Comprehensive air quality assessment including non-targeted approaches in primary schools from Spain.

This work aims to establish a strategy to comprehensively assess the indoor air quality in schools including the analysis of chemical pollutants, bio-aerosols like fungi, bacteria and respiratory viruses and the identification of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds applying non-targeted approaches. For this, a pilot study was performed in four primary schools from Spain, located in different urban and rural areas during different seasons. Common indoor pollutants, like CO NO, O, CO, particulate matter (PM, PM), ultrafine particles (UFP), total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), and formaldehyde (HCHO), were assessed in terms of maximum recommended levels, daily variations, seasonality, and school location.

Air quality of health facilities in Spain.

The present study examines indoor air pollution in health facilities, focusing on compounds from various sources, such as industrial products, healthcare activities and building materials. It assesses chemical and microbiological concentrations in two public hospitals, two public healthcare centres, and one public health laboratory in Spain. Measurements included indoor air quality, microbiological contaminants, ambient parameters and non-target analysis across ten different locations.

Indoor Air Quality and Bioaerosols in Spanish University Classrooms.

A comprehensive study assessed indoor air quality parameters, focusing on relevant air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM and PM), gaseous compounds (CO, CO, formaldehyde, NO) and volatile/semi-volatile organic chemicals, as well as respiratory viruses (including SARS-CoV-2), fungi and bacteria in Spanish university classrooms. Non-target screening strategies evaluated the presence of organic pollutants inside and outside the classrooms. Saliva samples from teachers and students were collected to explore correlations between respiratory viruses in the air and biological samples.

Cytomegalovirus specific polyfunctional T-cell responses expressing CD107a predict control of CMV infection after liver transplantation.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) viral load after liver transplantation (LT) is controlled by cell mediated immune responses (CMI). Quantification of CMV-specific T-cells may identify patients who control CMV spontaneously and avoid expensive and potentially toxic antiviral therapies. Prospective post-LT clinical, virological and immunological monitoring was carried out up to 1-year post-LT in a cohort of adult recipients.

A Multicentre, Randomised, Controlled Trial of a Combined Clinical Treatment for First-Episode Psychosis.

Introduction: There is evidence that early intervention contributes to improving the prognosis and course of first-episode psychosis (FEP). However, further randomised treatment clinical trials are needed.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of a combined clinical treatment involving Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) as an adjunctive to treatment-as-usual (TAU) (CBT+TAU) versus TAU alone for FEP.

In reply to the letter to the editor regarding "Palisade cartilage tympanoplasty compared to one-piece composite cartilage-perichondrium grafts for transcanal endoscopic treatment of subtotal tympanic membrane perforations: a retrospective study".

This is a reply letter to the manuscript "The size and diameter of pieces of cartilage are not fixed for the palisade technique and one-piece technique", regarding the elevation of a tympanomeatal flap and keratin pearl formation in "Palisade cartilage tympanoplasty compared to one-piece composite cartilage-perichondrium grafts for transcanal endoscopic treatment of subtotal tympanic membrane perforations: a retrospective study" ( https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-020-05947-3 ).

Palisade cartilage tympanoplasty compared to one-piece composite cartilage-perichondrium grafts for transcanal endoscopic treatment of subtotal tympanic membrane perforations: a retrospective study.

Purpose: The endoscopic approach to tympanoplasty is gaining popularity, but its adoption for the palisade tympanoplasty technique is unstudied. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of endoscopic cartilage palisade tympanoplasty compared to one-piece composite cartilage-perichondrium grafts for tympanic membrane closure in adult patients with subtotal perforations.

Methods: Retrospective study of 42 adult patients who underwent endoscopic tympanoplasty for a subtotal perforation in a university tertiary referral center from January 2018 to June 2019.

Blunted cortisol response to stress in patients with eating disorders: Its association to bulimic features.

Objective: Clinical research on cortisol response to stress in patients with eating disorders has provided controversial and even contradictory results. As this might be the consequence of the inclusion in the studies of heterogeneous clinical populations, 3 highly selected samples were studied.

Methods: Dexamethasone suppression test was performed on 15 restricting anorexia nervosa patients without history of bulimia nervosa (BN), 17 BN patients with normal weight and no history of anorexia nervosa, and 22 healthy controls.

Lipid profile, cardiovascular disease and mortality in a Mediterranean high-risk population: The ESCARVAL-RISK study.

Introduction: The potential impact of targeting different components of an adverse lipid profile in populations with multiple cardiovascular risk factors is not completely clear. This study aims to assess the association between different components of the standard lipid profile with all-cause mortality and hospitalization due to cardiovascular events in a high-risk population.

Methods: This prospective registry included high risk adults over 30 years old free of cardiovascular disease (2008-2012).

Tobacco smoking and its association with cognition in first episode psychosis patients.

Available evidence suggests that nicotine may enhance cognitive functioning. Moreover, it has been suggested that the high prevalence of smoking in people with schizophrenia is in part due to self-medication behaviour to alleviate cognitive deficits. We assessed the association between tobacco smoking and cognitive functioning in a large population of first episode psychosis (FEP) patients (n=304) and healthy controls (n=156).

Defining and Assessing Public Health Functions: A Global Analysis.

Given the broad scope and intersectoral nature of public health structures and practices, there are inherent difficulties in defining which services fall under the public health remit and in assessing their capacity and performance. The aim of this study is to analyze how public health functions and practice have been defined and operationalized in different countries and regions around the world, with a specific focus on assessment tools that have been developed to evaluate the performance of essential public health functions, services, and operations. Our review has identified nearly 100 countries that have carried out assessments, using diverse analytical and methodological approaches.

Nutritional medicine as mainstream in psychiatry.

Psychiatry is at an important juncture, with the current pharmacologically focused model having achieved modest benefits in addressing the burden of poor mental health worldwide. Although the determinants of mental health are complex, the emerging and compelling evidence for nutrition as a crucial factor in the high prevalence and incidence of mental disorders suggests that diet is as important to psychiatry as it is to cardiology, endocrinology, and gastroenterology. Evidence is steadily growing for the relation between dietary quality (and potential nutritional deficiencies) and mental health, and for the select use of nutrient-based supplements to address deficiencies, or as monotherapies or augmentation therapies.

Natural environments, ancestral diets, and microbial ecology: is there a modern "paleo-deficit disorder"? Part II.

Famed microbiologist René J. Dubos (1901-1982) was an early pioneer in the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) construct. In the 1960s, he conducted groundbreaking research concerning the ways in which early-life experience with nutrition, microbiota, stress, and other environmental variables could influence later-life health outcomes.

Natural environments, ancestral diets, and microbial ecology: is there a modern "paleo-deficit disorder"? Part I.

Famed microbiologist René J. Dubos (1901-1982) was an early pioneer in the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) construct. In the 1960s, he conducted groundbreaking experimental research concerning the ways in which early-life experience with nutrition, microbiota, stress, and other environmental variables could influence later-life health outcomes.

HDlive 3D ultrasound and follicular development.

Two-dimensional (2D) ultrasonography is the fundamental technology on which diagnosis, management, and control in reproductive medicine depends. Over the years there have been efforts to improve 2D ultrasound image quality. In recent years, a series of software has appeared that has generated enormous interest.

Differential associations of cognitive insight components with pretreatment characteristics in first-episode psychosis.

An increasing number of studies have focused on cognitive insight (i.e. awareness of one's own thinking) in psychotic disorders.

Therapeutic use of omega-3 fatty acids in bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe, chronic affective disorder, associated with significant disability, morbidity and premature mortality. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play several important roles in brain development and functioning. Evidence from animal models of dietary omega-3 (n-3) PUFA deficiency suggest that these fatty acids are relevant to promote brain development and to regulate behavioral and neurochemical aspects related to mood disorders, such as stress responses, depression and aggression, as well as dopaminergic content and function.

Cytokeratin expression patterns in low-grade papillary urothelial neoplasms of the urinary bladder.

Background: The differential expression patterns of cytokeratin 20 (CK20) and 34betaE12 antigen in low-grade papillary urothelial tumors of the bladder are discussed.

Methods: A retrospective study of 120 patients with low-grade papillary bladder tumors (45 neoplasms of low malignant potential and 75 low-grade WHO G1 carcinomas) was performed. All tumors were graded in accordance with the 1998 World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology (WHO/ISUP) and 1999 WHO classifications.

On the convergent validity of two Parental Rearing Behaviour Scales: EMBU and PBI.

The EMBU and PBI are two of the most used Parental Rearing Behaviour questionnaires. The literature assumes a high correlation between homonymous and assimilable factors (PBI Care and EMBU Affectional Warmth, PBI Control and EMBU Overprotection). Using a sample of 796 subjects the authors carried out the joint application of both scales in order to determine their concurrent validity.

Testicular sperm extraction and intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a chance of fertility in nonobstructive azoospermia.

Purpose: We evaluate the efficacy of testicular sperm extraction and results of intracytoplasmic sperm injection in cases of nonobstructive azoospermia. In addition, we define predictive parameters for successful testicular sperm extraction in these patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 154 patients with nonobstructive azoospermia underwent multiple testicular biopsies to obtain testicular spermatozoa and for histopathological diagnosis.

Bone remodeling in malunited fractures in children. Is it reliable?

Fracture malunion is not a rare phenomenon in children due to the frequent use of closed reduction treatments. In this article, the processes of bone remodeling in cases of angular and rotational deformities, overriding of bone fragments, and overgrowth are addressed. Critical analyses of the mechanisms to correct these deformities, function of the physis and periosteum, and other related factors are given.