To what extent are digital health interventions targeting HIV care cascade among mobile populations feasible, acceptable, and effective? A mixed methods systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Human mobility is associated with an increased risk of HIV acquisition and disengagement from HIV care, leading to poorer health outcomes among highly mobile individuals compared to less mobile individuals. Mobile individuals, broadly defined as those who temporally, seasonally, or permanently move from one place to another for voluntary or involuntary reasons, face many challenges in accessing HIV care services. These challenges include logistical difficulties, interruptions in HIV care continuity, and limited access to services across different locations, which together hinder timely testing, treatment initiation, and viral suppression.

[The female genital mutilation: the current situation and the role of healthcare workers in the fight against excision].

Female genital mutilation: the current situation and the role of healthcare workers in combating excision. Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) affects more than 200 million girls and women, mainly in African countries. These procedures have no medical rationale and are essentially a form of power abuse.

Machine learning and molecular docking prediction of potential inhibitors against dengue virus.

Introduction: Dengue Fever continues to pose a global threat due to the widespread distribution of its vector mosquitoes, and . While the WHO-approved vaccine, Dengvaxia, and antiviral treatments like Balapiravir and Celgosivir are available, challenges such as drug resistance, reduced efficacy, and high treatment costs persist. This study aims to identify novel potential inhibitors of the Dengue virus (DENV) using an integrative drug discovery approach encompassing machine learning and molecular docking techniques.

"Are we ready to transition from the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization support?" Perceptions from 15 Kenyan counties.

Introduction: Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, defined a transition roadmap for countries receiving funding support based on their income status projections. According to the latest projections, Kenya will complete their transition from vaccine funding in 2029. While eligible countries are kept informed and supported for a smooth transition process, the extent to which countries understand the significant implications of a complete end of GAVI support on immunization service delivery varies.

Antibacterial and Photocatalytic Activities of ()-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles Annealed at Different Temperatures.

This research achieved the successful synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs through an eco-friendly method, utilizing the leaf extract of (L.O.).

Strengthening health financing at sub-national level in Kenya: a stakeholder and needs mapping through a mixed methods approach.

Introduction: health financing aims to ensure that the overall goal of the health system is attained. Countries with decentralised healthcare systems such as Kenya, face further challenges due to limited public financial management capacity within sub-national governments. While partner support has proved impactful in addressing these challenges, there is a paucity of evidence on the nature and distribution of the support in Kenya.

Evaluating Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability, Cytotoxicity, and Activity of Potential Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors: In Vitro and In Silico Study.

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) remain the first-line treatment for Alzheimer's disease. However, these drugs are largely symptomatic and often associated with adverse effects. This study aimed to evaluate novel pharmacophores for their in vitro AChEI activity, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and cytotoxic potential, hypothesizing that a combination of AChEIs could enhance symptom management while minimizing toxicity.

Final year oral hygiene students' perceptions and reflections on experiential learning in a special needs oral health care program.

Background: Oral health care programs offer a platform for experiential learning that include prospects for skills development; opportunities for knowledge application and for the creation of an awareness of community responsibilities. Gaining experience in the care for special needs patients is ideally achieved through exposure in special needs settings such as the school community.

Aim: This study investigated the perceptions and reflections of experiential learning by final year oral hygiene students in a special need's oral health care program at the University of Western Cape.

Gastrointestinal parasite prevalence, diversity and association in free-ranging Chacma baboon troops in a semi-arid savanna ecosystem of Zimbabwe.

Free-ranging Chacma baboon species are known to harbour a wide range of zoonotic parasites, and their frequent close interactions with humans pose a risk of transmission of zoonotic parasites between the two species. This research study focused on understanding parasite dynamics in free-ranging baboon populations that inhabit human-wildlife interface areas, a case of Gwanda State University's Epoch Mine campus in Filabusi at Insiza district. A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional design was used to investigate the prevalence, diversity and association of gastrointestinal parasites among three baboon troops found at the Epoch Mine campus.

Fertility awareness, perceived factors and approaches to improve contraceptive uptake among sexually active adolescent girls in Phalombe, Malawi: a mixed-methods study.

Background: Healthcare practitioners and policymakers in Sub-Saharan Africa face a significant health challenge due to the insufficient fertility awareness and other perceived health outcomes in contraceptive use among adolescent girls. This has resulted in a rise in unplanned pregnancies and other adverse fertility-related health consequences for adolescent girls in Malawi. Consequently, this research examines fertility awareness, perceived factors, and strategies in contraceptive adoption among adolescent girls in Malawi's Phalombe district.

Optimisation, Synthesis, and Characterisation of ZnO Nanoparticles Using () Leaf Extracts for Antibacterial and Photodegradation Applications.

This work presents a green synthesis route, which utilises extracts from an indigenous plant in South Africa, eastern and southern Africa that is understudied and underutilised, for preparing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). This study involved optimisation of the green synthesis method using (L.O.

The proportion of weight gain due to change in fat mass in infants with vs without rapid growth.

Background: There is extensive evidence that rapid infant weight gain increases the risk of childhood obesity, but this is normally based on childhood body mass index (BMI) only and whether or not this is because infants with rapid weight gain accrue greater fat mass is unknown.

Objective: The primary objective of our study was to test whether the proportion of infant weight gain due to concurrent increases in fat mass is greater in infants with rapid weight gain as compared to those with normal growth.

Methods: Body composition was assessed by (1) air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) at 0 and 6 months in 342 infants from Australia, India, and South Africa and (2) deuterium dilution (DD) at 3 and 24 months in 555 infants from Brazil, Pakistan, South Africa, and Sri Lanka.

Financing immunisation in Kenya: examining bottlenecks in health sector planning and budgeting at the decentralised level.

Background: Decentralisation has increasingly been adopted by countries as an important health sector reform aimed at increasing community participation in decision making while enhancing swift response at decentralised levels, to accelerate the attainment of health system goals. Kenya adopted a devolved system of government where health services delivery became a function of the 47 semi-autonomous county governments with planning and budgeting functions practised at both levels of government. This study sought to explore challenges facing health sector planning and budgeting and how they affect immunisation service delivery at the county level.

Structural barriers and facilitators to accessing HIV services for marginalized working populations: insights from farm workers in South Africa.

Farm workers are vulnerable working populations who face significant inequalities in accessing health services, including those for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention, treatment and care. This descriptive phenomenological study aimed to explore farm workers' experiences when accessing HIV services and was conducted in Limpopo province, South Africa. Eighteen in-depth interviews were conducted in four health facilities from two districts, and two focus group discussions were conducted in one of the farms within the province.

Corrigendum: Neurocognitive health in LGBTQIA+ older adults: current state of research and recommendations.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.

Decisional needs for older adults, home health care nurses and dental hygienists during team-based oral health assessments in ordinary home settings - a qualitative study.

Background: Participation by all actors involved in health planning is a prerequisite for person-centred care and healthy ageing. Understanding the multiple knowledge needs and the values that shape oral health assessments in home settings is important both to enable participation in oral health planning and to contribute to healthy ageing.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate decisional needs during oral health assessments in ordinary home settings from the perspectives of older adults, home health care nurses and dental hygienists.

Organic Heterostructures with Dendrimer Based Mixed Layer for Electronic Applications.

Recently, much research has focused on the search for new mixed donor-acceptor layers for applications in organic electronics. Organic heterostructures with layers based on the generation 1 poly(propylene thiophenoimine) (G1PPT) dendrimer, N,N'-diisopropylnaphthalene diimide (MNDI), and a combination of the two were prepared and their electrical properties were investigated. Single layers of G1PPT and MNDI and a mixed layer (G1PPT:MNDI) were obtained via spin coating on quartz glass, silicon, and glass/ITO substrates, using chloroform as a solvent.

Autophagy-induced cell death by aqueous and polyphenol-enriched extracts of honeybush ( spp.) in liver and colon cancer cells.

The anti-cancer potential of species (honeybush) has been demonstrated in several models. The present study investigated the effects of aqueous and polyphenol-enriched (PE) extracts of and , as well as mangiferin and hesperidin, on different cell growth parameters in human liver (HepG2) and colon (HT-29) cancer cells. Mangiferin and hesperidin were most abundant in and , respectively.

Results From South Africa's 2022 Healthy Active Kids' Report Card on Physical Activity, Body Composition Proxies, and Nutritional Status in Children and Adolescents.

Background: Physical activity (PA) and nutrition in children have an impact on overall physical and mental well-being, cognitive, and social development. This study aims to report on the best current available evidence on PA, body composition proxies, and nutritional status of South African children and adolescents, based on the published findings between 2018 and 2022, which comprise the 2022 Healthy Active Kids South Africa Report Card.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search of online databases, along with hand searching and a gray literature search, was conducted based on PA, body composition proxies, and nutrition indicators defined, in part, by the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance.

Effectiveness of Mobile App Interventions to Improve Periodontal Health: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Periodontal health plays a key role as a shared reference point for evaluating periodontal diseases and identifying significant treatment outcomes. Providing adequate instruction and enhancing the motivation of patients to maintain proper oral hygiene are crucial factors for successful periodontal treatment, with self-performed regular oral hygiene identified as a critical factor in improving the outcomes of treatment for periodontal diseases. Recently, mobile health (mHealth) solutions, especially mobile apps, have emerged as valuable tools for self-management in chronic diseases such as periodontal disease, providing essential health education and monitoring capabilities.

Predicting the Future Focus of Orthognathic Surgery: Outcome-Driven Planning and Treatment With Function, Esthetics, and Occlusion as Key Indicators.

As an international group of orthognathic surgeons, we believe the next big thing in orthognathic surgery will be a clinical and research focus on patient-oriented outcomes and improved quality of life. We expect to see advances in diagnosis and treatment planning, materials development, and patient management.