Psychotic experiences among informal caregivers: findings from 48 low- and middle-income countries.

Purpose: Informal caregivers may be at high risk for psychotic experiences (PE) due to caregiving related stress, sleep issues, or other potential mechanisms, but this has not been previously investigated in the general adult population. Thus, we examined the association between caregiving and PE, and its mediators, in a large sample of adults from 48 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods: Cross-sectional, community-based data from the World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Survey were analyzed.

The association of cooking fuels with depression and anxiety symptoms among adults aged ≥65 years from low- and middle-income countries.

Background: We aimed to investigate associations of unclean cooking fuels with depression and anxiety symptoms in a large sample of adults aged ≥65 years from six low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods: Cross-sectional, community-based, nationally representative data from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) were analyzed. Unclean cooking fuel referred to kerosene/paraffin, coal/charcoal, wood, agriculture/crop, animal dung, and shrubs/grass.

The effect of pharmacological treatment and lifestyle modification in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver disease that affects approximately 25% of the world's population, and various treatments have been applied for NAFLD patients. We compared the effectiveness of each intervention conducted to treat NAFLD by evaluating meta-analyses of pharmacological interventions and lifestyle modification including diet and exercise. We searched Pubmed/Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library and included meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of pharmacological intervention and lifestyle modification on NAFLD.

Genetic Variability in Balkan Paleoendemic Resurrection Plants and Across Their Range and in the Zone of Sympatry.

The genus includes three Paleoendemic and Tertiary relict species that survived in refugial habitats of the Balkan Peninsula ( and ) and the Iberian Peninsula (). They are all "resurrection plants," a rare phenomenon among flowering plants in Europe. and are diploids (2 = 2 = 48), while is a hexaploid (2 = 6 = 144).

Post-COVID-19 conditions in children and adolescents diagnosed with COVID-19.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of and the factors associated with post-COVID-2019 condition in COVID-19 children and adolescents in Germany.

Methods: The present retrospective cohort study used data from the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA), and included patients aged <18 years who were diagnosed with COVID-19 in one of 524 general and 81 pediatric practices in Germany between October 2020 and August 2021 (index date: first COVID-19 diagnosis). Post-COVID-19 condition was assessed between the index date and November 2021.

Immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with diverse health conditions: A comprehensive systematic review.

It remains unclear how effective COVID-19 vaccinations will be in patients with weakened immunity due to diseases, transplantation, and dialysis. We conducted a systematic review comparing the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with solid tumor, hematologic malignancy, autoimmune disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and patients who received transplantation or dialysis. A literature search was conducted twice using the Medline/PubMed database.

No effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prescription of insulin in Germany.

Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate the change of insulin doses in Germany between 2017 and 2021.

Methods: This retrospective study used data from the longitudinal prescription LRx database (IQVIA) and included all patients with at least two insulin prescriptions per year in 2017-2021. Calculated daily dose (CDD) was assessed in 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021, separately.

Physical multimorbidity predicts the onset and persistence of anxiety: A prospective analysis of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing.

Background: The aims of the present study were to examine prospective associations of multimorbidity (i.e., ≥2 chronic conditions) at baseline with incident and persistent anxiety over a two-year follow-up period among Irish older adults, and to quantify the extent to which sleep, pain, and disability mediate the multimorbidity-anxiety relationship.

Cross-sectional study on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and determinants in healthcare students: interdisciplinary trainings on vaccination are needed.

Background: To ensure the success of COVID-19 vaccination, public authorities need to have the support of the entire population and build vaccine confidence. Identifying and understanding the determinants of vaccine acceptance is essential for conducting vaccine strategy. The aim was to estimate vaccine hesitancy among healthcare students in France and to investigate the associated factors.

The challenge for general practitioners to keep in touch with vulnerable patients during the COVID-19 lockdown: an observational study in France.

Background: In France, the first COVID-19-related lockdown (17th March to 10th May 2020) resulted in a major decrease in healthcare service utilization. This raised concerns about the continuity of care for vulnerable patients.

Objectives: To identify individual and organizational factors associated with the initiatives taken by French GPs to contact vulnerable patients during the lockdown.

The global burden of sudden infant death syndrome from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019.

Background: Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) still remains one of the leading causes of infant death worldwide, especially in high-income countries. To date, however, there is no detailed information on the global health burden of SIDS.

Aims: To characterize the global disease burden of SIDS and its trends from 1990 to 2019 and to compare the burden of SIDS according to the socio-demographic index (SDI).

Physical multimorbidity and depression: A mediation analysis of influential factors among 34,129 adults aged ≥50 years from low- and middle-income countries.

Background: There is a scarcity of literature on the association between physical multimorbidity (i.e., ≥2 chronic physical conditions) and depression among older adults, especially from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Deep brain stimulation of the thalamus restores signatures of consciousness in a nonhuman primate model.

Loss of consciousness is associated with the disruption of long-range thalamocortical and corticocortical brain communication. We tested the hypothesis that deep brain stimulation (DBS) of central thalamus might restore both arousal and awareness following consciousness loss. We applied anesthesia to suppress consciousness in nonhuman primates.

Differential expression of MicroRNAs in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) results in progressive cognitive decline owing to the accumulation of amyloid plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have attracted attention as a putative diagnostic and therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases. However, existing meta-analyses on AD and its association with miRNAs have produced inconsistent results.

Long-term Air Pollution Exposure and Pneumonia-related Mortality in a Large Pooled European Cohort.

Ambient air pollution exposure has been linked to mortality from chronic cardiorespiratory diseases, while evidence on respiratory infections remains more limited. We examined the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and pneumonia-related mortality in adults in a pool of eight European cohorts. Within the multicenter project ELAPSE (Effects of Low-Level Air Pollution: A Study in Europe), we pooled data from eight cohorts among six European countries.

Comparative effectiveness of N95, surgical or medical, and non-medical facemasks in protection against respiratory virus infection: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

The aim of this systematic review and network meta-analysis is to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of N95, surgical/medical and non-medical facemasks as personal protective equipment against respiratory virus infection. The study incorporated 35 published and unpublished randomized controlled trials and observational studies investigating specific mask effectiveness against influenza virus, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar and medRxiv databases for studies published up to 5 February 2021 (PROSPERO registration: CRD42020214729).

Prevalence of and factors associated with long-term sick leave in working-age adults with chronic low back pain in Germany.

Objective: There are little data on the impact of chronic low back pain (CLBP) on long-term sick leave. Thus, the aim was to investigate the prevalence of and the factors associated with long-term sick leave in working-age adults with CLBP in Germany.

Methods: This retrospective study included adults aged 18-65 years diagnosed for the first time with CLBP in one of 1193 general practices in Germany between 2000 and 2019.

Characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing anesthesia while SARS-CoV-2 infected or suspected: a multicenter register of consecutive patients.

Background: There are limited data to detail the perioperative anesthetic management and the incidence of postoperative respiratory complications among patients requiring an anesthetic procedure while being SARS-CoV-2 positive or suspected.

Methods: An observational multicenter cohort study was performed including consecutive patients who were SARS-CoV-2 confirmed or suspected and who underwent scheduled and emergency anesthesia between March 17 and May 26, 2020.

Results: A total of 187 patients underwent anesthesia with SARS-CoV-2 confirmed or suspected, with ultimately 135 (72.