Intimidation and bullying: A school survey examining the effect of demographic data.

The aim of this study is to identify the predictors of bullying in secondary school students This study uses correlational and regression analysis to examine the relationship between demographic data of students and whether or not they partake in bullying or have been bullied. Out of the given surveys, 357 were answered. The survey was given to three public schools from Irbid city.

Melittin-Induced Permeabilization, Re-sealing, and Re-permeabilization of E. coli Membranes.

The permeabilization of model lipid bilayers by cationic peptides has been studied extensively over decades, with the bee-sting toxin melittin perhaps serving as the canonical example. However, the relevance of these studies to the permeabilization of real bacterial membranes by antimicrobial peptides remains uncertain. Here, we employ single-cell fluorescence microscopy in a detailed study of the interactions of melittin with the outer membrane (OM) and the cytoplasmic membrane (CM) of live Escherichia coli.

Lifetime Consequences of Early-Life and Midlife Access to Health Insurance: A Review.

Over the past decade, the number of studies examining the effects of health insurance has grown rapidly, along with the breadth of outcomes considered. In light of growing research in this area and the intense policy focus on coverage expansions in the United States, there is need for an up-to-date and comprehensive literature review and synthesis of lessons learned. We reviewed 112 experimental or quasi-experimental studies on the effects of health insurance prior to people becoming eligible for Medicare on a broad set of outcomes.

Brief Report: Autism Symptoms in Infants with Fragile X Syndrome.

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common known genetic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although 50-75 % of children with FXS meet ASD criteria, no studies have compared ASD symptoms in infants with FXS versus other high risk groups, such as siblings of children with ASD (ASIBs). Using the Autism Observation Scale for Infants, our findings indicate that 53 % of 12-month infants with FXS fall in the "at risk" category compared to 17 and 6 % for age-matched ASIBs and controls, respectively.

Extramedullary haematopoiesis: radiological imaging features.

Extramedullary haematopoiesis (EMH) is defined as the production of blood cells outside of the bone marrow, which occurs when there is inadequate production of blood cells. The most common causes of EMH are myelofibrosis, diffuse osseous metastatic disease replacing the bone marrow, leukaemia, sickle cell disease, and thalassemia. The purpose of this article is to review the common and uncommon imaging appearances of EMH by anatomical compartment.

Enrichment and Broad Representation of Plant Biomass-Degrading Enzymes in the Specialized Hyphal Swellings of Leucoagaricus gongylophorus, the Fungal Symbiont of Leaf-Cutter Ants.

Leaf-cutter ants are prolific and conspicuous constituents of Neotropical ecosystems that derive energy from specialized fungus gardens they cultivate using prodigious amounts of foliar biomass. The basidiomycetous cultivar of the ants, Leucoagaricus gongylophorus, produces specialized hyphal swellings called gongylidia that serve as the primary food source of ant colonies. Gongylidia also contain plant biomass-degrading enzymes that become concentrated in ant digestive tracts and are deposited within fecal droplets onto fresh foliar material as ants incorporate it into the fungus garden.

Preparing cationic cotton linter cellulose with high substitution degree by ultrasonic treatment.

As an important cellulose derivative, cationic cellulose has becoming an attractive material. However, it remains challenging to produce cationic cellulose with high substitute degree. In this paper, we successfully increased the substitute degree of cationic cellulose by introducing ultrasonic treatment, which efficiently breaks hydrogen bonds of the chemical structure of cationic cellulose.

Increased expression of melanoma stem cell marker CD271 in metastatic melanoma to the brain.

Human melanoma contains multipotent stem cells that express the neural crest stem cell marker CD271. CD271-expressing melanoma cells in murine xenografts give rise to metastatic tumor. However, a comprehensive clinical investigation of its role in different stages of melanomagenesis has not been well studied.

Immunotherapy for prostate cancer - recent progress in clinical trials.

Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy affecting men in the United States. Traditional therapy with radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy can be curative for localized disease, but metastatic prostate cancer is currently incurable. The only treatments known to prolong survival in patients with metastatic disease are androgen-deprivation therapy and chemotherapy, both of which have significant side effects.

Origin and morphogenesis of neurons in the frog cardiac ganglion.

This paper reviews the cellular events underlying the formation of the cardiac ganglion in the frog. The first neurons become postmitotic at the end of embryogenesis and begin differentiating in a functioning heart. Neuronal precursors in the heart continue dividing and differenting at least through the beginning of metamorphosis.