Efficacy of treatment approaches for stalking offenders: a systematic review.

Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of treatments approaches in reducing the risk of reoffending in stalking perpetrators.

Design: A systematic search was conducted on Medline/Pubmed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus.

Setting: The United States, United Kingdom, The Netherlands, and Italy.

The Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Helicopter Emergency Medical Services.

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has profoundly affected the Lombardy healthcare system. Although air transport of critical patients played a crucial role, there are still gaps in understanding how the pandemic impacted helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS). A retrospective observational analysis was performed using data from the regional emergency-urgency online portal.

Reshaping Emergency Care: Dynamics of OHCA and STEMI in a Three-Year Analysis.

The COVID-19 pandemic drastically reshaped healthcare in Lombardy, Italy, notably impacting EMS and emergency departments and altering the epidemiology of time-dependent pathologies such as STEMI and OHCA. While previous studies focused on modifications during the pandemic peak, with an increase in the number of OHCA diagnoses and a reduction in the number of STEMI, little evidence exists regarding the inter-pandemic phases. We analyzed OHCA and STEMI accesses to the ED in the regional emergency department access register (EUOL) for 2019-2021.

Italy's Post-COVID-19 Stroke Network: Has It Returned to Pre-Pandemic Standards?

The COVID-19 pandemic strongly transformed the healthcare system in the Lombardy region (Italy), forcing a rapid reorganization of hospital structures. The emergency medical service (EMS) system and emergency departments (EDs) were among the most affected departments. Several studies have shown a change in the epidemiology of time-dependent pathologies, such as stroke, during the pandemic's peak.

Enhancing Physicians' Autonomy through Practical Trainings.

Background: In medical emergencies adherence to standardized clinical protocols is crucial to ensure a better outcome for patients. Newly qualified physicians may play several roles in serving the National Health Service (substituting general practitioners, on-call duty, working in emergency rooms, etc.) in Italy.

The impact of ACLS training in theoretical knowledge.

Background And Aim: Italy has a public health system where also young physicians hold various jobs, including Emergency Services. Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS) course is developed for the management of cardiovascular emergencies. This study evaluates the preparation of Italian physicians on ACLS and their perceived need to be trained on it.

Interplay of Modified Sialic Acid Inhibitors and the Human Parainfluenza Virus 1 Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Active Site.

In the search for effective antivirals against Paramyxoviridae, the dynamics of human parainfluenza virus type 1 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hPIV1-HN) inhibition offers a promising perspective. This study focuses on the potential of C5- and C4-modified 2,3-unsaturated sialic acid (DANA) inhibitors and highlights their interaction with the hPIV1-HN enzyme. We show that a strategic substitution, replacing the C5 isopropyl group in BCX 2798 with a trifluoroacetyl function, increases inhibitory potency 3- to 4-fold.

Compliance with recommended preventive behaviours and restrictions for Covid-19: an exploratory analysis of Italians' attitudes.

Background And Aim: as a reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic, countries all over the world have undertaken wide-scale measures to prevent and limit the spread of the virus. Suggested preventative measures mainly included "lockdown", social distancing, wearing facemasks, and vaccinations. The success of these measures was widely dependent on the cooperation of citizens.

Changing the stroke network during pandemic scenarios does not affect the management of patients with a positive Cincinnati prehospital stroke scale.

Introduction: Time plays a crucial role in the management of stroke, and changing the prehospital emergency network, altering the HUB and spoke relationship in pandemic scenarios, might have an impact on time to fibrinolysis or thrombectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the time-dependent stroke emergency network in Lombardy region (Italy) by comparing 2019 with 2020 and early 2021. Three parameters were investigated: (i) time of arrival of the first vehicle at the scene, (ii) overall duration of missions, and (iii) number of patients transported by emergency vehicles.

The Cryo-EM STRUCTURE of Renal Amyloid Fibril Suggests Structurally Homogeneous Multiorgan Aggregation in AL Amyloidosis.

Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL) is caused by the aberrant production of amyloidogenic light chains (LC) that accumulate as amyloid deposits in vital organs. Distinct LC sequences in each patient yield distinct amyloid structures. However different tissue microenvironments may also cause identical protein precursors to adopt distinct amyloid structures.

Recidivism risk in male adult sex offenders with psychopathic traits assessed by PCL-R: A systematic review.

Psychopathy has been empirically associated with various forms of antisocial behavior including sexual assault. In fact, the lack of empathy characterizing psychopathic offenders may facilitate the perpetration of more extreme violence. This systematic review aims to explore the relationship between psychopathy traits in male adult sex offenders and the increase in recidivism risk for any type of reoffence, with a special focus on sexual recidivism.

Training needs assessment of European frontline health care workers on vaccinology and vaccine acceptance: a systematic review.

Background: The issue of reluctance towards vaccination is becoming more worrisome. Health care workers (HCWs) are the primary point of contact with individuals who make decisions about vaccination. Therefore, it is crucial that HCWs receive sufficient training and periodic updates.

Effectiveness of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation at the Workplace.

Background: Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) is a medical emergency whose chances of survival can be increased by rapid Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and early use of Public Access Defibrillators (PAD). Basic Life Support (BLS) training became mandatory in Italy to spread knowledge of resuscitation maneuvers in the workplace. Basic Life Support (BLS) training became mandatory according to the DL 81/2008 law.

Spring, it's time to ROSC.

Out-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a multi-factor disease. Many studies have correlated OHCA with a patient's lifestyle; unfortunately, less evidence highlights the correlation with meteorological factors. Methods: Analysis of 23959 OHCA rescue performed by the emergency medical system (EMS) of Lombardy Region, the most Italian populated region, in 2018 and 2019, the pre-pandemic era through a retrospective observational cohort study.

Analysis of the intramolecular 1,7-lactone of N-acetylneuraminic acid using HPLC-MS: relationship between detection and stability.

A subclass of the sialic acid family consists of intramolecular lactones that may function as key indicators of physiological and pathological states. However, the existence of these compounds in free form is highly improbable, since they are unlikely to exist in an aqueous solution due to their lability. Current analytical method used to detect them in biological fluids has not recognized their reactivity in solution and is prone to misidentification.

Social Illness Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Regional Study.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has dramatically changed the epidemiology of several diseases. Much evidence on this has been published in the pandemic phase. In addition, many studies have shown that phenomena such as stress, substance abuse, and burnout increased in the general population during the lockdown.

Design, Synthesis, and Antiviral Evaluation of Sialic Acid Derivatives as Inhibitors of Newcastle Disease Virus Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase: A Translational Study on Human Parainfluenza Viruses.

Global infections with viruses belonging to the , such as Newcastle disease virus (NDV) or human parainfluenza viruses (hPIVs), pose a serious threat to animal and human health. NDV-HN and hPIVs-HN (HN hemagglutinin-neuraminidase) share a high degree of similarity in catalytic site structures; therefore, the development of an efficient experimental NDV host model (chicken) may be informative for evaluating the efficacy of hPIVs-HN inhibitors. As part of the broad research in pursuit of this goal and as an extension of our published work on antiviral drug development, we report here the biological results obtained with some newly synthesized C4- and C5-substituted 2,3-unsaturated sialic acid derivatives against NDV.

SIMED-New Doc course, a matter of reflection.

Background And Aim: Obtaining a degree in medicine in Italy qualifies for the medical profession; this fact has entailed a newly qualified doctor's remarkable involvement on the medical activities of the National Health Service, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. It is important to understand the knowledge of the newly qualified doctors and to create specific courses oriented to them. The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of a peer learning course for the students who attend the last year of medicine school, with the purpose of defining the formal requests to integrate on the course.

Stroke and the need for immediate assistance at the place of onset: the future of mandatory training for lay people in Italy.

Introduction: Lay training is essential to manage emergencies properly, although patients or bystanders need increased recognition of medical urgencies such as strokes. In Italy, as defined by Legislative Decree 81/08, all companies must train employees responsible for correctly recognizing and managing medical emergencies. Our study aims to evaluate the characteristics of medical emergencies concerning patients with a possible stroke in the Lombardy Region.

Changes to the Major Trauma Pre-Hospital Emergency Medical System Network before and during the 2019 COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objectives: During the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, emergency medical services (EMSs) were among the most affected; in fact, there were delays in rescue and changes in time-dependent disease networks. The aim of the study is to understand the impact of COVID-19 on the time-dependent trauma network in the Lombardy region. Methods: A retrospective analysis on major trauma was performed by analysing all records saved in the EmMa database from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019 and from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Lombardy Region ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Emergency Medical System Network-A Three-Year Study.

: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on emergency medical systems (EMS). Regarding the ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) dependent time network, however, there is little evidence linked to the post-pandemic phase regarding this issue. Such information could prove to be of pivotal importance regarding STEMI clinical management, especially pre-hospital clinical protocols such as fibrinolysis.