Incidental Findings on Computed Tomography in Children With Blunt Abdominal Trauma.

Study Objective: Nontraumatic, incidental findings on computed tomography (CT) may be discovered after blunt abdominal trauma in children; however, the rate and importance of these findings are not well known. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and types of incidental CT findings among injured children undergoing abdominal/pelvic CT.

Methods: This was a planned secondary analysis of a multicenter prospective cohort study of children (<18 years) who underwent abdominal/pelvic CT after blunt trauma.

Novel Pharmacologic Treatments of Female Sexual Dysfunction.

This review evaluates pharmacologic treatments for female sexual dysfunction (FSD), focusing on hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD). We provide clinically relevant applications for Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medications (flibanserin and bremelanotide) and investigational therapies (Lorexys and testosterone combinations). Detailed study outcomes, safety profiles, and clinical strategies guide clinicians in appropriate diagnosis, patient selection, expectation setting, side effect management, and patient education, improving treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction.

Variation and assembly mechanisms of skin and cave environmental fungal communities during hibernation periods.

Animal skin acts as the barrier against invasion by pathogens and microbial colonizers. Environmental microbiota plays a significant role in shaping these microbial communities, which, in turn, have profound implications for host health. Previous research has focused on characterizing microorganisms on bats' skin and in their roosting environments, particularly bacterial communities.

Fluorescence Analysis of Quinine in Commercial Tonic Waters.

Quinine is known for treating malaria, muscle cramps, and, more recently, has been used as an additive in tonic water due to its bitter taste. However, it was shown that excessive consumption of quinine can have severe side effects on health. In this work, we utilized fluorescence spectroscopy to measure the concentration of quinine in commercial tonic water samples.

A method for facile production of variable lymphocyte receptors using SHuffle Escherichia coli.

Variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) are the antigen receptors of jawless vertebrates such as lamprey. VLRs are of growing biotechnological interest for their ability to bind certain antigenic targets with higher affinity than traditional immunoglobulins. However, VLRs are disulfide-bonded proteins that are often challenging to produce requiring genetic modifications, fusion partners, non-scalable host cell lines or inclusion body formation and refolding.

Interest in Injectable and Oral PrEP for HIV Prevention Among Women and Men Who Inject Drugs.

Background: People who inject drugs (PWID) are at increased risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Women who inject are a particularly vulnerable group. Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective, but access and uptake has been limited.

The Pseudoenzyme β-Amylase9 From Arabidopsis Activates α-Amylase3: A Possible Mechanism to Promote Stress-Induced Starch Degradation.

Starch accumulation in plants provides carbon for nighttime use, for regrowth after periods of dormancy, and for times of stress. Both ɑ- and β-amylases (AMYs and BAMs, respectively) catalyze starch hydrolysis, but their functional roles are unclear. Moreover, the presence of catalytically inactive amylases that show starch excess phenotypes when deleted presents questions on how starch degradation is regulated.

Structural insights into the role of the prosegment binding loop in a papain-superfamily cysteine protease from Treponema denticola.

Periodontal diseases afflict 20-50% of the global population and carry serious health and economic burdens. Chronic periodontitis is characterized by inflammation of the periodontal pocket caused by dysbiosis. This dysbiosis is coupled with an increase in the population of Treponema denticola, a spirochete bacterium with high mobility and invasivity mediated by a number of virulence factors.

High-grade liver injury: outcomes with a trauma surgery-liver surgery collaborative approach.

Background: Operative mortality for high-grade liver injury (HGLI) remains 42% to 66%, with near-universal mortality after retrohepatic caval injury. The objective of this study was to evaluate mortality and complications of operative and nonoperative management (OM and NOM) of HGLI at our institution, characterized by a trauma surgery-liver surgery collaborative approach to trauma care.

Methods: This was an observational cohort study of adult patients (age ≥16) with HGLI (The American Association for Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grades IV and V) admitted to an urban level I trauma center from January 2010 to November 2021.

Trauma Survivors Network: history and evolution of a program empowering survivors and families impacted by traumatic injury.

The Trauma Survivors Network (TSN), a program of the American Trauma Society (ATS), has a unique history spanning decades with a vision to continue expanding and strengthening services to support survivors and families impacted by traumatic injury. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the ATS has adapted TSN services to provide both virtual and in-person services for trauma survivors, increasing equity and inclusion for many survivors to access TSN services for the first time. The recent policy changes in the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma provide an impetus for the TSN to grow and expand services in support of a diverse group of trauma survivors and their loved ones.

Impact of mask wearing time on fluid consumption and physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: To examine the associations between mask-wearing on fluid consumption and physical activity behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: 137 college students (female, 72.5%; age, 26 ± 9 y) completed a survey detailing their fluid intake, physical activity behaviors, and time spent wearing a mask throughout the day during the previous month in the Fall 2020 academic semester.

Corrigendum: Combining Charlson comorbidity and VACS indices improves prognostic accuracy for all-cause mortality for patients with and without HIV in the Veterans Health Administration.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.

Comorbidity between internalizing symptoms and disordered eating is primarily driven by genetic influences on emotion regulation in adult female twins.

Internalizing (e.g., anxiety, depression) and disordered eating (DE; e.

Chronic calcified subdural hematoma masquerading as hemorrhagic extra-axial mass: A case report and brief review of the literature.

Calcified chronic subdural hematoma (CCSDH) is a rare condition characterized by the accumulation of calcified blood between the dura mater and arachnoid membrane, typically following remote trauma. These lesions often present as space-occupying, extra-axial masses over the cerebral convexity and can mimic extra-axial tumors, such as calcified meningiomas. A 73-year-old male with a history of prostate cancer, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia presented with vision changes and mild papilledema.

Impact of Total Body Surface Area Burn Injuries on Clinical Outcomes and Comorbidities in Elderly Patients Aged Over 65.

Introduction: Burn injuries are associated with high mortality and morbidity, especially in the elderly population. Although burns are preventable, they account for the fourth most common cause of trauma worldwide. The majority of the mortality associated with burn victims is also seen in the elderly age group.

Elective hand surgery and concomitant corticosteroid injection: Confirming increased infection risk using A national dataset.

Background: Recent studies demonstrate a link between corticosteroid injection and surgical complications when procedures occur shortly after steroid administration. These publications focus on single procedures like carpal tunnel release. This study seeks to demonstrate how surgical site infection risk changes across thirteen common elective hand procedures when steroid injection is performed contemporaneously.

Effect of long and short half-life PDE5 inhibitors on HbA1c levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, owing to their mechanism of action, have been gaining recognition as a potential case of drug repurposing and combination therapy for diabetes treatment. We aimed to examine the effect of long and short half-life PDE5 inhibitors have on Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in people with elevated HbA1c (>6%) to assess mean difference in HbA1c levels from baseline versus controls after any PDE5 inhibitor intervention of ≥4 weeks, excluding multiple interventions.

Muscarinic receptor agonists and positive allosteric modulators in animal models of psychosis: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Muscarinic receptor agonism and positive allosteric modulation is a promising mechanism of action for treating psychosis, not present in most D2R-blocking antipsychotics. Xanomeline, an M1/M4-preferring agonist, has shown efficacy in late-stage clinical trials, with more compounds being investigated. Therefore, we aim to synthesize evidence on the preclinical efficacy of muscarinic receptor agonists and positive allosteric modulators in animal models of psychosis to provide unique insights and evidence-based information to guide drug development.

Patients With a Quadriceps Tendon Autograft Demonstrate Greater Asymmetry in Landing Kinetics Than Patients With a Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Autograft 6 Months After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: Asymmetric landing kinetics 6 months after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are associated with higher risk of second anterior cruciate ligament injury. Little is known about landing kinetics after ACLR with an all-soft tissue quadriceps tendon (QT) autograft despite its increasingly common use in young, active patients.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare landing kinetics during a bilateral drop vertical jump (DVJ) 6 months after ACLR in participants who had undergone primary ACLR with a QT or bone-patellar tendon-bone (BTB) autograft.

DECORIN, a triceps-derived myokine, protects sorted β-cells and human islets against chronic inflammation associated with type 2 diabetes.

Aim: Pancreatic β-cells are susceptible to inflammation, leading to decreased insulin production/secretion and cell death. Previously, we have identified a novel triceps-derived myokine, DECORIN, which plays a pivotal role in skeletal muscle-to-pancreas interorgan communication. However, whether DECORIN can directly impact β-cell function and susceptibility to inflammation remains unexplored.

Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder at the Porta Hepatis Causing Hepatic Artery Stenosis and Cholestasis.

BACKGROUND Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) encompasses a group of disorders ranging from hyperplastic to malignant lymphoid proliferations in the post-transplant period owing to immunosuppression, often in the setting of EBV transformation. PTLD is a rare complication of immunosuppression that, like lymphomas, can have a variable presentation based on disease localization. We report a case of PTLD mass effect at the porta hepatis for the first time in the literature, resulting in hepatic artery stenosis (HAS) and common hepatic duct obstruction.

Canopy complexity drives positive effects of tree diversity on productivity in two tree diversity experiments.

Forest canopy complexity (i.e., the three-dimensional structure of the canopy) is often associated with increased species diversity as well as high primary productivity across natural forests.

Original Research: Nurses' Perceptions of the Role of Nursing Organizations in Promoting Engagement with the Sustainable Development Goals: A Global Study.

Background: RNs are integral to achieving the United Nations' 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Professional nursing organizations can play a significant role in educating and preparing nurses to work more effectively toward achieving the SDGs. While there is much literature that speaks to the importance of nurses engaging in these goals, there is a lack of research that has explored nurses' perceptions of the role of professional nursing organizations in promoting SDG-related knowledge and engagement.