Construction, molecular characterization, and safety assessment of mutant of Gallinarum.

This study involves the development and molecular characterization of the isogenic markerless knockout mutant SG Δ, a genetically engineered live attenuated strain aimed at controlling Gallinarum (SG) infection in poultry. The mutant was generated by deleting the gene using -Red recombination technology, impairing adenylosuccinate lyase, necessary for purine biosynthesis. An 1,180 bp deletion was engineered within the gene, leaving a residual 298 bp genomic scar resulting in a purine auxotrophic mutant.

Effect of wet feeding on performance, blood plasma indices, intestinal histomorphometry, and economics of broiler chickens under hot climatic conditions.

The study aimed to investigate the impact of wet feeding on broiler chicken performance and intestinal histomorphometry. The research was conducted at the Veterinary College, Udaipur, India, using 144 commercial broiler chicks from day 1 to 6 weeks of age. The chicks were divided randomly into three experimental groups, each with four replicates comprising 48 birds.

Interplay of Food-Derived Bioactive Peptides with Gut Microbiota: Implications for Health and Disease Management.

Bioactive peptides (BPs) are protein fragments with beneficial effects on metabolism, physiology, and diseases. This review focuses on proteolytic BPs, which are produced by the action of gut microbiota on proteins in food and have demonstrated to influence the composition of gut microbes. And gut microbiota are candidate targets of BPs to alleviate oxidative stress, enhance immunity, and control diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, obesity, cancer, and immune and neurodegenerative diseases.

Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Properties, Phytochemical Profile, and Antioxidant Activities between Red and Green Water Chestnut () Fruits.

The present study explored the nutritional composition, phytochemicals analysis, and antioxidant capacity of two indigenous varieties of red and green water chestnut (WCN) fruit grown in Pakistan. Accordingly, this study was designed to investigate the proximate composition (moisture, ash, fiber, proteins, fat, and energy), physicochemical properties (pH, °Brix, and glycemic index), minerals, and vitamins. The methanolic extracts of WCN fruits were explored for phytochemicals (total phenolic and flavonoid content), and antioxidant potential was examined in vitro by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity (DPPH) and Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP).

Isolation and identification of Clostridium perfringens and its toxins from mutton in Lahore City, Punjab, Pakistan.

The present study was aimed to detect C. perfringens and identify its toxins in mutton samples collected from Lahore City in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. A total of 40 samples of minced and non‑minced mutton were collected from local butcher and retail shops representing four areas of the city.

Novel thymohydroquinone gallate derivative loaded ligand modified quantum dots as pH-sensitive multi-modal theragnostic agent for cancer treatment.

Background: Nanomedicine, as the combination of radiopharmaceutical and nanocarrier (QDs), is developed for treating cancer. Gallic acid is antimutagenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic. Typical retention time of gallic acid is approximately 4 to 8 h.

Total Replacement of Soybean Meal with Sundried Soymilk Residue in the Total Mixed Ration has a Negative Impact on Intake, Digestibility, and Milk Production in Dairy Goats.

This study aimed to evaluate whether total replacement of soybean meal (SBM) with sundried soymilk residue (SSR) in a total mixed ration (TMR) affects intake, digestibility, milk production, and blood metabolites in dairy goats. A total of 12 healthy Saanen dairy goats (40.12 ± 5.

Assessment of functional efficacy of sheep plasma protein hydrolysates and their utilization in mutton sausage.

The present study examines the bioactive potential of sheep plasma protein hydrolysates (SPPH) produced by in-vitro gastrointestinal digestion as antioxidants, antimicrobials, anti-obesity agents, and inhibitors of lipid oxidation in sausage to address the oxidative stability and shelf-life issues of mutton. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, indicate a positive relationship between the degree of hydrolysis and digestion duration. The study finds that SPPH has a potent inhibitory effect on pancreatic lipase and cholesterol esterase.

Development of real-time RT-PCR systems for detection and quantitation of bovine enteric viral pathogens.

The enteric viruses in animals are responsible for severe and devastating losses to the livestock owners with a profound negative impact on animal, health, welfare, and productivity. These viruses are usually transmitted via the feco-oral route and primarily infect the digestive tract of the humans, bovines and different mammals as well as birds. Some of the important enteric viruses in ruminants are: Rotavirus A (RVA), Peste des petits virus (PPRV), Norovirus (NV), Bovine corona virus (BoCV) and Bluetongue virus (BTV).

Rapid detection of porcine sapelovirus by reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification assay.

Background: Porcine Sapelovirus (PSV) infection has been confirmed in pigs worldwide, mostly asymptomatic, but in some cases, it can lead to significant issues in the gastrointestinal, respiratory, neurological, or reproductive systems. PSV is considered an emerging pathogen of porcine species. Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is a simple and fast isothermal technique that uses three enzymes for amplification without the use of any sophisticated equipment.

Microencapsulation of Mitragyna leaf extracts to be used as a bioactive compound source to enhance in vitro fermentation characteristics and microbial dynamics.

Objective: Mitragyna speciosa Korth is traditionally used in Thailand. They have a high level of antioxidant capacities and bioactive compounds, the potential to modulate rumen fermentation and decrease methane production. The aim of the study was to investigate the different levels of microencapsulated-Mitragyna leaves extracts (MMLE) supplementation on nutrient degradability, rumen ecology, microbial dynamics, and methane production in an in vitro study.

Investigating the impact of linseed supplementation, rich in omega-3 fatty acids, on the expression of immune genes in Beetal Goats.

The present study investigated the effect of linseed supplementation on serum profiling and differential expression levels of IL-2 and TLR 2 genes involved in the immune system of lactating goats. The study was conducted on 15 lactating Beetal goats for 3 months, which were divided into three groups. Treatment group T was kept as a control group with no linseed supplementation, whereas treatment group T received ground linseed at the rate 10% of concentrate per day per animal, and treatment group T received 20% ground linseed.

Effect of Penthorum Chinense Pursh Compound on AFB1-Induced Immune Imbalance via JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway in Spleen of Broiler Chicken.

Aflatoxin B1(AFB1) is the main secondary metabolite produced by Aspergillus flavus, which is highly toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic. It can induce immune imbalance in animals or humans. Pursh (PCP) is a traditional herbal plant that has been used as a hepatoprotective drug with a long history in China.

Medicinal Plant-derived Phytochemicals in Detoxification.

The average worldwide human life expectancy is 70 years, with a significantly higher value in Western societies. Many modern diseases are not associated with premature mortality but with a decreased quality of life in aged patients and an excessive accumulation of various toxic compounds in the human body during life. Today, scientists are especially interested in finding compounds that can help increase a healthy lifespan by detoxifying the body.

Quality of life and wellbeing among breast cancer patients in Lahore, Pakistan.

Background: Breast cancer has a high incidence rate, emphasizing the necessity of enhanced information on health-related quality of life (HrQOL) in this population of patients. The aim of this study was to identify the factors influencing the QOL experienced by patients in Pakistan.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on women with breast cancer, and four instruments were used on a random sample of 130 Pakistani women: FACIT-B Version 4 questionnaire,WHO causality assessment scale, Naranjo's algorithm, and a demographic/clinical characteristics section.

Multifunctional analysis and antimicrobial activity of : a traditional medicinal plant.

Objectives: Antibiotic resistance is rising, prompting innovative strategies for eradicating the epidemic. This study investigated the antibacterial properties of the leaves of a widely used medicinal plant, .

Methods: The plant's polar (water, methanol) and non-polar (hexane) extracts were tested against several different bacterial strains using the disc diffusion technique.

Freezability and Fertility Rates of Stallion Semen Supplemented With Trehalose in Lactose Extender.

Cryopreservation of stallion semen is often associated with poor post-thaw sperm quality. One of the reason for this diminished quality is osmotic stress that spermatozoa experiences during freezing and thawing process. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cryoprotective effect of trehalose on stallion sperm quality and field fertility rates subjected to cooling and freeze-thawing process.

Multiplex PCR for rapid differential diagnosis of co-prevalent species of Theileria (Theileria annulata and Theileria orientalis) in cattle.

Theileriosis is a tick-borne disease that causes enormous losses in the dairy industry. There are several species of Theileria that can infect bovines. Generally, more than one species are prevalent in any geographical area; thus, chances of co-infections are high.

The effect of Acacia nilotica bark extract on growth performance, carcass characteristics, immune response, and intestinal morphology in broilers as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoter.

Objective: Present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of Acacia nilotica bark extract as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in broilers.

Methods: Six hundred, day-old broiler chicks were randomly divided into six groups (NC, without any supplementation; AB, NC+Zinc Bacitracin; PB, NC+Safmannan; ANBE1, NC+A. nilotica bark extract 0.

Characterization of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria isolated from mustard (Brassica juncea L.) rhizosphere having the capability of improving sulfur and nitrogen uptake.

Aims: The present investigation was carried out to isolate, screen and characterize potential sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) isolated from mustard field's soil.

Methods And Results: A total of 130 bacteria were isolated and after screening five maximum sulfate-producing isolates were optimized for culture conditions. The incubation time of 48 h was found optimum for all bacterial isolates and 30°C was the best temperature for the growth of SSD11, SSR1 and SSG8 whereas 35°C for SSF17.

Evaluation of knowledge and practices about administration and regulations of high alert medications among hospital pharmacists in Pakistan: findings and implications.

Background: A death of a nine months old child in Pakistan following the rapid administration of potassium chloride raised serious concerns on the awareness of appropriate use of high alert medications (HAMs) among healthcare professionals (HCPs). This study aimed to ascertain HAMs-related knowledge among hospital pharmacists in Pakistan.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study using exponential non-discriminative snowball sampling was conducted among hospital pharmacists in healthcare settings in Punjab, Pakistan.

Acute Kidney Injury and Mortality among Patients with Coronavirus Disease-2019 in Pakistan.

The kidney is the most vulnerable organ in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients besides the lungs, with evidence of acute kidney injury (AKI). We aimed to find the prevalence of AKI among COVID-19 patients and further evaluate the association of between COVID-19 and AKI along with an understanding of mortality. A prospective observational study was conducted among COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital, Hayatabad Medical Complex, between March 2020 and June 2020.

Salivary cell-free and transcripts as potential biomarkers for estrus identification in buffaloes ().

Estrus detection is a major problem in buffaloes because of the poor expression of estrus signs leading to low reproductive efficiency. Salivary transcripts analysis is a promising tool to identify biomarkers; therefore, the present study was carried out to evaluate their potential as estrus biomarkers. The levels of , , , transcripts were compared in saliva during estrous cycle stages [early proestrus (day -2, EP), late proestrus (day-1, LP), estrus (E), metestrus (ME) and diestrus (DE)] of cyclic heifers ( = 8) and pluriparous ( = 8) buffaloes by employing quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).