Addressing Social Determinants of Health in a Free Clinic Setting: A Student-Run Free Clinic and Community Resource Navigator Program.

Background: Social determinants of health (SDOH) disproportionately affect medically-underserved populations such as those cared for in student-run free clinics (SRFCs). Community resource programs which address SDOH play an important role in reducing health disparities. The Southside MEDiC Clinic (SMC), a SRFC at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, partnered with the Community Resource Navigator Program (CRNP), a community resource program focused on addressing SDOH, to remove barriers that prevent positive health outcomes for SMC patients.

Pain management in trauma: the need for trauma-informed opioid prescribing guidelines.

Background/objectives: Surgical populations and particularly injury survivors often present with complex trauma that elevates their risk for prolonged opioid use and misuse. Changes in opioid prescribing guidelines during the past several years have yielded mixed results for pain management after trauma, with a limiting factor being the heterogeneity of clinical populations and treatment needs in individuals receiving opioids. The present analysis illuminates this gap between clinical guidelines and clinical practice through qualitative feedback from hospital trauma providers and unit staff members regarding current opioid prescribing guidelines and practices in the setting of traumatic injury.

Percutaneous Microwave Ablation for Treatment of Retroperitoneal Tumors.

Purpose To determine if microwave ablation (MWA) of retroperitoneal tumors can safely provide high rates of local tumor control. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 19 patients (median age, 65 years [range = 46-78 years]; 13 [68.4%] men and six [31.

Wall-mounted folding chairs to promote resident physician sitting at the hospital bedside.

Background: Sitting at the bedside may improve patient-clinician communication; however, many clinicians do not regularly sit during inpatient encounters.

Objective: To determine the impact of adding wall-mounted folding chairs inside patient rooms, beyond any impact from a resident education campaign, on the patient-reported frequency of sitting at the bedside by internal medicine resident physicians.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Prospective, controlled pre-post trial between 2019 and 2022 (data collection paused 2020-2021 due to COVID-19) at an academic hospital in Baltimore, Maryland.

Naltrexone Compared With Buprenorphine or Methadone in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Although naltrexone is an evidence-based medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD), few data are available with use in pregnancy. Our objective was to assess outcomes of pregnant individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) taking naltrexone compared with those taking methadone or buprenorphine.

Data Sources: We undertook a systematic review using electronic database search (PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycInfo), conference proceedings, and trial registries including ClinicalTrials.

Analysis of Breast Cancer Mortality in the US-1975 to 2019.

Importance: Breast cancer mortality in the US declined between 1975 and 2019. The association of changes in metastatic breast cancer treatment with improved breast cancer mortality is unclear.

Objective: To simulate the relative associations of breast cancer screening, treatment of stage I to III breast cancer, and treatment of metastatic breast cancer with improved breast cancer mortality.

Recombinant Zoster Vaccine [RZV] is Effective in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A US Propensity Matched Cohort Study.

Background: Recombinant zoster vaccine [RZV] reduces the short-term risk of herpes zoster [HZ] in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. However, there is lack of data regarding the long-term effectiveness in this population.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in adults ≥50 years old using TriNetX database between patients with IBD who received two doses of RZV [IBD-RZV cohort] and patients who did not receive RZV [IBD control cohort].

Neutrophil motility is regulated by both cell intrinsic and endothelial cell ARPC1B.

Neutrophil-directed motility is necessary for host defense, but its dysregulation can also cause collateral tissue damage. Actinopathies are monogenic disorders that affect the actin cytoskeleton and lead to immune dysregulation. Deficiency in ARPC1B, a component of the Arp2/3 complex, results in vascular neutrophilic inflammation; however, the mechanism remains unclear.

Screen interaction behavior in companion dogs: results from a dog owner survey.

Despite availability of video content marketed for dog () entertainment, there is little information on dog behaviors when viewing content, nor describing which content is engaging. The aims of this study were to define demographics of dogs that engage with screens, owner observed behaviors, and perceived content interest. A digital survey was distributed to dog owners (03/2022-03/2023).

Comparison of the structure-function of five newly members of the calcin family.

Calcins are a group of scorpion toxin peptides specifically binding to ryanodine receptors (RyRs) with high affinity, and have the ability to activate and stabilize RyR in a long-lasting subconductance state. Five newly calcins synthesized compounds exhibit typical structural characteristics of a specific family through chemical synthesis and virtual analysis. As the calcins from the same species, Petersiicalcin1 and Petersiicalcin2, Jendekicalcin2 and Jendekicalcin3, have only one residue difference.

Development and assessment of educational materials for spinal muscular atrophy carrier screening in the Plain community.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) has been reported in both Amish and Mennonite (Plain) communities, and a higher incidence has been observed in certain Mennonite communities compared to the general population. There are several therapies for SMA, but all are most effective in pre-symptomatic newborns. To identify couples from the Wisconsin Plain community who are most likely to have a child with SMA, carrier screening is offered via mailed kits with at-home specimen collection.

Using e-modules for acquisition of complex diabetes skills in diabetes care providers in Rwanda.

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is life-threatening without appropriate treatment. Though pediatric endocrinology care is limited in Rwanda, a decentralized health system allows access to local non-communicable disease (NCD) nurses through a network of 42 district hospitals. Recent rapid expansion of internet access in the country makes virtual diabetes education initiatives possible.

Pre-hospitalization dysphagia and feeding tube placement in nursing home residents with advanced dementia.

Background: Despite research demonstrating the risks of using feeding tubes in persons with advanced dementia, they continue to be placed. The natural history of dysphagia among patients with advanced dementia has not been examined. We conducted a secondary analysis of a national cohort of persons with advanced dementia staying at a nursing home stay before hospitalization to examine (1) pre-hospitalization dysphagia prevalence and (2) risk of feeding tube placement during hospitalization based on preexisting dysphagia.

Head-to-Head Comparison of Intermediate Vision of Two Monofocal Intraocular Lenses.

Purpose: To compare intermediate visual outcomes in patients previously implanted with bilateral Clareon monofocal IOLs versus bilateral Eyhance IOLs.

Methods: This was a non-interventional, single-center, examiner-masked, comparative study. Participants were cataract patients presenting at least 3 months after uncomplicated, bilateral implantation of either Clareon or Eyhance non-toric and toric IOLs.

Association between body mass index and chronic hypertension in patients with hypertension disorders of pregnancy one-year postpartum.

Objectives: To determine the association between body mass index (BMI) and chronic hypertension (CHTN) one-year postpartum following pregnancies complicated by hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP).

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study of patients with HDP (gestational hypertension or preeclampsia) in a single Midwestern academic center from 2014 to 2018. The primary outcome was CHTN at one-year postpartum, defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mmHg or taking antihypertensive medication at one-year postpartum.

The Effect of Acidic Residues on the Binding between Opicalcin1 and Ryanodine Receptor from the Structure-Functional Analysis.

Calcin is a group ligand with high affinity and specificity for the ryanodine receptors (RyRs). Little is known about the effect of its acidic residues on the spacial structure as well as the interaction with RyRs. We screened the opicalcin1 acidic mutants and investigated the effect of mutation on activity.

Harnessing cognitive trajectory clusterings to examine subclinical decline risk factors.

Cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease and other dementias typically begins long before clinical impairment. Identifying people experiencing subclinical decline may facilitate earlier intervention. This study developed cognitive trajectory clusters using longitudinally based random slope and change point parameter estimates from a Preclinical Alzheimer's disease Cognitive Composite and examined how baseline and most recently available clinical/health-related characteristics, cognitive statuses and biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and vascular disease varied across these cognitive clusters.

Phase 2 trial of a DNA vaccine (pTVG-HP) and nivolumab in patients with castration-sensitive non-metastatic (M0) prostate cancer.

Purpose: We have previously reported that a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding prostatic acid phosphatase (pTVG-HP) had greater clinical activity when given in combination with pembrolizumab to patients with metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer. The current trial was conducted to evaluate vaccination with PD-1 blockade, using nivolumab, in patients with early, recurrent (M0) prostate cancer.

Methods: Patients with M0 prostate cancer were treated with pTVG-HP (100 µg administered intradermally) and nivolumab (240 mg intravenous infusion) every 2 weeks for 3 months, and then every 4 weeks for 1 year of total treatment.

Biometric Indicators for Maximizing Intermediate Vision with a Monofocal IOL.

Purpose: To determine refractive or biometric variables that might be predictive of increased intermediate vision in patients receiving an Eyhance monofocal intraocular lens (IOL).

Methods: This prospective, single-center, bilateral, non-randomized, open-label, observational study included a total of 110 subjects (220 eyes). Subjects had been previously bilaterally implanted with an Eyhance monofocal IOL (Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc.