A case report of sarcoma recurrence treated with a balloon-occluded combined approach (b-MWA + b-TAE).

Sarcomas present challenges in management due to their aggressive nature. Interventional radiology, utilizing ablation and embolization, offer promising alternatives for recurrent cases. In recent years, combined techniques (ablation + embolization) and the use of balloon-microcatheter have been introduced to enhance the necrotic effect in HCC treatment.

Impact of a persuasive antimicrobial stewardship programme on the appropriateness of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis in a tertiary care hospital in southern Italy.

Background And Aim: The aim of our study was to evaluate the rate of compliance to institutional guidelines on surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) among the surgical wards of our facility and to evaluate the impact of our antimicrobial stewardship programme (ASP) on the adherence rate.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study including all 14 surgical wards of our hospital. Eight of these wards participate in a non-restrictive ASP.

Case report: Personalizing the use of trazodone in real-world patients: a study of three cases of depression with comorbidities.

Depressive disorders are leading contributors to the global mental health-related burden, and they represent a challenge for real-world clinicians, due to the low rates of remission despite the high availability of treatments. Often, depression shows in the context of multiple chronic comorbidities, thus requiring precise and accurate management of pharmacological treatments to avoid interactions and side effects. These criticalities call for the need for new strategies of treatment, which may include new insights into the pharmacological properties of currently available antidepressant drugs, to enhance their efficacy in the different contexts in which depression may arise.

Adjuvant modern radiotherapy in resected pN2 NSCLC patients: results from a multicentre retrospective analysis on acute and late toxicity on behalf of AIRO thoracic oncology study group: the RAC-TAC study.

Background: Recently, the PORT-C and LUNG-ART trials, which evaluated the role of postoperative radiation therapy (PORT), have significantly altered the treatment landscape for NSCLC pN2 patients who previously underwent surgery. In response, the Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Oncology Thoracic Oncology study group has initiated an observational multicenter trial to assess both acute and late toxicities of PORT in pN2 NSCLC patients treated with modern techniques.

Methods: Data on NSCLC patients submitted to PORT after radical surgery treated between 2015 and 2020 in six Italian Centers were collected.

Radiomics and 256-slice-dual-energy CT in the automated diagnosis of mild acute pancreatitis: the innovation of formal methods and high-resolution CT.

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common disease, and several scores aim to assess its prognosis. Our study aims to automatically recognize mild AP from computed tomography (CT) images in patients with acute abdominal pain but uncertain diagnosis from clinical and serological data through Radiomic model based on formal methods (FMs).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the CT scans acquired with Dual Source 256-slice CT scanner (Somatom Definition Flash; Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany) of 80 patients admitted to the radiology unit of Antonio Cardarelli hospital (Naples) with acute abdominal pain.

Molecular Diagnostic Yield and Safety Profile of Ultrasound-Guided Lung Biopsies: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The recent advances in precision oncology for lung cancer treatment has focused attention on the importance of obtaining appropriate specimens for tissue diagnosis as well as comprehensive molecular profiling. CT scan-guided biopsies and bronchoscopy are currently the main procedures employed for tissue sampling. However, growing evidence suggests that ultrasound-guided biopsies may represent an effective as well as safe approach in this diagnostic area.

Efficacy and Tolerability of a Food Supplement Based on L., (Retz.) R.br.ex Sm, Zinc and Chromium for the Maintenance of Normal Carbohydrate Metabolism: A Monocentric, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

A study on 81 individuals (18-75 years old) with mildly impaired fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentrations (98-125 mg/dL) was undertaken to investigate the tolerability of a food supplement (FS) based on and extracts, zinc, and chromium and its efficacy on glucose and lipid metabolism. The subjects were randomized into three groups (27 in each group) and supplemented with one or two tablet(s)/day of FS (groups 1 and 2, respectively), or two tablets/day of placebo (group 3). Blood sampling was carried out at baseline (t0) and after a 3-month treatment (t1), and biochemical parameters associated with glucose and lipid metabolism and kidney and liver toxicity were evaluated.

Impact of the COVID pandemic on melanoma thickness and ulceration: a meta-analysis.

The global healthcare sector faced immense challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Oncologists noted reduced cancer screening, which impacted melanoma diagnosis and treatment, leading to concerns about delayed care and poorer outcomes. This review analyzes how the pandemic influenced melanoma ulceration risk and Breslow thickness index through a meta-analysis of published studies.

Bardet-Biedl syndrome improved diagnosis criteria and management: Inter European Reference Networks consensus statement and recommendations.

Four European Reference Networks (ERN-EYE, ERKNet, Endo-ERN, ERN-ITHACA) have teamed up to establish a consensus statement and recommendations for Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS). BBS is an autosomal recessive ciliopathy with at least 26 genes identified to date. The clinical manifestations are pleiotropic, can be observed in utero and will progress with age.

Follow-up and monitoring programme in children identified in early-stage type 1 diabetes during screening in the general population of Italy.

Aim: To provide guidance for follow-up and monitoring of children and adolescents identified as positive to islet autoantibodies (IA) in the general population screening for type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Italy.

Methods: Detection of IA helps to diagnose pre-symptomatic T1D, prevent diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and identify persons for new therapies to delay symptomatic diabetes. Italy recently became the first country to approve by law a general autoantibody screening program for T1D and celiac disease in all children and adolescents (age 1-17yr).

Sphingolipidomic profiling of human Dental Pulp Stem Cells undergoing osteogenic differentiation.

It is now recognized that sphingolipids are involved in the regulation and pathophysiology of several cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, and survival. Growing evidence also implicates them in regulating the behaviour of stem cells, the use of which is increasingly finding application in regenerative medicine. A shotgun lipidomic study was undertaken to determine whether sphingolipid biomarkers exist that can regulate the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSCs).

Fam134c and Fam134b shape axonal endoplasmic reticulum architecture in vivo.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) remodeling is vital for cellular organization. ER-phagy, a selective autophagy targeting ER, plays an important role in maintaining ER morphology and function. The FAM134 protein family, including FAM134A, FAM134B, and FAM134C, mediates ER-phagy.

Biliary atresia in a 3-month-old infant (case report).

Biliary atresia (BA) is a congenital disease that occurs when extrahepatic bile ducts are either absent or deficient, resulting in liver fibrosis, portal hypertension, and eventually cirrhosis. It is the most common cause of persistent obstructive jaundice in newborns lasting more than two weeks is this condition. Abdominal ultrasound (US) is the primary imaging technique used to diagnose BA, while computed tomography (CT) is reserved for more complex cases.

Delta radiomics: an updated systematic review.

Background: Radiomics can provide quantitative features from medical imaging that can be correlated with various biological features and diverse clinical endpoints. Delta radiomics, on the other hand, consists in the analysis of feature variation at different acquisition time points, usually before and after therapy. The aim of this study was to provide a systematic review of the different delta radiomics approaches.

Early biomarkers in the presymptomatic phase of cognitive impairment: changes in the endocannabinoidome and serotonergic pathways in Alzheimer's-prone mice after mTBI.

Background: Despite extensive studies on the neurobiological correlates of traumatic brain injury (TBI), little is known about its molecular determinants on long-term consequences, such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: Here, we carried out behavioural studies and an extensive biomolecular analysis, including inflammatory cytokines, gene expression and the combination of LC-HRMS and MALDI-MS Imaging to elucidate the targeted metabolomics and lipidomics spatiotemporal alterations of brains from wild-type and APP-SWE mice, a genetic model of AD, at the presymptomatic stage, subjected to mild TBI.

Results: We found that brain injury does not affect cognitive performance in APP-SWE mice.

Identification and bioinformatic characterization of a serum miRNA signature for early detection of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The growing understanding of cancer biology and the establishment of new treatment modalities has not yielded the expected results in terms of survival for Laryngeal Squamous Cell Cancer (LSCC). Early diagnosis, as well as prompt identification of patients with high risk of relapse would ensure greater chance of therapeutic success. However, this goal remains a challenge due to the absence of specific biomarkers for this neoplasm.

MICP mediated by indigenous bacteria isolated from tailings for biocementation for reduction of wind erosion.

In this study, native ureolytic bacteria were isolated from copper tailings soils to perform microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) tests and evaluate their potential for biocement formation and their contribution to reduce the dispersion of particulate matter into the environment from tailings containing potentially toxic elements. It was possible to isolate a total of 46 bacteria; among them only three showed ureolytic activity: T130-1, sp. T130-13 and sp.

Dietary Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) and Urinary Fluorescent AGEs in Children and Adolescents: Findings from the Italian I.Family Project.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in chronic diseases in adults, but their role in paediatric populations remains uncertain. This study, conducted on the Italian sample of the I.Family project, aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary and urinary fluorescent AGEs in children and adolescents.