Liver GPBAR1 Associates With Immune Dysfunction in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Its Activation Attenuates Cholestasis in Abcb4-/- Mice.

Background And Aims: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterised by progressive biliary inflammation and fibrosis, leading to liver cirrhosis and cholangiocarcinoma. GPBAR1 (TGR5) is a G protein-coupled receptor for secondary bile acids. In this study, we have examined the therapeutic potential of BAR501, a selective GPBAR1 agonist in a PSC model.

Usability, efficacy, and safety of candidate tocilizumab biosimilar CT-P47 self-administration via auto-injector and pre-filled syringe in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a single-arm, open-label, phase 3 study.

Background: CT-P47 is a candidate tocilizumab biosimilar that is currently in clinical development. We assessed the usability of CT-P47 self-administration via auto-injector (AI) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Research Design And Methods: This was a 12-week, single-arm, open-label, multiple-dose, Phase 3 study.

Analysis of risk factors of infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Introduction: infection (CDI) is one of the most important challenges in contemporary gastroenterology. However, data from CDI studies are sometimes contradictory.

Aim: To analyse the risk factors for CDI in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

The effects of hyperbaric treatment on perianal fistula activity in patients with Crohn's disease.

Introduction: Crohn's disease is a chronic, complex inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Among its most challenging complications are perianal fistulas.

Aim: This study aims to explore the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in reducing the activity of perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease patients.

The impact of fasting on cardiovascular risk control in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Introduction: Optimal control of cardiovascular risk factors remains challenging in non-classical patient groups, including those with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Dietary restrictions are among the interventions that may be helpful in such cases.

Aim: To evaluate if the declared type of fasting influences the most common cardiovascular risk factor control in patients with MASLD.

Enhancement of photoinduced reactive oxygen species generation in open-cage fullerenes.

Photodynamic therapy is an important tool in modern medicine due to its effectiveness, safety, and the ability to provide targeted treatment for a range of diseases. Photodynamic therapy utilizes photosensitizers to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Fullerenes can be used as photosensitizers to produce ROS in high quantum yields.

The impact of the war in Ukraine on the prevalence of MDR/RR-TB in Poland.

Background: The 2022 invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation triggered a refugee crisis, affecting the multidrug-/rifampicin-resistant TB (MDR/RR-TB) prevalence in neighbouring countries. This study examines the epidemiological trends and characteristics of MDR/RR-TB patients in Poland, focusing on the relative contribution of Ukrainian refugees.

Methods: Data from the Polish National Tuberculosis Registry and EPIC Project database, covering MDR/RR-TB cases reported between 2010 and Q1 2024, were analysed.

Electrochemical Controlling of Double Microgel Layer Formation on an Electrode Surface via an Electrosensitive Inclusion Complex.

In this study, we demonstrate the formation of a self-assembled microgel double layer on an electrode surface, utilizing the ability to form electro-responsive, reversible inclusion complexes between microgels modified with ferrocene and β-cyclodextrin in these systems. The bottom layer was based on microgels containing ferrocene moieties and derivatives of cysteine. The presence of the amino acid derivative enabled the formation of the well-packed monolayer on the gold surface through chemisorption, while ferrocene was responsible for electroactivity.

Cardiomyocyte engineering: The meeting point of transcription factors, signaling networks, metabolism and function.

Direct cardiac reprogramming or transdifferentiation is a relatively new and promising area in regenerative therapy, cardiovascular disease modeling, and drug discovery. Effective reprogramming of fibroblasts is limited by their plasticity, that is, their ability to reprogram, and depends on solving several levels of tasks: inducing cardiomyocyte-like cells and obtaining functionally and metabolically mature cardiomyocytes. Currently, in addition to the use of more classical approaches such as overexpression of exogenous transcription factors, activation of endogenous cardiac transcription factors via controlled nucleases, such as CRISPR, represents another interesting way to obtain cardiomyocytes.

Nasal food challenge with hen's egg white allergen.

Background: Nasal allergen provocation tests are an important part of the diagnostics of allergic diseases triggered by environmental factors. Recently, increased attention has been paid to the potential use of this method in the diagnosis of food allergy. The objective of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of the nasal allergen provocation test in a group of subjects allergic to hen's egg white allergens.

Compartment model of strategy-dependent time delays in replicator dynamics.

Real-world processes often exhibit temporal separation between actions and reactions - a characteristic frequently ignored in many modelling frameworks. Adding temporal aspects, like time delays, introduces a higher complexity of problems and leads to models that are challenging to analyse and computationally expensive to solve. In this work, we propose an intermediate solution to resolve the issue in the framework of evolutionary game theory.

The North American Repository for Archaeological Isotopes.

Here, we present the North American Repository for Archaeological Isotopes (NARIA), the largest open-access compilation of previously reported isotopic measurements (n = 28,374) from bioarchaeological samples in North America (i.e., Canada, Greenland, Mexico, and the United States of America) covering a time-frame of more than 12,000 years.

Ten-Year Implant Survivorship and Performance of Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Patients with the Zimmer Biomet Comprehensive® Shoulder System - a Short Stemmed Humeral Implant and Hybrid Glenoid.

Background: Anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty are highly successful procedures for treatment of glenohumeral arthritis to reduce pain, improve range of motion, and overall quality of life. However, the long-term survivorship of the implant systems is less widely documented in the existing literature. The purpose of this study was to establish the long-term patient outcomes and identify factors influencing the postoperative implant survivorship of total anatomic shoulder arthroplasty devices/procedures utilizing the short-stemmed prosthesis and hybrid glenoid components of the Comprehensive Shoulder System (Zimmer Biomet, Warsaw, IN, USA) at an average of ten years.

The impact of reducing cognitive load in RT and P300 concealed information tests with importance related fillers.

Lukács et al. (2017) enhanced the Reaction Time Concealed Information Test (RT CIT) by incorporating "filler" items. Fillers are intended to increase attention and cognitive load, which should potentially enhance the P300 based CIT (P300-CIT) too.

Durvalumab with or without bevacizumab with transarterial chemoembolisation in hepatocellular carcinoma (EMERALD-1): a multiregional, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study.

Background: Transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) is standard of care for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma that is amenable to embolisation; however, median progression-free survival is still approximately 7 months. We aimed to assess whether adding durvalumab, with or without bevacizumab, might improve progression-free survival.

Methods: In this multiregional, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study (EMERALD-1), adults aged 18 years or older with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma amenable to embolisation, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 at enrolment, and at least one measurable intrahepatic lesion per modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) were enrolled at 157 medical sites including research centres and general and specialist hospitals in 18 countries.

Adding colour to ion-selective membranes.

An idea of using ion-exchanger salt containing optically active cations to prepare ion-selective membranes is proposed. Although the presence of an ion-exchanger in the composition of neutral ionophore based sensors is necessary, the choice of available salts for cation-selective sensors preparation, is usually limited to sodium or potassium compounds. In this work we propose application of an alternative salt, using a cation optically active both in absorption and emission mode as a mobile one.

Foliar application of nitrates limits lead uptake by Cucumis sativus L. plants.

Lead is a toxic heavy metal, which accumulates in the soil and is readily absorbed by plant roots. The uptake of toxic elements by crops is a serious threat to human health. For this reason, it is important to prevent the incorporation of heavy metals into the food chain.

Resistant and Apparently Resistant Hypertension in Peritoneally Dialyzed Patients.

Hypertension in chronic kidney disease patients is very common. The definition of resistant hypertension in the general population is as follows: uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) on three or more hypotensive agents in adequate doses, or when patients are on four or more hypotensive agent categories irrespective of the BP control, with diuretics included in the therapy. However, these resistant hypertension definitions do not apply to the setting of end-stage kidney disease.

Awareness and Knowledge About Preconception Healthcare: A Cross-Sectional Study of Early Years UAE Medical Students.

Preconception health is critical for improving maternal and child health. The main objective of the study was to explore medical students' health habits, quality of life, and knowledge of preconception healthcare. We conducted a cross-sectional study between 15 March 2023 and 31 May 2024 among medical students at United Arab Emirates University.

Eight Weeks of Resistance Training Is Not a Sufficient Stimulus to Improve Body Composition in Post-COVID-19 Elderly Adults.

: This study sought to assess how body mass (BM) and body composition in post-COVID-19 elderly adults were affected by 8 weeks of resistance training. An additional goal was to determine the agreement between Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) in elderly people. : Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention Group, which engaged in 8 weeks of resistance training, and a Control Group, which was advised to maintain their usual activity levels.

Severe Microbial Keratitis in Virgin and Transplanted Cornea-Probability of Visual Acuity Improvement.

To evaluate visual acuity improvement and identify contributing factors in patients with severe keratitis affecting both virgin and transplanted corneas, treated at a hospital. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 497 patients with unilateral corneal ulcers treated at a tertiary referral center between 2008 and 2023. Data included distance (BCVA) and near best-corrected visual acuity at initial presentation and at discharge, treatments before hospital admission, demographic details, risk factors, clinical signs and symptoms, ancillary test results, and management strategies.

Efficacy of Repeated Low-Level Red Light (RLRL) Therapy in Managing Childhood Myopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: As Repeated Low-Level Red Light (RLRL) therapy is becoming increasingly prevalent in clinical practice, mainly in the Far East, largely due to its child-friendly nature and the feasibility of home use, this study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of RLRL therapy in managing childhood myopia, specifically in relation to axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent refraction (SER), across a larger group of children aged from 6 to 16 years. : A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to access relevant databases and to locate outcome studies. Eligibility criteria included publication type, participant characteristics, and outcomes report.