Comparison of Researcher-Led versus Teacher-Led effectiveness and fidelity: A Hybrid Type 1 study of Kids SIPsmartER in Appalachia middle schools.

The implementation of school-based obesity-prevention programs is understudied. Kids SIPsmartER is a 6-month, school-based, behavioral intervention for Appalachian middle school students and includes a teacher implementation strategy. Kids SIPsmartER effectively reduced students' sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) when Researcher-Led.

Spatial colocalization and combined survival benefit of natural killer and CD8 T cells despite profound MHC class I loss in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: MHC class I (MHC-I) loss is frequent in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) rendering tumor cells resistant to T cell lysis. NK cells kill MHC-I-deficient tumor cells, and although previous work indicated their presence at NSCLC margins, they were functionally impaired. Within, we evaluated whether NK cell and CD8 T cell infiltration and activation vary with MHC-I expression.

Innovative Strategies for Palliative Care in the Intensive Care Unit.

Palliative care is interdisciplinary care that addresses suffering and improves the quality of care for patients and families when patients are facing a life-threatening illness. Palliative care needs in the intensive care unit include communication regarding diagnosis and prognosis, goals-of-care conversations, multidimensional pain and symptom management, and end-of-life care that may include withdrawal of mechanical ventilation and life support. Registered nurses spend the greatest amount of time with patients and families who are facing death and serious illness, so nurses must be armed with adequate training, knowledge, and necessary tools to address patient and caregiver needs and deliver high-quality, patient-centered palliative care.

The Future State of Race/Ethnicity in Urology: Urology Workforce Projection From 2021-2061.

Objective: To project the proportion of the urology workforce that is from under-represented in medicine (URiM) groups between 2021-2061.

Methods: Demographic data were obtained from AUA Census and ACGME Data Resource Books. The number of graduating urology residents and proportion of URiM graduating residents were characterized with linear models.

Embodying performance excellence in medicine: Can help?

Performance excellence in healthcare relies on skilled situational awareness, but there is no comprehensive framework articulating within a situation requires awareness. Envisioning medicine as a performing artform, we introduce Mary Overlie's -a comprehensive, yet flexible, conceptual framework used in the performing arts world, for teaching, learning, and creating, for over 50 years. We imagine could serve as a framework to help improve verbal and non-verbal communication and collaboration on medical teams and between providers and their patients.

Emerging roles for ITAM and ITIM receptor signaling in microglial biology and Alzheimer's disease-related amyloidosis.

Microglia are critical responders to amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, the therapeutic targeting of microglia in AD is of high clinical interest. While previous investigation has focused on the innate immune receptors governing microglial functions in response to Aβ plaques, how microglial innate immune responses are regulated is not well understood.

Parylene-C Coating Protects Resin-3D-Printed Devices from Material Erosion and Prevents Cytotoxicity toward Primary Cells.

Resin 3D printing is attractive for the rapid fabrication of microscale cell culture devices, but common resin materials are unstable and cytotoxic under culture conditions. Strategies such as leaching or overcuring are insufficient to protect sensitive primary cells such as white blood cells. Here, we evaluated the effectiveness of using a parylene C coating of commercially available clear resins to prevent cytotoxic leaching, degradation of microfluidic devices, and absorption of small molecules.

Informing pandemic response in the face of uncertainty. .

Our ability to forecast epidemics more than a few weeks into the future is constrained by the complexity of disease systems, our limited ability to measure the current state of an epidemic, and uncertainties in how human action will affect transmission. Realistic longer-term projections (spanning more than a few weeks) may, however, be possible under defined scenarios that specify the future state of critical epidemic drivers, with the additional benefit that such scenarios can be used to anticipate the comparative effect of control measures. Since December 2020, the U.

New tools for immunologists: models of lymph node function from cells to tissues.

The lymph node is a highly structured organ that mediates the body's adaptive immune response to antigens and other foreign particles. Central to its function is the distinct spatial assortment of lymphocytes and stromal cells, as well as chemokines that drive the signaling cascades which underpin immune responses. Investigations of lymph node biology were historically explored in vivo in animal models, using technologies that were breakthroughs in their time such as immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies, genetic reporters, in vivo two-photon imaging, and, more recently spatial biology techniques.

PP2A modulation overcomes multidrug resistance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia via mPTP-dependent apoptosis.

Targeted therapies such as venetoclax (VEN) (Bcl-2 inhibitor) have revolutionized the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We previously reported that persister CLL cells in treated patients overexpress multiple antiapoptotic proteins and display resistance to proapoptotic agents. Here, we demonstrated that multidrug-resistant CLL cells in vivo exhibited apoptosis restriction at a pre-mitochondrial level due to insufficient activation of the Bax and Bak (Bax/Bak) proteins.

The Alzheimer's disease risk factor INPP5D restricts neuroprotective microglial responses in amyloid beta-mediated pathology.

Introduction: Mutations in INPP5D, which encodes for the SH2-domain-containing inositol phosphatase SHIP-1, have recently been linked to an increased risk of developing late-onset Alzheimer's disease. While INPP5D expression is almost exclusively restricted to microglia in the brain, little is known regarding how SHIP-1 affects neurobiology or neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis.

Methods: We generated and investigated 5xFAD Inpp5d Cx3cr1 mice to ascertain the function of microglial SHIP-1 signaling in response to amyloid beta (Aβ)-mediated pathology.

Are psychedelic medicines the reset for chronic pain? Preliminary findings and research needs.

Chronic pain is a leading cause of disability, reduced productivity, healthcare seeking behavior, and a contributor to opioid overdose in the United States. For many people, pain can be satisfactorily managed by existing medicines and comprehensive psychosocial treatments. For others, available treatments are either ineffective or not acceptable, due to side effects and concerns about risks.

A survey of COVID-19 detection and prediction approaches using mobile devices, AI, and telemedicine.

Since 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has had an extremely high impact on all facets of the society and will potentially have an everlasting impact for years to come. In response to this, over the past years, there have been a significant number of research efforts on exploring approaches to combat COVID-19. In this paper, we present a survey of the current research efforts on using mobile Internet of Thing (IoT) devices, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and telemedicine for COVID-19 detection and prediction.

SYK coordinates neuroprotective microglial responses in neurodegenerative disease.

Recent studies have begun to reveal critical roles for the brain's professional phagocytes, microglia, and their receptors in the control of neurotoxic amyloid beta (Aβ) and myelin debris accumulation in neurodegenerative disease. However, the critical intracellular molecules that orchestrate neuroprotective functions of microglia remain poorly understood. In our studies, we find that targeted deletion of SYK in microglia leads to exacerbated Aβ deposition, aggravated neuropathology, and cognitive defects in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination of children ages 5-11 years on COVID-19 disease burden and resilience to new variants in the United States, November 2021-March 2022: a multi-model study.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination of persons aged 12 years and older has reduced disease burden in the United States. The COVID-19 Scenario Modeling Hub convened multiple modeling teams in September 2021 to project the impact of expanding vaccine administration to children 5-11 years old on anticipated COVID-19 burden and resilience against variant strains.

Methods: Nine modeling teams contributed state- and national-level projections for weekly counts of cases, hospitalizations, and deaths in the United States for the period September 12, 2021 to March 12, 2022.

Surgeons' perspectives on operating room waste: Multicenter survey.

Background: Waste is endemic in the U.S. health care system.

Comparing two different family-based childhood obesity treatment programmes in a medically underserved region: Effectiveness, engagement and implementation outcomes from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Access to evidence- and family-based childhood obesity (FBCO) treatment interventions is a challenge, especially in underserved regions where childhood obesity disparities persist.

Objective: Compare two 6-month FBCO treatment interventions, iChoose (high intensity, parent-child dyads) and Family Connections (low intensity, parents only), in one underserved US region.

Methods: This unblinded, RCT reports on effectiveness and implementation outcomes.

Cross-Institutional Evaluation of the Abbott ARCHITECT SARS-CoV-2 IgG Immunoassay.

Objective: To describe a cross-institutional approach to verify the Abbott ARCHITECT SARS-CoV-2 antibody assay and to document the kinetics of the serological response.

Methods: We conducted analytical performance evaluation studies using the Abbott ARCHITECT SARS-CoV-2 antibody assay on 5 Abbott ARCHITECT i2000 automated analyzers at 2 academic medical centers.

Results: Within-run and between-run coefficients of variance (CVs) for the antibody assay did not exceed 5.

Artificial Pancreas: Evaluating the ARG Algorithm Without Meal Announcement.

Background: Either under standard basal-bolus treatment or hybrid closed-loop control, subjects with type 1 diabetes are required to count carbohydrates (CHOs). However, CHO counting is not only burdensome but also prone to errors. Recently, an artificial pancreas algorithm that does not require premeal insulin boluses-the so-called automatic regulation of glucose (ARG)-was introduced.

A comparative effectiveness trial of two family-based childhood obesity treatment programs in a medically underserved region: Rationale, design & methods.

While there is a large body of literature documenting the efficacy of family-based childhood obesity (FBCO) treatment interventions, there is little evidence that these interventions have been systematically translated into regular practice - particularly in health disparate regions. To address this research-practice gap, this project was guided by a community advisory board (CAB) and the RE-AIM planning and evaluation framework within a systems-based and community-based participatory research approach. Families with overweight or obese children between 5 and 12 years old, in the medically-underserved Dan River Region, were randomly assigned to one of two FBCO treatment programs (iChoose vs.

Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms and social determinants in primary care users in Brazil.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Although lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) have considerable clinical relevance, few propose evaluating its association with social conditions. Our study aimed to evaluate LUTS prevalence in primary care and its association with the social determinants of health (SDH).

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 322 females in the period of June to October 2016 that carried out consultations and screening to prevent gynecological cancer in a primary care unit.

From Doctors' Stories to Doctors' Stories, and Back Again.

Stories have always been central to medicine, but during the twentieth century bioscience all but eclipsed narrative's presence in medical practice. In Doctors' Stories, published in 1991, Kathryn Montgomery excavated medicine's narrative foundations and functions to reveal new possibilities for how to conceive and characterize medicine. Physicians' engagement with stories has since flourished, especially through the narrative medicine movement, although in the twenty-first century this has been challenged by the health care industry's business-minded and data-driven clinical systems.

Microbiota-Regulated IL-25 Increases Eosinophil Number to Provide Protection during Clostridium difficile Infection.

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the most common cause of hospital-acquired infection in the United States. Host susceptibility and the severity of infection are influenced by disruption of the microbiota and the immune response. However, how the microbiota regulate immune responses to mediate CDI outcome remains unclear.