchial stenosis is a abnormal tracheal lumen narrowing that may incur progressive dyspnea and life-threatening hypoxemia. There is no consensus on which patients should be treated with endoscopic or surgical method. This study investigates the outcomes of bronchoscopic dilatation in the treatment of benign tracheal stenosis using a device equipped with a blade to cut the stenotic lesions with dense fibrosis.

Removal of lead in water by coagulation flocculation process using Cactus-based natural coagulant: optimization and modeling by response surface methodology (RSM).

The aim of this research is to study the ability of Cactus leaves to act as a biocoagulants for the removal of lead in water. Different solvents, such as distilled water, NaCl, NaOH, and HCl, were used as chemical activators to extract the active components from the Cactus. The Cactus was utilized as an organic coagulant in five different forms: (i) Cactus juice (CJ); Cactus extract using (ii) distilled water (C-HO); (iii) NaCl at 0.

Diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by respiratory function test.

The diagnostic criterion for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) based on the findings of concomitant clinical and electrophysiological evidence of upper and lower motor neuron involvement may remain unsatisfied for months and in some patients, even for years in the early stage of the disease. Since respiratory involvement is an onset symptom of ALS in only 1-3% of patients, pulmonary assessment has never been considered useful in the early diagnosis of ALS. However, studies on pulmonary function are lacking, especially in those early stages where neurologic tests are also inconclusive.

Cortical Correlates of Visuospatial Switching Processes Between Egocentric and Allocentric Frames of Reference: A fNIRS Study.

Human beings represent spatial information according to egocentric (body-to-object) and allocentric (object-to-object) frames of reference. In everyday life, we constantly switch from one frame of reference to another in order to react effectively to the specific needs of the environment and task demands. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study to date has investigated the cortical activity of switching and non-switching processes between egocentric and allocentric spatial encodings.

Filamin A in triple negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer is a rare but highly heterogeneous breast cancer subtype with a limited choice of specific treatments. Chemotherapy remains the only efficient treatment, but its side effects and the development of resistance consolidate the urgent need to discover new targets. In TNBC, filamin A expression correlates to grade and TNM stage.

Hyperkalaemia in Cardiological Patients: New Solutions for an Old Problem.

Hyperkalaemia is one of the most common electrolyte disorders in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). The true burden of hyperkalaemia in the real-world setting can be difficult to assess, but in population-based cohort studies up to 4 in 10 patients developed hyperkalaemia. In addition to drugs interfering with potassium metabolism and food intake, several conditions can cause or worsen hyperkalaemia, such as advanced age, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease.

Exploitation of Autophagy Inducers in the Management of Dementia: A Systematic Review.

The social burden of dementia is remarkable since it affects some 57.4 million people all over the world. Impairment of autophagy in age-related diseases, such as dementia, deserves deep investigation for the detection of novel disease-modifying approaches.

Does gender affect environmentally virtuous behaviour? Evidence from selective waste collection.

This research analyses the issue, unexplored to date, of the causal relationship between women politicians and selective waste collection. Differing attitudes towards environmental issues between men and women may affect waste management at the municipal level, so an increase in women's political representation can be expected to enhance the effectiveness of selective waste collection. The analysis tests for this in Italy, exploiting a gender quota measure (Law 215/2012) as an exogenous shock to the percentage of female municipal councilors.

Lateral Pectoral Nerve Identification through Ultrasound-Guided Methylene Blue Injection during Selective Peripheral Neurectomy for Shoulder Spasticity: Proposal for a New Procedure.

Internally rotated and adducted shoulder is a common posture in upper limb spasticity. Selective peripheral neurectomy is a useful and viable surgical technique to ameliorate spasticity, and the lateral pectoral nerve (LPN) could be a potential good target to manage shoulder spasticity presenting with internal rotation. However, there are some limitations related to this procedure, such as potential anatomical variability and the necessity of intraoperative surgical exploration to identify the target nerve requiring wide surgical incisions.

Drug survival of IL-12/23, IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: a retrospective multicenter real-world experience on 5932 treatment courses - IL PSO (Italian landscape psoriasis).

Introduction: The development of several effective biological drugs for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis has dramatically changed the lives of patients. Despite the wide use of interleukin (IL) inhibitors, limited data are available to date regarding long-term treatment persistence.

Method: This multicenter retrospective real-world study evaluated 5932 treatment courses across 5300 patients, all treated with interleukin inhibitors.