Bridging the gap: interactive, case-based learning in radiology education.

Traditional teaching methods in radiology education have not kept pace with advances in technology that foster successful transition into independent practice. This deficit has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, as the need for social distancing and the introduction of hybrid staffing models have decreased the critical educational interactions at the reading room workstations between staff and trainees. By leveraging interactive, case-based learning, educators have the opportunity to bridge the substantial gap between basic pattern recognition and successfully making a diagnosis in independent practice.

Intracellular Na Modulates Pacemaking Activity in Murine Sinoatrial Node Myocytes: An Analysis.

: The mechanisms underlying dysfunction in the sinoatrial node (SAN), the heart's primary pacemaker, are incompletely understood. Electrical and Ca-handling remodeling have been implicated in SAN dysfunction associated with heart failure, aging, and diabetes. Cardiomyocyte [Na] is also elevated in these diseases, where it contributes to arrhythmogenesis.

Somatic PIK3R1 variation as a cause of vascular malformations and overgrowth.

Purpose: Somatic activating variants in the PI3K-AKT pathway cause vascular malformations with and without overgrowth. We previously reported an individual with capillary and lymphatic malformation harboring a pathogenic somatic variant in PIK3R1, which encodes three PI3K complex regulatory subunits. Here, we investigate PIK3R1 in a large cohort with vascular anomalies and identify an additional 16 individuals with somatic mosaic variants in PIK3R1.

Peripancreatic Fluid Collections After Pancreas Transplant: Safety and Efficacy of Percutaneous Drainage.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous drainage of peripancreatic fluid collections after pancreas transplant and to determine factors predicting a successful clinical outcome. This single-center retrospective study included 28 patients who underwent percutaneous drainage for peripancreatic collections after transplant between January 2008 and December 2018. Clinical success was defined as drainage resulting in resolution of symptoms.

Use of convalescent plasma in COVID-19 patients with immunosuppression.

In the absence of effective countermeasures, human convalescent plasma has been widely used to treat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the causative agent of novel coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), including among patients with innate or acquired immunosuppression. However, the association between COVID-19-associated mortality in patients with immunosuppression and therapeutic use of convalescent plasma is unknown. We review 75 reports, including one large matched-control registry study of 143 COVID-19 patients with hematological malignancies, and 51 case reports and 23 case series representing 238 COVID-19 patients with immunosuppression.

Relationship between short-term and mid-term hearing outcomes after stapedotomy in patients with otosclerosis: an investigation.

Background: Although stapedotomy is effective for patients with clinical otosclerosis, the time of hearing stabilization has not yet been consistent.

Objective: To investigate the relationships between post-operative follow-up times, hearing outcomes, and threshold shift after stapedotomy.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-five patients with clinical otosclerosis that underwent stapedotomy were retrospectively studied.

Evolution of proteomics technologies for understanding respiratory syncytial virus pathogenesis.

: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major human pathogen associated with long term morbidity. RSV replication occurs primarily in the epithelium, producing a complex cellular response associated with acute inflammation and long-lived changes in pulmonary function and allergic disease. Proteomics approaches provide important insights into post-transcriptional regulatory processes including alterations in cellular complexes regulating the coordinated innate response and epigenome.

Student Pharmacists' Assessment of a Serious Game on Opioid Medication Safety.

Objective: To explore second- and third-year student pharmacists' perspectives on the design and use of a digital game to teach opioid medication safety. To explore the game-based learning approach to teach about appropriate drug use and pediatric education.

Innovation: The lead author developed MedSMART: Adventures in PharmaCity, an educational video game focused on adolescent opioid safety.

Treatment of asymptomatic blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI): a systematic review.

Background: The management of asymptomatic blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) with respect to stroke prevention and vessel healing is challenging.

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to determine if a specific treatment results in lower stroke rates and/or improved vessel healing in asymptomatic BCVI.

Data Sources: An electronic literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.

Transcavernous Resection of a Giant Extensive Chondrosarcoma with Endoscopic Assistance.

Chondrosarcomas are one of the major malignant neoplasms which occur at the skull base. These tumors are locally invasive. Gross total resection of chondrosarcomas is associated with longer progression-free survival rates.

The Effect of Convalescent Plasma Therapy on Mortality Among Patients With COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

To determine the effect of COVID-19 convalescent plasma on mortality, we aggregated patient outcome data from 10 randomized clinical trials, 20 matched control studies, 2 dose-response studies, and 96 case reports or case series. Studies published between January 1, 2020, and January 16, 2021, were identified through a systematic search of online PubMed and MEDLINE databases. Random effects analyses of randomized clinical trials and matched control data demonstrated that patients with COVID-19 transfused with convalescent plasma exhibited a lower mortality rate compared with patients receiving standard treatments.

A Posterior Communicating Segment Aneurysm of the Supraclinoid Internal Carotid Artery Treated with an Extracranial to Intracranial Bypass and Trapping.

Surgical treatment of giant aneurysms often poses significant challenges. Endovascular techniques have evolved exponentially over the last decades, and most of these complex aneurysms can be treated with flow-diverting techniques; however, successful obliteration of all giant aneurysms is not always possible with endovascular flow-diverting techniques. Although the need for microsurgical intervention has undoubtedly diminished, a versatile-thinking surgeon should keep in mind that obliteration of these aneurysms combined with revascularizing the distal circulation via extracranial-intracranial bypass techniques can provide a potentially life-long durable solution.

The role of hormones and neurons in cardiomyocyte maturation.

The heart undergoes profound morphological and functional changes as it continues to mature postnatally. However, this phase of cardiac development remains understudied. More recently, cardiac maturation research has attracted a lot of interest due to the need for more mature stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes for disease modeling, drug screening and heart regeneration.

Unexpected pain with electrocortical stimulation in a teenager with temporal encephalocele.

Temporal lobe encephalocele has emerged as a potentially unrecognized cause of drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) that can be effectively treated with epilepsy surgery. Here we present a case in which a 17-year-old male with drug-resistant epilepsy and left temporal encephalocele underwent workup for epilepsy surgery, and experienced unexpected pain with electrocortical stimulation. Stimulation of stereo-EEG electrodes in the left temporal pole resulted in severe, unilateral left-sided facial pain due to inadvertent stimulation of the trigeminal nerve.

Evaluating the Voice Type Component Distributions of Excised Larynx Phonations at Three Subglottal Pressures.

Purpose The excised canine larynx provides an advantageous experimental framework in the study of voice physiology. In recent years, signal processing methods have been applied to analyze phonations in excised canine larynx experiments. However, phonations have a highly complex and nonstationary nature corresponding to different proportions of regular and chaotic signal elements.

Conversion from cytomegalovirus universal prophylaxis with valganciclovir to the preemptive monitoring approach to manage leukopenia after kidney or pancreas transplantation.

Purpose: In clinical practice, conversion from universal cytomegalovirus prophylaxis (CMV PPX) with valganciclovir (VGC) to targeted therapy (preemptive monitoring, PEM) is often pursued in the setting of leukopenia. It is unknown if this is an effective strategy.

Methods: Adult patients receiving a kidney and/or pancreas transplant were included if converted from PPX to PEM between 9/1/19 and 3/1/20 due to leukopenia.

Pulmonary Functional Imaging: Part 2-State-of-the-Art Clinical Applications and Opportunities for Improved Patient Care.

Pulmonary functional imaging may be defined as the regional quantification of lung function by using primarily CT, MRI, and nuclear medicine techniques. The distribution of pulmonary physiologic parameters, including ventilation, perfusion, gas exchange, and biomechanics, can be noninvasively mapped and measured throughout the lungs. This information is not accessible by using conventional pulmonary function tests, which measure total lung function without viewing the regional distribution.

Lingual Exercise in Older Veterans With Dysphagia: A Pilot Investigation of Patient Adherence.

Purpose Adherence is a concern in dysphagia management. Poor adherence with recommendations can negatively affect treatment efficacy and patient outcomes. For exercise-based therapies, low adherence can alter the dose of exercise delivered to the muscle, which can diminish impact of exercise.

Rethinking Bias to Achieve Maternal Health Equity: Changing Organizations, Not Just Individuals.

In this article, we address the limitations of existing implicit bias interventions as a strategy for achieving maternal health equity. We then focus on how institutionally sanctioned racial stereotyping harms Black maternal health and marginalizes a key group in the fight for health equity-Black physicians. Finally, we provide strategies to address racial bias in perinatal health care and structural barriers impeding Black physicians' success.

Radiation dose and fraction in immunotherapy: one-size regimen does not fit all settings, so how does one choose?

Recent evidence indicates that ionizing radiation can enhance immune responses to tumors. Advances in radiation delivery techniques allow hypofractionated delivery of conformal radiotherapy. Hypofractionation or other modifications of standard fractionation may improve radiation's ability to promote immune responses to tumors.