ICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD in a sample of prison staff: A latent profile approach.

Although empirical support for the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (11th ed.; ICD-11) distinction between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD) is growing, research into the ICD-11 CPTSD model in prison staff is lacking. This study used latent profile analysis (LPA) to (a) determine if there are distinct groups of trauma-exposed prison governors (i.

Laser hair depilation therapy for pilonidal sinus disease: A 5-year, retrospective experience in a University Teaching Hospital in the UK, 2017-2023.

Background: Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is a chronic debilitating condition predominantly affecting young men. Laser hair depilation is an established adjunct to surgical treatment for PSD and can lead to reduced rates of recurrence, and post-surgical interventions.This study aimed to assess the outcome of laser hair depilation therapy on disease progression in pilonidal sinus disease patients at the Birmingham Skin Regional Laser Centre.

Daratumumab plus lenalidomide/dexamethasone in untreated multiple myeloma: analysis of key subgroups of the MAIA study.

In the MAIA study (median follow-up, 56.2 months), daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone (D-Rd) significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) alone in transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). In this post hoc analysis of clinically important subgroups in MAIA (median follow-up, 64.

Stakeholder perspectives to inform the implementation of a community health worker-delivered home management of hypertension intervention in Zimbabwe.

Objective: Implementing evidence-based innovations often fails to translate into meaningful outcomes in practice due to dynamic real-world contextual factors. Identifying these influencing factors is pivotal to implementation success. This study aimed to determine the barriers and facilitators of implementing a community health worker (CHW)-delivered home management of hypertension (HoMHyper) intervention from a stakeholder's perspective using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).

Pregnancy Loss Was Associated With the Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases in Middle-Aged Women: Evidence From the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Objectives: Significant associations between pregnancy loss and risk of future maternal cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been found in Western countries, but the association in China is still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the associations of pregnancy loss, number of pregnancy losses, subtype of pregnancy loss (i.e.

Unpacking the Role of Multidimensional Romantic Jealousy in the Perpetration of Cyber Dating Abuse: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem.

Previous research has explored the potential role of romantic jealousy in the use of technology to facilitate cyber dating abuse against romantic partners. In this study, we examine the multidimensional nature of romantic jealousy and the mediating role of self-esteem in the perpetration of cyber dating abuse. While much of the existing literature treats cyber dating abuse as a single construct, we propose a more nuanced understanding by distinguishing between psychological cyber dating abuse and relational cyber dating abuse.

PLGA-Nano-Encapsulated Disulfiram Inhibits Cancer Stem Cells and Targets Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a key role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) chemoresistance and metastasis. In this study, we used two NSCLC cell lines to investigate the regulating effect of hypoxia in the induction and maintenance of CSC traits. Our study demonstrated hypoxia-induced stemness and chemoresistance at levels comparable to those in typical CSC sphere culture.

Folic and folinic acid load tests for dynamic assessments of compliance and metabolism in folate deficiency and hyperhomocysteinaemia patients unresponsive to high-dose folate replacement.

We describe the utility of 'folic and folinic acid load tests' in the investigation of a 26-year-old woman with persistently low serum folate and moderate hyperhomocysteinaemia unresponsive to folic acid supplements. Serum folate, plasma 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), red cell 5-MTHF and plasma total homocysteine at baseline, 2-h, 4-h and 2- or 4-days (if applicable) post administration of a large dose of oral folic acid, or oral or parenteral folinic acid were measured. The tests confirmed non-compliance but also suggested an unsuspected possible defect in the folate pathway based on differential response to folic versus folinic acid supplements.

Improving outcomes for very preterm babies in England: does place of birth matter? Findings from OPTI-PREM, a national cohort study.

Objective: Babies born between 27 and 31 weeks of gestation contribute substantially towards infant mortality and morbidity. In England, their care is delivered in maternity services colocated with highly specialised neonatal intensive care units (NICU) or less specialised local neonatal units (LNU). We investigated whether birth setting offered survival and/or morbidity advantages to inform National Health Service delivery.

A Systematic Review of the Existing Evidence on Early Year Interventions for Trauma and Violence Prevention.

Exposure to violence in early childhood is considered a public health issue and is a significant predictor of becoming a victim or perpetrator of violence later in life. There has been a significant increase in violence intervention and prevention programs that are available for children and young people; however, there are few evidence-based interventions for younger children. This review systematically explores the existing impact evidence for available intervention and prevention programs targeted at young children (ages 3-8) across the United States and United Kingdom.

Novel Scent Enrichment Enhances Socio-Sexual and Olfactory Behaviors in Zoo-Housed Gentle Lemurs.

The Alaotran gentle lemur (Hapalemur Alaotrensis) is one of the most endangered primates in the world and shows a low success rate in captive breeding programmes. We tested a novel scent enrichment, made up of a synthesized mixture likely conveying information about female fertility, on four unsuccessful breeding pairs (n = 8 subjects) living at the Jersey, Birmingham, London (United Kingdom) and Mulhouse (France) zoos. We evaluated the effects of the scent enrichment on behavior (515 h of observation) and fecal endocrinology (cortisol and testosterone measurements) (n = 180 samples) comparing pre- enrichment, enrichment and post- enrichment phases.

Improving event prediction using general practitioner clinical judgement in a digital risk stratification model: a pilot study.

Background: Numerous tools based on electronic health record (EHR) data that predict risk of unscheduled care and mortality exist. These are often criticised due to lack of external validation, potential for low predictive ability and the use of thresholds that can lead to large numbers being escalated for assessment that would not have an adverse outcome leading to unsuccessful active case management. Evidence supports the importance of clinical judgement in risk prediction particularly when ruling out disease.

The UK consensus supporting effective introduction of novel treatments for multiple myeloma in the National Health Service.

Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a relapsing, debilitating blood cancer which remains incurable despite advances in treatments. Patients typically receive multiple lines of treatment, to which they become refractory, thereby limiting treatment options. B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) represent a novel modality of treatment that has significant efficacy for relapsed or refractory patients.

Gene Expression Dysregulation in Whole Blood of Patients with Infection.

() is a global threat and has significant implications for individuals and health care systems. Little is known about host molecular mechanisms and transcriptional changes in peripheral immune cells. This is the first gene expression study in whole blood from patients with infection.

Gambling harms, stigmatisation and discrimination: A qualitative naturalistic forum analysis.

People who experience gambling harms commonly experience stigmatisation, which is detrimental to psychological wellbeing, and a significant barrier to help-seeking. While there have been efforts to challenge stigmatisation, there is little empirical evidence available to inform such initiatives. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted a thematic analysis of naturalistic data in the form of posts made on online support forums by people with experience of gambling-related harm, in order to understand how they are stigmatised, and to identify barriers to help-seeking.

Open label vancomycin in primary sclerosing cholangitis-inflammatory bowel disease: improved colonic disease activity and associations with changes in host-microbiome-metabolomic signatures.

Background: We conducted a single-arm interventional study, to explore mucosal changes associated with clinical remission under oral vancomycin (OV) treatment, in primary sclerosing cholangitis associated inflammatory bowel disease (PSC-IBD); NCT05376228.

Method: Fifteen patients with PSC and active colitis (median faecal calprotectin 459µg/g; median total Mayo score 5) were treated with OV (125mg QID) for 4 weeks and followed-up for a further 4 weeks of treatment withdrawal (8 weeks, end-of-study). Colonic biopsies were obtained at baseline and week 4.

Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Paediatric: Challenges for the Future.

Background: Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) emerged to improve the transparency of machine learning models and increase understanding of how models make actions and decisions. It helps to present complex models in a more digestible form from a human perspective. However, XAI is still in the development stage and must be used carefully in sensitive domains including paediatrics, where misuse might have adverse consequences.

Standard deviation: Standardized bat monitoring techniques work better in some ecosystems.

Standardized monitoring strategies are often used to study spatial and temporal ecological patterns and trends. Such approaches are applied for many study taxa, including bats (Mammalia, Chiroptera). However, local characteristics of individual field sites, including species assemblages, terrain, climatic factors, and presence or lack of landscape features, may affect the efficacy of these standardized surveys.

Socioeconomic and ethnic inequalities increase the risk of type 2 diabetes: an analysis of NHS health check attendees in Birmingham.

Introduction: Birmingham has a significantly higher type-II diabetes prevalence than the national average. This study aimed to investigate the association of socioeconomic deprivation and ethnicity on the risk of diabetes in Birmingham.

Methods: Data were included from 108,514 NHS Health Checks conducted in Birmingham between 2018 and 2023.

The anatomical basis for surgical intervention in myositis ossificans-A systematic review.

Myositis ossificans (MO) is a benign condition characterized by heterotrophic bone formation, most commonly within muscle tissue. Multiple types have been described, the most predominant being myositis ossificans circumscripta, which occurs in response to trauma. Myositis ossificans cases reported in the literature were reviewed systematically.

The Effects of 11+ Dance on Physiological Parameters in Adolescent Ballet Dancers: A Randomized Controlled Equivalence Trial.

The use of neuromuscular interventions in sports induce meaningful motor performance in strength, sprint and power. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the "11+ Dance" exercise program versus normal training (control) on possible adaptations in power, lower-body strength, and inter-limb asymmetry in adolescent ballet dancers. Prospective randomized controlled trial.