"Forever family is like a manufactured Hallmark idea": Adoption discontinuity experiences of intercountry adoptees.

Background: Media stories over the past decade have sensationalized cases of intercountry adoption discontinuity, a phenomenon largely missing from the research literature.

Objective: This study sought to understand how intercountry adoptees with adoption discontinuity histories experience legal, relational, and residential permanency losses through the framework of ambiguous loss and trauma.

Participants And Setting: Twenty intercountry adoptees in the United States who experienced adoption discontinuity as minor children.

Self-Care Needs and Technology Preferences Among Parents in Marginalized Communities: Participatory Design Study.

Background: Ten million parents provide unpaid care to children living with chronic conditions, such as asthma, and a high percentage of these parents are in marginalized communities, including racial and ethnic minority and low-income families. There is an urgent need to develop technology-enabled tailored solutions to support the self-care needs of these parents.

Objective: This study aimed to use a participatory design approach to describe and compare Latino and non-Latino parents' current self-care practices, needs, and technology preferences when caring for children with asthma in marginalized communities.

"The Day I Die Is The Day I Will Find My Peace": Narratives of Family, Marriage, and Violence Among Women Living With Serious Mental Illness in India.

In India, there is limited research on the nature of familial relationships and domestic violence that women living with serious mental illness (SMI) experience. Using the self-in-relation theory and through 34 in-depth interviews, I explored narratives related to family, marriage, and violence in familial relationships among women living with SMI at a psychiatric institution in an urban city in India. These narratives are critical because they highlight how the presence of mental illness exacerbates the violence women experience.

Assumptions About Algorithms' Capacity for Discrimination.

Although their implementation has inspired optimism in many domains, algorithms can both systematize discrimination and obscure its presence. In seven studies, we test the hypothesis that people instead tend to assume algorithms discriminate less than humans due to beliefs that algorithms tend to be both more accurate and less emotional evaluators. As a result of these assumptions, people are more interested in being evaluated by an algorithm when they anticipate that discrimination against them is possible.

Reproductive justice and black lives: A concept analysis for public health nursing.

Background: Inequities in maternal mortality in the United States are a form of structural violence against Black women. The concept of reproductive justice has been employed in the social sciences for almost 30 years, yet nursing has been slow to adopt this concept in promoting maternal-child health.

Objective: To analyze the concept of reproductive justice as used in peer-reviewed publications with the aim of reframing black maternal health in public health nursing scholarship, research, practice, and advocacy.

Science and scale mismatch: Horizontal and vertical information sharing in the Puget Sound polycentric governance system.

Environmental governance in complex social-ecological systems involves multiple actors and institutions that interact across scales. Where hierarchical authority to command is lacking, actors may rely on resource sharing to steer actions across the landscape and reduce scale mismatch. An important resource for such cross-scale steering is scientific information.

Human health risk from consumption of aquatic species in arsenic-contaminated shallow urban lakes.

Arsenic (As) causes cancer and non-cancer health effects in humans. Previous research revealed As concentrations over 200 μg g in lake sediments in the south-central Puget Sound region affected by the former ASARCO copper smelter in Ruston, WA, and significant bioaccumulation of As in plankton in shallow lakes. Enhanced uptake occurs during summertime stratification and near-bottom anoxia when As is mobilized from sediments.

Toxicity Testing of Effluent-Dominated Stream Using Predictive Molecular-Level Toxicity Signatures Based on High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry: A Case Study of the Lubbock Canyon Lake System.

Current aquatic toxicity assessments usually focus on targeted analyses coupled with toxicity testing to determine the impacts of complex mixtures on aquatic organisms. However, based on this approach alone, it is sometimes difficult to explain observed toxicity from the selected chemical analytes. Recent analytical advances such as high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) can improve the characterizations of the chemical composition of complex mixtures, but the intensive labor required to produce confident identifications limits its utility in high-throughput screening.

"There's a problem, now what's the solution?": suggestions for technologies to support the menopausal transition from individuals experiencing menopause and healthcare practitioners.

Objective: To elicit novel ideas for informatics solutions to support individuals through the menopausal transition. (Note: We use "individuals experiencing menopause" and "experiences" rather than "symptoms" when possible to counter typical framing of menopause as a cisgender women's medical problem.).

Socio-eco-evolutionary dynamics in cities.

Cities are uniquely complex systems regulated by interactions and feedbacks between nature and human society. Characteristics of human society-including culture, economics, technology and politics-underlie social patterns and activity, creating a heterogeneous environment that can influence and be influenced by both ecological and evolutionary processes. Increasing research on urban ecology and evolutionary biology has coincided with growing interest in eco-evolutionary dynamics, which encompasses the interactions and reciprocal feedbacks between evolution and ecology.

Exploring Teens as Robot Operators, Users and Witnesses in the Wild.

As social robots continue to show promise as assistive technologies, the exploration of appropriate and impactful robot behaviors is key to their eventual success. Teens are a unique population given their vulnerability to stress leading to both mental and physical illness. Much of teen stress stems from school, making the school environment an ideal location for a stress reducing technology.

High performance logistic regression for privacy-preserving genome analysis.

Background: In biomedical applications, valuable data is often split between owners who cannot openly share the data because of privacy regulations and concerns. Training machine learning models on the joint data without violating privacy is a major technology challenge that can be addressed by combining techniques from machine learning and cryptography. When collaboratively training machine learning models with the cryptographic technique named secure multi-party computation, the price paid for keeping the data of the owners private is an increase in computational cost and runtime.

Management and Data Sharing of COVID-19 Pandemic Information.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. During the past 10 months, COVID-19 has killed over 1 million people worldwide. Under this global crisis, data sharing and management of the COVID-19 information are urgently needed and critical for researchers, epidemiologists, physicians, bioengineers, funding agencies, and governments to work together in developing new vaccines, drugs, methods, therapeutics, and strategies for the prevention and treatment of this deadly and rapidly spreading disease.

A Study of Policies and Guidelines for Collecting, Processing, and Storing Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patient Biospecimens for Biobanking and Research.

Biobanking has been playing a crucial role in the development of new vaccines, drugs, biotechnology, and therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of a wide range of human diseases. This puts biobanks at the forefront of responding to the ongoing worldwide outbreak of the severe pandemic, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The leading public health institutions around the world have developed and established interim policies and guidelines for researchers and biobank staff to handle the infectious biospecimens safely and adequately from COVID-19 patients.

On the Composability of Statistically Secure Random Oblivious Transfer.

We show that random oblivious transfer protocols that are statistically secure according to a definition based on a list of information-theoretical properties are also statistically universally composable. That is, they are simulatable secure with an unlimited adversary, an unlimited simulator, and an unlimited environment machine. Our result implies that several previous oblivious transfer protocols in the literature that were proven secure under weaker, non-composable definitions of security can actually be used in arbitrary statistically secure applications without lowering the security.

A ubiquitous tire rubber-derived chemical induces acute mortality in coho salmon.

In U.S. Pacific Northwest coho salmon (), stormwater exposure annually causes unexplained acute mortality when adult salmon migrate to urban creeks to reproduce.

Landscape-scale differences among cities alter common species' responses to urbanization.

Understanding how biodiversity responds to urbanization is challenging, due in part to the single-city focus of most urban ecological research. Here, we delineate continent-scale patterns in urban species assemblages by leveraging data from a multi-city camera trap survey and quantify how differences in greenspace availability and average housing density among 10 North American cities relate to the distribution of eight widespread North American mammals. To do so, we deployed camera traps at 569 sites across these ten cities between 18 June and 14 August.

Two-by-Two Factorial Design.

•In simulation research, we are often interested in comparing the effects of more than one independent variable.•Factorial designs allow investigators to efficiently compare multiple independent variables (also known as factors).•An example and resources are described for using a two by two factorial design in simulation research.

Cortical Presynaptic Boutons Progressively Engulf Spinules as They Mature.

Despite decades of discussion in the neuroanatomical literature, the role of the synaptic "spinule" in synaptic development and function remains elusive. Canonically, spinules are finger-like projections that emerge from postsynaptic spines and can become enveloped by presynaptic boutons. When a presynaptic bouton encapsulates a spinule in this manner, the membrane apposition between the spinule and surrounding bouton can be significantly larger than the membrane interface at the synaptic active zone.

Provider perceptions of mHealth engagement for low-resourced, safety-net communities.

Objective: Evaluate nurses' and other health care professionals' (HCPs) perceptions about implementing mobile health technology (mHealth) in clinical practice to support health care delivery for low-resourced, safety-net communities.

Design: Qualitative exploratory study using data collected from focus group sessions. Respondents addressed four topics: (1) technology's role in health care delivery; (2) barriers to incorporating mHealth data in clinical practice; (3) need for mHealth Clinical Practice Guide (CPG); and (4) mHealth's potential to improve health care access for marginalized communities.

Omnichannel battle between Amazon and Walmart: Is the focus on delivery the best strategy?

A large body of academic research has recently focused on omnichannel retailing especially on brick-and-mortar (offline) retailers adding and integrating online capabilities. Relatedly, trade press has highlighted how offline retailers have been investing heavily in the use of their existing physical retail network for quicker delivery and pick-up of online orders. Looking at the competition between Amazon and Walmart, however, we demonstrate that focusing on quicker delivery is not the best strategy for offline retailers when opening online channels to compete with online retailers.