Cultivating Environmental Ignorance: Non-Circulation of Ethnomedicinal Knowledge about () in the Atlantic World (1646-1810).

A growing body of literature recognises the importance of exploring the uses of plants in historical written sources. The Chilean native plant () has a long history of medicinal use, with various parts of the plant, including its leaves, aerial parts, and roots, employed to treat numerous ailments. This study undertakes a Critical Discourse Analysis of historical sources, specifically books published between the 17th and early 19th centuries (1646-1810), focusing on the medicinal applications of .

Calibration of Arctic ice core bromine enrichment records for past sea ice reconstructions.

Bromine in ice cores has been proposed as a qualitative sea ice proxy to produce sea ice reconstructions for the polar regions. Here we report the first statistical validation of this proxy with satellite sea ice observations by combining bromine enrichment (with respect to seawater, Br) records from three Greenlandic ice cores (SIGMA-A, NU and RECAP) with satellite sea ice imagery, over three decades. We find that during the 1984-2016 satellite-era, ice core Br values are significantly correlated with first-year sea ice formed in the Baffin Bay and Labrador Sea supporting that the gas-phase bromine enrichment processes, preferentially occurring over the sea ice surface, are the main driver for the Br signal in ice cores.

From the highway to receiving water bodies: identification and simultaneous quantification of small microplastics (< 100 µm) in highway stormwater runoff.

Highway stormwater (HSW) runoff is among the environment's most important sources of microplastics. This study aimed to characterize via vibrational spectroscopy and quantify SMPs (small microplastics < 100 µm) in HSW runoff from a trafficked highway entering a facility equipped with a filtration system and in those flowing out to the receiving water body near agricultural activities. Samples of the inlet runoff (from the highway) and outlet runoff (the discharge into the environment) were collected in different periods to investigate potential seasonal and spatial differences.

Impacts of land-use and land-cover changes on temperature-related mortality.

Background: Land-use and land-cover change (LULCC) can substantially affect climate through biogeochemical and biogeophysical effects. Here, we examine the future temperature-mortality impact for two contrasting LULCC scenarios in a background climate of low greenhouse gas concentrations. The first LULCC scenario implies a globally sustainable land use and socioeconomic development (sustainability).

Long-term Associations Between Time-varying Exposure to Ambient PM 2.5 and Mortality: An Analysis of the UK Biobank.

Background: Evidence for long-term mortality risks of PM 2.5 comes mostly from large administrative studies with incomplete individual information and limited exposure definitions. Here we assess PM 2.

Synergistic interfacial electronic modulation of topotactically developed bimetallic CoNiP on NiS nanorods for enhanced alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction.

Designing hybrid transition metal phosphosulfide electrocatalysts is critical for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). We propose a novel approach by designing a hierarchical structure of cobalt phosphide (CoP) and nickel phosphide (NiP) nanoparticles topotactically developed on nickel sulfide (NiS) nanorods (CoNiP/NiS) a sulfuration-phosphorization strategy using conductive 3D nickel foam. Hierarchical heterostructured nanorods were achieved without the need for template removal steps or the assistance of surfactants.

ON-OFF Switching of Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by Built-in Pt-Nitrogen-Carbon Reticular Heterojunctions.

COF engineering with a built-in, high concentration of defined N-doped sites overcomes the "black-box" drawback of conventional trial-and-error N-doping methods (used in polymeric carbon nitride and graphene), that hamper a directed evolution of functional carbon interfaces based on structure-reactivity guidelines. The cutting-edge challenge is to dissect the many complex and interdependent functions that originate from reticular N-doping, including modification of the material optoelectronics, band alignments, interfacial contacts and co-localization of active-sites, producing a multiple-set of effectors that can all play a role to regulate photocatalysis. Herein, an ON-OFF gated photocatalytic H evolution (PHE) is dictated by the Pt-N-carbon active sites and probed with a dual COF platform, based on stable β-ketoenamine connectivities made of triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) as the acceptor knots and 1,4-diaminonaphtalene (Naph) or 5,8-diaminoisoquinoline (IsoQ) as donors.

Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of Steviol Glycosides: Spectral Database and Quality Control Algorithms.

Besides all sharing an extraordinary high (i.e., up to ~450 times) sweetening power as compared to sucrose and while presenting strong similarities in their molecular structures, molecules belonging to the family of diterpene glycosides (i.

Predictors of Poor Mental Health Outcomes in Healthcare Workers during COVID-19: A Two Waves Study.

This cross-sectional study aimed to identify potential predictors of poor mental health outcomes among healthcare workers in two different waves of the COVID-19 emergency in Italy. An online survey collected data from N = 557 healthcare workers (21-77 years). The study predictors were sociodemographic characteristics, occupational status, factors related to the work environment, COVID-19-related adverse events, and lifetime traumatic events.

Service users perspectives on psychosis-risk terminology: An Italian study on labeling terms preferences and stigma.

Aims: The current range of labeling terms-at-risk mental state (ARMS), ultra-high risk for psychosis (UHR), and attenuated psychotic syndrome (APS)-used to refer to the psychosis-risk concept is varied, and their acceptability and potential stigma are not well understood. By involving Italian youth with lived experience of mental ill-health, we aimed to generate new labeling terms for psychosis-risk, and to evaluate literacy, attitudes, and preferences regarding these and the existing terms. Additionally, we investigated opinions of disclosure of the at-risk concept in clinical practice.

A GIS-MCDA approach to map environmental suitability of Posidonia oceanica meadows as blue nature-based solutions in the Mediterranean eco-region.

The growing environmental risks induced by interacting climate and human-induced pressures threaten the survival and growth of marine coastal ecosystems (MCEs) and the ecosystem services they provide. Nature-based solutions (NBS), consisting of ecosystem-based approaches, have emerged as vital tools for climate adaptation and mitigation facing biodiversity loss and societal challenges. Identifying suitable environmental conditions for implementing Blue-NBS in marine coastal areas is a key priority to drive robust and cost-effective nature-based adaptation pathways.

Physical Activity in Cancer Rehabilitation and Technology Acceptance: Results From the "Oncology in Motion" Project.

Aims: The international literature underlines that physical activity has a role in preventing cancer and is beneficial for cancer recovery and rehabilitation. Therefore, patient education is essential to stimulate training. Telemedicine and e-health tools like apps and wearables can support patients' education and the monitoring of their health condition and progress.

Where the Patterns Are: Repetition-Aware Compression for Colored de Bruijn Graphs.

We describe lossless compressed data structures for the de Bruijn graph (or c-dBG). Given a collection of reference sequences, a c-dBG can be essentially regarded as a map from -mers to their . The color set of a -mer is the set of all identifiers, or , of the references that contain the -mer.

Voice pitch and gender in autism.

It is has often been observed that autistic individuals have higher-pitched voices than non-autistic ones, but no clear explanation for this difference has been put forth. However, autistic males are still dramatically over-represented in published research, including the acoustic studies that report higher pitch in autistic participants. In this study, we collected speech samples from a group of autistic and neurotypical adults that, unlike in most studies, was perfectly balanced between groups and genders.

Selective Labeling of Small Microplastics with SERS-Tags Based on Gold Nanostars: Method Optimization Using Polystyrene Beads and Application in Environmental Samples.

Microplastics pollution is being unanimously recognized as a global concern in all environments. Routine analysis protocols foresee that samples, which are supposed to contain up to hundreds of microplastics, are eventually collected on nanoporous filters and inspected by microspectroscopy techniques like micro-FTIR or micro-Raman. All particles, whether made of plastic or not, must be inspected one by one to detect and count microplastics.

Electrochemical sensors for fast classification of different Cannabis sativa L. samples according to total Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol content.

In this work, we investigated the ability of an electrochemical sensor to recognize Cannabis sativa L. samples with different total content of Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-THC), determined by the levels of the psychoactive cannabinoid and of its biosynthetic precursor Δ-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (Δ-THCA), using a multivariate approach. The voltammetric responses recorded with screen-printed electrodes modified with carbon black reflected the compositional differences from the different samples, in terms of cannabinoids of the vegetal material.

Hypoxia extreme events in a changing climate: Machine learning methods and deterministic simulations for future scenarios development in the Venice Lagoon.

Climate change pressures include the dissolved oxygen decline that in lagoon ecosystems can lead to hypoxia, i.e. low dissolved oxygen concentrations, which have consequences to ecosystem functioning including biogeochemical cycling from mild to severe disruption.

Effects of COVID-19 nursing home restrictions on people with dementia involved in a Supportive Care programme.

Background: Supportive Care is a person-centred approach encompassing non-pharmacological interventions targeted towards persons with dementia to contain the effects of their behavioural disorders, improving their quality of life.

Aims: To investigate the effects of lockdown restrictions during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic on behavioural symptoms of patients involved in a Supportive Care programme in an Italian nursing home.

Methods: Analysis is based on Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) scores and related symptoms data collected before (October/November 2019) and after (July 2020) the introduction of COVID-19 restrictions on a non-random sample of 75 patients living in two units of the facility: 38 involved in a Supportive Care programme and 37 receiving standard care (Control).

Occurrence and spatial distribution of microplastics in water and sediments of Hatiya Island, Bangladesh and their risk assessment.

This research has evaluated the MPs distribution, characteristics, and potential threats of MPs in surface water and sediments from Hatiya Island. The results showed that the abundance of MPs was 139 ± 44 items/m in surface water and 493 ± 80 items/kg dw in sediments, indicating higher levels of MPs contamination in sediment samples. Fibers were the predominant kind of microplastics, and microscopic sizes (0.

Promoting civil discourse on social media using nudges: A tournament of seven interventions.

In this article, we test and compare several message-based nudges designed to promote civil discourse and reduce the circulation of harmful content such as hate speech. We conducted a large pre-registered experiment ( = 4,081) to measure the effectiveness of seven nudges: making descriptive norms, injunctive norms, or personal norms salient, cooling down negative emotions, stimulating deliberation or empathy, and highlighting reputation. We used an online platform that reproduces a social media newsfeed and presented the nudge as a message when entering the platform.