Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of childhood tuberculosis in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a leading cause of infection-related deaths worldwide. Children with underdeveloped immune systems are particularly vulnerable, experiencing symptoms akin to common childhood illnesses. Early diagnosis and treatment typically yield positive outcomes.

Updated WHO list of emerging pathogens for a potential future pandemic: Implications for public health and global preparedness.

Historically, pandemics constitute a major nuisance to public health. They have a debilitating impact on global health with previous occurrences causing major mortalities worldwide. The adverse outcomes are not limited to health outcomes but ravage the social, economic, and political landscapes.

RISK OF INSUFFICIENT HYDROXYVITAMIN D LEVELS IN DIABETIC FOOT ULCERS IN RIVERS STATE NIGERIA.

Background: The global increase in diabetes, especially in developing nations, has escalated complications like diabetic foot ulcers. Hypovitaminosis D is considerably prevalent among individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), especially among those with chronic vascular complications.

Objectives: To determine the association between vitamin D levels and foot ulcers among patients with T2DM.

THE NIGERIAN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION NATIONAL REGISTRY: RATIONALE, DESIGN AND EARLY FINDINGS.

Introduction/background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia. The AF Atrial Fibrillation Registry, which commenced in June 2023, was designed to provide clinical epidemiological data on patients with AF in the country.

Objective(s): The objective is to describe the rationale, design, and early findings from the registry.

PREVALENCE, FORMS, COPING STRATEGIES, CONSEQUENCES AND RISK FACTORS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AMONG WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE IN AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA: A RURAL-URBAN COMPARISON BY ENEH NCHIEK EDET.

Domestic violence (DV) is a 'pandemic' with an estimated 30% of women experiencing violence by their intimate partner. This study aimed to determine and compare the prevalence, forms, risk factors, coping strategies, and consequences of DV among WCBA in rural and urban areas in Akwa Ibom State (AKS). The study, conducted in 2022, was a comparative cross-sectional study that used a mixed method of data collection.

PREVALENCE, TYPES, AND PREDICTORS OF SEXUAL ABUSE AMONG IN-SCHOOL ADOLESCENTS IN AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA: AN URBAN-RURAL QUANTITATIVE SURVEY.

Background: Sexual abuse among adolescents is a serious public health problem. It is a developmental stressor/ reality that remains a cause for concern to parents, teachers, and governments of nations with profound, long-term physiologic and psychosocial effects.

Objective: To determine and compare the prevalence, types, and predictors of sexual abuse among in-school adolescent students in urban and rural areas of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

Progress of nations in the organisation of, and structures for, kidney care delivery between 2019 and 2023: cross sectional survey in 148 countries.

Objective: To assess changes in key measures of kidney care using data reported in 2019 and 2023.

Design: Cross sectional survey in 148 countries.

Setting: Surveys from International Society of Nephrology Global Kidney Health Atlas between 2019 and 2023 that included participants from countries in Africa (n=36), Eastern and Central Europe (n=16), Latin America (n=18), the Middle East (n=11), Newly Independent States and Russia (n=10), North America and the Caribbean (n=8), North and East Asia (n=6), Oceania and South East Asia (n=15), South Asia (n=7), and Western Europe (n=21).

Association of first-line combination antiretroviral therapy with malaria among adult HIV-infected persons in Jos, Nigeria: a pilot cross sectional study.

Background: Malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection coexist in significant numbers in some geographic areas including sub-Sahara Africa (SSA). HIV-infected patients are a World Health Organization (WHO) recognized high risk group for increased malaria morbidity. Majority of HIV-infected patients undertaking treatment in SSA are on WHO recognized first-line combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).

Moving forward: scaling-up the integration of an HIV and hypertension program in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

As people living with HIV experience increased life expectancy, there is a growing concern about the burden of comorbid non-communicable diseases, particularly hypertension. This brief describes the current policy landscape on the management of HIV and hypertension in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, stakeholder engagement meetings, and the resulting five policy recommendations rooted in an ongoing research study designed to integrate hypertension management into HIV care across primary health centers in the State. In order to identify the current gaps in integrated care, discussion sessions with three stakeholder groups (i.

Knowledge of antimicrobial stewardship and the Access, Watch and Reserve (AWaRe) classification of antibiotics among frontline healthcare professionals in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) aims to improve antibiotic use while reducing resistance and its consequences. There is a paucity of data on the availability of AMS programmes in southern Nigeria. Further, there is no data on Nigerian healthcare professionals' knowledge of the WHO 'Access, Watch and Reserve' (AWaRe) classification of antibiotics.

Addressing neurosurgical challenges in war conflict countries.

The Russo-Ukrainian war caused significant humanitarian and healthcare issues in the Russo-Ukrainian region, which were further aggravated by the escalation of the conflict on February 2022. Because of this ongoing confrontation between the two nations, which has its roots in geopolitical conflicts and historical events, there have been nearly 4 million refugees in only the first month, and 906 healthcare institutions have sustained significant damage. Consequently, the demand for medical services has increased, adding onto the burden of the pre-existing problems within the region's healthcare system, such as inequities, budget shortages, and corruption.

Clinical Profile and middle cerebral artery velocity of children with sickle cell anaemia seen in UUTH, Uyo, Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria.

Background: The risk of stroke in individuals with Sickle Cell Anaemia (SCA) can be assessed by routine non-invasive measurement of their cerebral blood flow using a Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound scan. This study aimed to determine the difference in blood flow velocity parameters in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) of children with sickle cell anaemia compared to a normal age-matched population.

Methodology: This was a hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study among 40 SCA patients aged 3-16 years, in steady state and 40 age and sex-matched HbAA healthy subjects.

An Audit of Mortality Pattern in the Neonatology Unit of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Nigeria: A Seven-Year Review.

Background: Most neonatal deaths occur in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). These deaths can be prevented through universal access to basic high-quality in-patient health services. Prematurity, neonatal sepsis, and perinatal asphyxia have been reported as the leading causes of in-patient neonatal deaths.

Profile of Cataract Surgical Patients at the National Eye Centre, Kaduna, Nigeria.

Background: Cataract surgery has evolved over the years. This study aims to highlight the profile of the patients that underwent cataract surgery at a tertiary hospital with emphasis on patient demographics, surgical techniques performed, intraocular lens powers implanted, and the complications managed.

Methodology: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study of all patients who had undergone cataract surgery within two years at the National Eye Centre, Kaduna, Nigeria.

A retrospective study of tuberculosis prevalence and associated factors among HIV-positive key populations in Nigeria.

HIV is a major risk factor for active Tuberculosis (TB.) This raises patients' risk of original infection, reinfection, and TB reactivation. Providing healthcare to KPLHIV in developing countries requires TB prevalence research.