CT, MRI, and FDG PET/CT in the Assessment of Lymph Node Involvement in Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma: An Expert Consensus Definition by an International Collaboration on Staging Evaluation and Response Criteria Harmonization for Children, Adolescent, and Young Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma (SEARCH for CAYAHL).

Staging of pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma is currently based on the Ann Arbor classification, incorporating the Cotswold modifications and the Lugano classification. The Cotswold modifications provide guidelines for the use of CT and MRI. The Lugano classification emphasizes the importance of CT and PET/CT in evaluating both Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma but focuses on adult patients.

Identification of (PDZ-RhoGEF) as an in vivo regulator of synapses and cognition.

Given the influence of cognitive abilities on life outcomes, there is inherent value in identifying genes involved in controlling learning and memory. Further, cognitive dysfunction is a core feature of many neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we use a combinatory in silico approach to identify human gene targets that will have an especially high likelihood of individually and directly impacting cognition.

Multi-omic signatures of host response associated with presence, type, and outcome of enterococcal bacteremia.

Unlabelled: Despite the prevalence and severity of enterococcal bacteremia (EcB), the mechanisms underlying systemic host responses to the disease remain unclear. Here, we present an extensive study that profiles molecular differences in plasma from EcB patients using an unbiased multi-omics approach. We performed shotgun proteomics and metabolomics on 105 plasma samples, including those from EcB patients and healthy volunteers.

Treatment of antebrachial deformities secondary to premature closure of the distal radial physis using circular external skeletal fixation and distraction osteogenesis in skeletally immature dogs.

Objective: To report clinical outcomes of skeletally immature dogs with antebrachial deformities secondary to premature closure of the distal radial physis (PCDRP) treated with angular corrections and distraction osteogenesis using circular external skeletal fixation (CESF).

Study Design: Retrospective multi-institutional case series.

Animals: A total of 12 client-owned dogs with premature distal radial physeal closure.

Clinical Experiences Using Family Based Treatment for Eating Disorders.

Objective: Despite the availability of several evidence-based treatments for eating disorders (EDs), including Family-Based Treatment (FBT), therapist drift from evidence-based treatments in real-life clinical settings is common. This study explores clinicians' use of FBT techniques and identifies clinician-reported barriers to their use in real-world settings.

Methods: Clinicians (N = 54) who self-identified as using FBT for EDs were recruited through social media, professional listservs, and mental health provider databases.

Barriers to Adherence with Clinic Visits in Patients with Uveitis.

Purpose: To assess the patient barriers to adherence with appointment follow-up in patients with ocular inflammatory disorders across the United States.

Methods: This was a multicenter study of adult and pediatric patients at the Wilmer Eye Institute, University of Texas at Austin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Veterans Administration Hospital, and Washington University of St. Louis.

Single- versus two-test criteria for cognitive impairment: associations with CSF and imaging markers in former American football players.

 Cognitive impairment is a core feature of traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES), the putative clinical syndrome of chronic traumatic encephalopathy-a neuropathological disease associated with repetitive head impacts (RHI). Careful operationalization of cognitive impairment is essential to improving the diagnostic specificity and accuracy of TES criteria. We compared single- versus two-test criteria for cognitive impairment in their associations with CSF and imaging biomarkers in male former American football players.

Patterns of Maternal Single and Polysubstance Use in the US: A Latent Class Analysis.

Objective: Substance use patterns vary considerably in the general population, yet little is known about patterns before and during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to describe single substance and polysubstance use (PSU) before and during pregnancy among recent births in the United States (US) and compare exposure patterns.

Methods: We used data from the Pregnancy and Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) postpartum survey for 2016-2018 to estimate the prevalence and identify patterns of substance use by participants one to three months before and during pregnancy.

Composite spin probes with adjustable oxygen sensitivity for pulse electron paramagnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose: Solid crystalline spin probes, such as lithium phthalocyanine (LiPc) and lithium octa-n-butoxynaphthalocyanine (LiNc-BuO), allow repeated oxygen measurement using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Due to their short relaxation times, their use for pulse EPR oxygen imaging is limited. In this study, we developed and tested a new class of solid composite spin probes that modified the relaxation rates R and R of LiPc or LiNc-BuO probes, which allowed pO measurements in the full dynamic (0-760 torr) range.

An orally available P1'-5-fluorinated M inhibitor blocks SARS-CoV-2 replication without booster and exhibits high genetic barrier.

We identified a 5-fluoro-benzothiazole-containing small molecule, TKB272, through fluorine-scanning of the benzothiazole moiety, which more potently inhibits the enzymatic activity of SARS-CoV-2's main protease (M) and more effectively blocks the infectivity and replication of all SARS-CoV-2 strains examined including Omicron variants such as SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 than two M inhibitors: nirmatrelvir and ensitrelvir. Notably, the administration of ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir and ensitrelvir causes drug-drug interactions warranting cautions due to their CYP3A4 inhibition, thereby limiting their clinical utility. When orally administered, TKB272 blocked SARS-CoV-2 replication without ritonavir in B6.

Consortium-driven rapid software validation for Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap).

There is a growing trend for studies run by academic and nonprofit organizations to have regulatory submission requirements. As a result, there is greater reliance on REDCap, an electronic data capture (EDC) widely used by researchers in these organizations. This paper discusses the development and implementation of the Rapid Validation Process (RVP) developed by the REDCap Consortium, aimed at enhancing regulatory compliance and operational efficiency in response to the dynamic demands of modern clinical research.

Prioritizing emergency department antibiotic stewardship interventions for skin and soft tissue infections using judgment analysis.

Objective: Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) account for over 2.8 million annual emergency department (ED) visits and often result in suboptimal antibiotic therapy. The objective of this study was to evaluate a set of interventions in minimizing inappropriate prescription of antibiotics for presumed SSTIs in the ED.

Reference genome of Calochortus tolmiei Hook. & Arn. (Liliaceae), a cat's ear mariposa lily.

Calochortus tolmiei Hook. & Arn., a bulbous monocot with cat's ear flowers in the angiosperm family Liliaceae, is a perennial herb native to northern California, Oregon, and Washington.

Role of protein and lipid oxidation in hardening of high-protein bars during storage.

Protein bar hardening negatively impacts shelf life, quality, and consumer acceptance. Although oxidation is known to negatively affect the flavor and texture of foods, the specific roles of lipid and protein oxidation in bar hardening have not been thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, most research has concentrated on dairy proteins, with a notable lack of studies addressing the hardening of plant-based protein bars.

MAPPING THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID PROTEOME IN BIPOLAR DISORDER.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe psychiatric condition with unclear etiology and no established biomarkers. Here, we aimed to characterize the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome in euthymic BD individuals to identify potential protein biomarkers.

Methods: We employed nano-flow liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry to quantify over 2,000 CSF proteins in 374 individuals from two independent clinical cohorts (n=164+89 and 66+55 cases and controls, respectively).

Novel synaptic markers predict early tau pathology and cognitive deficit in an asymptomatic population at risk of Alzheimer's disease.

Cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD) correlates closely with pathology in the neuronal microtubule-associated protein tau. Tau pathology may spread via neural synapses. In a population of cognitively unimpaired elderly at elevated risk of AD, we investigated four cerebrospinal (CSF) markers of synaptic dysfunction and degeneration.

Changes in Contraceptive Method Use, Access, and Experiences of Care During a Statewide Contraceptive Initiative.

Objective: To examine changes in contraceptive use, access, and care experiences during a statewide contraceptive access initiative, Delaware Contraceptive Access Now.

Study Design: We used responses from the Delaware/Maryland Survey of Women at the early wave (11/2016-3/2017) and late wave (2/2021-10/2021). Our cross-sectional sample included 6,467 respondents at risk of unintended pregnancy.

ReBreed21-ET: Evaluation of a rapid resynchronization program that allows timed embryo transfer every 21 days.

This study evaluated the efficiency of a rapid resynchronization of ovulation program to allow timed embryo transfer (TET) every 21d in heifer embryo recipients. Holstein heifers (n = 510) had synchronized ovulation using a modified 5d CoSynch program for a TET (D7) after induced ovulation (D0). After TET, heifers were blocked by number of previous TETs and randomized into one of two resynchronization of ovulation programs: Resynch28 (n = 279), a traditional resynch program for TET 35d after previous TET; or ReBreed21-ET, a program designed to allow TET 21d after previous TET.

Housing hardship and health: Longitudinal evidence of the mediating role of health behaviors.

Housing instability is widely recognized as a major environmental factor that significantly shapes both health and overall well-being. This study added to the existing literature by examining the longitudinal relationship between housing-related hardship and self-rated health. Moreover, this study explored health behaviors-specifically substance use and lifestyle behaviors-as potential mediators that link housing hardship to health.

Prevalence of and risk factors for osteoporosis and fragility fracture in adults with cerebral palsy: A systematic review.

Aim: To systematically review the prevalence and incidence of osteoporosis, osteopenia, low bone mass, and fragility fracture in adults with cerebral palsy (CP), and identify the risk factors for osteoporosis and fracture.

Method: A systematic literature search was performed in the MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, AMED, Cochrane Reviews, EMBASE, and EBM database reviews from inception until May 2024. Search terms covered a combination of keywords for CP, fracture, osteoporosis, incidence and prevalence, and risk factors.

Spatial-Structural Mechanisms of Racialized Disparities in Overdose Mortality: A Spatiotemporal Analysis.

Efforts to understand and respond to the opioid crisis have focused on overdose fatalities. Overdose mortality rates (ratios of overdoses resulting in death) are rarely examined though they are important indicators of harm reduction effectiveness. Factors that vary across urban communities likely determine which community members are receiving the resources needed to reduce fatal overdose risk.

Somatic CAG repeat expansion in blood associates with biomarkers of neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease decades before clinical motor diagnosis.

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease with the age at which characteristic symptoms manifest strongly influenced by inherited HTT CAG length. Somatic CAG expansion occurs throughout life and understanding the impact of somatic expansion on neurodegeneration is key to developing therapeutic targets. In 57 HD gene expanded (HDGE) individuals, ~23 years before their predicted clinical motor diagnosis, no significant decline in clinical, cognitive or neuropsychiatric function was observed over 4.

Association between herpes simplex virus infection and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers: analysis within the MAPT trial.

In vitro and animal studies have suggested that inoculation with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) can lead to amyloid deposits, hyperphosphorylation of tau, and/or neuronal loss. Here, we studied the association between HSV-1 and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in humans. Our sample included 182 participants at risk of cognitive decline from the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial who had HSV-1 plasma serology and an amyloid PET scan.

A lot of noise about nothing? Speech-to-noise ratios rather than noise predict language outcomes in preschoolers.

It has been proposed that a childhood in a noisy household might lead to poor language skills and slow development of language areas of the brain. Notably, a direct link between noisy households and language development has not been confirmed. Households might have high levels of noise for a range of reasons, including situational (near a large road intersection or airport), family (large families), and cultural (differences in beliefs surrounding noise in the home, including media use).