Perception of antimicrobial stewardship interventions in Swiss primary care: a mixed-methods survey.

Background: With most of the antibiotic prescriptions occurring in primary care, antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) interventions must be known, welcomed, and used by primary care physicians (PCPs).

Aim: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the present awareness about, use of, and perceived acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of a broad range of interventions.

Design & Setting: A cross-sectional survey was distributed to Swiss PCPs from December 2023 to February 2024.

Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in pediatric lung transplantation-Current state and future directions.

Lung transplantation is considered as the ultimate therapy for children with advanced pulmonary disease. International data show a median conditional 1-year post-transplantation survival of 9.1 years.

Co-existence of OSA and respiratory diseases and the influence of gender.

Introduction: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), especially obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is commonly associated with respiratory diseases, such as COPD, asthma and interstitial lung disease.

Areas Covered: This narrative review aims to comprehensively synthesize the existing information on SDB in respiratory diseases, investigate the role of gender in this association, and highlight the importance of OSA management in improving sleep, quality of life, and disease prognosis in these specific patient populations.

Expert Opinion: Research indicates a synergistic link between OSA and chronic respiratory diseases, which leads to greater morbidity and mortality compared to each disorder alone.

Challenges in implementing cultural adaptations of digital health interventions.

Differences in the access and use of digital health interventions are driven by culture, in addition to economic and physical factors. To avoid the systematic exclusion of traditionally underserved cultural groups, creating inclusive digital health interventions is essential. One way to achieve this is through cultural adaptations, defined as the systematic modification of an existing intervention that aligns with a target audience's cultural norms, beliefs, and values.

Approved AI-based fluid monitoring to identify morphological and functional treatment outcomes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration in real-world routine.

Aim: To predict antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment requirements, visual acuity and morphological outcomes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) using fluid quantification by artificial intelligence (AI) in a real-world cohort.

Methods: Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography data of 158 treatment-naïve patients with nAMD from the Fight Retinal Blindness! registry in Zurich were processed at baseline, and after initial treatment using intravitreal anti-VEGF to predict subsequent 1-year and 4-year outcomes. Intraretinal and subretinal fluid and pigment epithelial detachment volumes were segmented using a deep learning algorithm (Vienna Fluid Monitor, RetInSight, Vienna, Austria).

Implementation of a multicomponent family support intervention in adult intensive care units: study protocol for an embedded mixed-methods multiple case study (FICUS implementation study).

Background: The implementation of complex interventions is considered challenging, particularly in multi-site clinical trials and dynamic clinical settings. This study protocol is part of the family intensive care units (FICUS) hybrid effectiveness-implementation study. It aims to understand the integration of a multicomponent family support intervention in the real-world context of adult intensive care units (ICUs).

'What puts the 'Hic' into Hiccups?'.

Recurrent and persistent bouts of hiccups impact the quality of life by interfering with eating, social interaction and work. Popular home remedies, such as breath holding and drinking ice water, target activity in the vagal and phrenic nerves that are thought to trigger these repetitive, myoclonic contractions. However, the pathophysiology of hiccups and the mechanism by which any of these methods work are unclear.

Ten-Year Outcome of Topography-Guided Transepithelial Surface Ablation for Refractive Myopia Treatment.

Background: To evaluate 10-year long-term refractive visual stability and participants' satisfaction in the refractive treatment of myopic eyes undergoing topography-guided transepithelial surface ablation using a 1KHz excimer laser.

Patients And Methods: This single-center prospective survey assessed participants' satisfaction 10 years after the treatment using a non-validated questionnaire with regards to visual outcome, dry eye, and visual disturbance symptoms. Pre- and postoperative visual and refractive data were evaluated.

Organ donation after circulatory death as compared with organ donation after brain death in Switzerland - an observational study.

Aims Of The Study: Organ donation after circulatory death (DCD) was reintroduced in Switzerland in 2011 and accounts for a third of deceased organ donors today. Controversy persists if DCD transplants are of similar quality to transplants following donation after brain death (DBD), mainly due to warm ischaemia time DCD organs are exposed to. We compared DCD with DBD in Switzerland.

Update on COVID-19 vaccination in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients.

Background: COVID-19 vaccination has been successful in decreasing rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection in areas with high vaccine uptake. Cases of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection remain infrequent among immunocompetent vaccine recipients who are protected from severe COVID-19. Robust data demonstrate the safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness of several COVID-19 vaccine formulations.

Current status and further potential of lung donation after circulatory death.

Chronic organ shortage remains the most limiting factor in lung transplantation. To overcome this shortage, a minority of centers have started with efforts to reintroduce donation after circulatory death (DCD). This review aims to evaluate the experimental background, the current international clinical experience, and the further potential and challenges of the different DCD categories.

Negative myoclonus as the leading symptom in acute cefepime neurotoxicity.

An 86-year-old woman was diagnosed with hospital-acquired pneumonia with and treated with cefepime adjusted to her renal clearance. After 4 days, she developed acute-onset negative myoclonus without signs of altered mental status. After ruling out an acute intracranial haemorrhagic or ischaemic stroke as well as other metabolic and endocrine causes of negative myoclonus, the antibiotic was switched to piperacillin/tazobactam due to a suspicion of cefepime neurotoxicity.

Impact of cardiopulmonary resuscitation on organ donation in Switzerland.

Aims Of The Study: The lack of suitable donor organs limits the number of solid organ transplants. Patients who underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) after cardiac arrest may represent a sizeable subgroup of deceased organ donors, as they often progress to brain death or have life-sustaining therapy withdrawn. We aimed to quantify deceased organ donation after CPR in Switzerland for the first time by analysing the characteristics of potential and utilised organ donors after CPR.

In the eye of the hurricane: the Swiss COVID-19 pandemic stepwise shutdown approach in organ donation and transplantation.

The Swiss stepwise shutdown approach in organ donation and transplantation helped to maintain a limited national organ procurement and vital organ transplant activity, avoiding a complete nationwide shutdown of organ donation and transplant activity. .

SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 in patients on the Swiss national transplant waiting list.

Aims Of The Study: The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on patients listed for solid organ transplantation has not been systematically investigated to date. Thus, we assessed occurrence and effects of infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on patients on the Swiss national waiting list for solid organ transplantation.

Methods: Patient data were retrospectively extracted from the Swiss Organ Allocation System (SOAS).

Quantifying asymmetry of anterior cerebral arteries as a predictor of anterior communicating artery complex aneurysm.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish an anatomical index for early prediction of the risk of development of aneurysms in anterior communicating arterial complex (AcomAC). The asymmetric diameter of one anterior cerebral artery (ACA) to other could alter haemodynamics and may contribute to formation of aneurysms in AcomAC and be a reliable predictor of the risk of development of aneurysms.

Design And Setting: This is a retrospective, observational and quantitative study, which used cerebral computed tomography angiography (CCTA) scans in South Australia.

In out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, is the positioning of victims by bystanders adequate for CPR? A cohort study.

Objectives: Outcome from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) highly depends on bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with high-quality chest compressions (CCs). Precondition is a supine position of the victim on a firm surface. Until now, no study has systematically analysed whether bystanders of OHCA apply appropriate positions to victims and whether the position is associated with a particular outcome.

Twenty years of International Council of Ophthalmology fellowships: description of the programme and the impact on more than 1100 awardees.

Background/aims: The International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) offers fellowship programmes to help young ophthalmologists, mainly from low-resource countries, improve their practical or research skills in ophthalmology subspecialty areas. Using questionnaires, the objective of the present study was to evaluate how the ICO Fellowship Programme has impacted on improving knowledge, skills and the careers of young ophthalmologists from low-resource countries.

Methods: From 2001 to 2019 overall 1140 ICO fellowships were awarded.

International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation consensus statement for the standardization of bronchoalveolar lavage in lung transplantation.

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a key clinical and research tool in lung transplantation (LTx). However, BAL collection and processing are not standardized across LTx centers. This International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation-supported consensus document on BAL standardization aims to clarify definitions and propose common approaches to improve clinical and research practice standards.

Differing needs of mothers and fathers during their child's end-of-life care: secondary analysis of the "Paediatric end-of-life care needs" (PELICAN) study.

Background: Mothers and fathers are severely challenged when providing care for their terminally ill child at end of life. Caregiving needs have been studied predominantly in mothers. Differences in caregiving needs between mothers and fathers during their child's end of life have not, however, been explored so far.