Performance of the IMPACT and CRASH prognostic models for traumatic brain injury in a contemporary multicenter cohort: a TRACK-TBI study.

Objective: The International Mission on Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials in Traumatic Brain Injury (IMPACT) and Corticosteroid Randomization After Significant Head Injury (CRASH) prognostic models for mortality and outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI) were developed using data from 1984 to 2004. This study examined IMPACT and CRASH model performances in a contemporary cohort of US patients.

Methods: The prospective 18-center Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) study (enrollment years 2014-2018) enrolled subjects aged ≥ 17 years who presented to level I trauma centers and received head CT within 24 hours of TBI.

Physical activity in the early postpartum period in primiparous women.

Unlabelled: Little is known about early postpartum physical activity (PA).

Objectives: We aimed to describe PA amount and types and compare moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA) at 12-25 (T1) and 33-46 days (T2) postpartum.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Habitus and Pelvic Floor Symptoms and Support 1 Year Postpartum.

Objective: To estimate the association between habitus measures and pelvic floor support and symptoms in primiparous women 1 year after term vaginal delivery.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study including women enrolled at seven academic and community sites, we assessed pelvic floor support, weight, height, waist circumference, and percent fat using air displacement plethysmography and participants completed questionnaires, all at one year postpartum. We tested the association of quintiles of habitus measure, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, percent body fat, and waist/height ratio, with the primary outcomes: anatomic support, dichotomized as maximal vaginal descent less than 0 cm (better support) compared with 0 cm or more (worse support) per the pelvic organ prolapse quantification examination and symptom burden (positive with bothersome symptoms in two or more of six symptom domains), and on five secondary outcomes.

Gain of 'FAOnction', Loss of Fibrosis.

Recent research by Miguel et al. and Dhillon et al. reveals associations between impaired lipid metabolism and kidney fibrosis.

Early postpartum physical activity and pelvic floor support and symptoms 1 year postpartum.

Background: Risks of pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence increase after the first vaginal delivery. During the early postpartum period, a time of active regeneration and healing of the pelvic floor, women may be particularly vulnerable to greater pelvic floor loading.

Objective: This prospective cohort study aimed to determine whether objectively measured moderate to vigorous physical activity in the early postpartum period predicts pelvic floor support and symptoms 1 year after the first vaginal birth.

Renomedullary Interstitial Cell Endothelin A Receptors Regulate BP and Renal Function.

Background: The physiologic role of renomedullary interstitial cells, which are uniquely and abundantly found in the renal inner medulla, is largely unknown. Endothelin A receptors regulate multiple aspects of renomedullary interstitial cell function .

Methods: To assess the effect of targeting renomedullary interstitial cell endothelin A receptors , we generated a mouse knockout model with inducible disruption of renomedullary interstitial cell endothelin A receptors at 3 months of age.

Nephron-Specific Disruption of Polycystin-1 Induces Cyclooxygenase-2-Mediated Blood Pressure Reduction Independent of Cystogenesis.

Background: Hypertension often occurs before renal function deteriorates in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). It is unknown whether the gene product polycystin-1-the predominant causal factor in ADPKD-itself contributes to ADPKD hypertension independent of cystogenesis.

Methods: We induced nephron-specific disruption of the gene in 3-month-old mice and examined them at 4-5 months of age.

Endothelin-targeted new treatments for proteinuric and inflammatory glomerular diseases: focus on the added value to anti-renin-angiotensin system inhibition.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the main cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide arising as a frequent complication of diabetes, obesity, and hypertension. Current therapeutic options, mainly based of inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), provide imperfect renoprotection if started at an advanced phase of the disease, and treatments that show or even reverse the progression of CKD are needed. The endothelin (ET) system contributes to the normal renal physiology; however, robust evidence suggests a key role of ET-1 and its cognate receptors, in the progression of CKD.

A clinical counseling tool predicting supernumerary embryos after a fresh IVF cycle.

Purpose: To identify factors predictive of having supernumerary embryos in a fresh IVF cycle and create a prediction model for clinical counseling.

Methods: We utilized a multivariable Poisson regression to identify predictive factors and then entered these into a logistic regression model, calculating a risk index for each significant variable. The final model was tested using a receiver operating characteristic curve.

Surgical Treatment for FAI: Arthroscopic and Open Techniques for Osteoplasty.

Purpose Of Review: To review the relevant literature and techniques regarding arthroscopic and open treatment of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). To discuss both the senior authors' preferred method of arthroscopic and open treatment of FAI.

Recent Findings: Routine treatment of FAI has moved away from open techniques and is more focused arthroscopic methods.

Optimal Fat Suppression in Head and Neck MRI: Comparison of Multipoint Dixon with 2 Different Fat-Suppression Techniques, Spectral Presaturation and Inversion Recovery, and STIR.

Background And Purpose: Uniform complete fat suppression is essential for identification and characterization of most head and pathology. Our aim was to compare the multipoint Dixon turbo spin-echo fat-suppression technique with 2 different fat-suppression techniques, including a hybrid spectral presaturation with inversion recovery technique and an inversion recovery STIR technique, in head and neck fat-suppression MR imaging.

Materials And Methods: Head and neck MR imaging datasets of 72 consecutive patients were retrospectively reviewed.

Natural Selection on Genes Related to Cardiovascular Health in High-Altitude Adapted Andeans.

The increase in red blood cell mass (polycythemia) due to the reduced oxygen availability (hypoxia) of residence at high altitude or other conditions is generally thought to be beneficial in terms of increasing tissue oxygen supply. However, the extreme polycythemia and accompanying increased mortality due to heart failure in chronic mountain sickness most likely reduces fitness. Tibetan highlanders have adapted to high altitude, possibly in part via the selection of genetic variants associated with reduced polycythemic response to hypoxia.

Clinical case series of pediatric hepatic angiosarcoma.

Hepatic angiosarcoma is a rare, aggressive, malignant neoplasm with fewer than 50 cases reported in children. Prognosis is poor, with a minority surviving beyond 2 years after diagnosis. We report eight cases of pediatric hepatic angiosarcoma, diagnosed at a mean age of 3 years.

An updated synthesis of [ C]carfentanil for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of the μ-opioid receptor.

[ C]Carfentanil ([ C]CFN) is a selective radiotracer for in vivo positron emission tomography imaging studies of the μ-opioid system that, in our laboratories, is synthesized by methylation of the corresponding carboxylate precursor with [ C]MeOTf, and purified using a C2 solid-phase extraction cartridge. Changes in the commercial availability of common C2 cartridges have necessitated future proofing the synthesis of [ C]CFN to maintain reliable delivery of the radiotracer for clinical imaging studies. An updated synthesis of [ C]CFN is reported that replaces a now obsolete purification cartridge with a new commercially available version and also substitutes the organic solvents used in traditional production methods with ethanol.

Comparing outcomes of pediatric and adult external dacryocystorhinostomy in Nepal: Is age a prognostic factor?

We determine whether age is a prognostic factor for surgical outcomes of external dacryocystorhinostomy (Ex-DCR). This retrospective cohort study conducted at Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology (Kathmandu, Nepal) compared pediatric Ex-DCR procedures (age ≤ 15 years) to adult Ex-DCR procedures (age > 15 years) and was performed between January 2013 and December 2013, with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months. Primary outcome measure was rate of success, defined as complete resolution of subjective symptom(s) of epiphora (subjective success), combined with patent lacrimal passage on syringing (anatomical success) at last follow-up visit.

Nursing Care Management: Influence on Bundled Payments.

Fragmented and uncoordinated care is the third highest driver of U.S. healthcare costs.

Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI in the Evaluation of Carotid Space Paraganglioma versus Schwannoma.

Objective: To describe the potential role of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI in differentiating carotid space (CS) paraganglioma from schwannoma in the head and neck.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of 126 patients who had undergone DCE-MRI between June 2008 and July 2014 and found six patients with histologically verified benign CS tumors. The images were evaluated for tumor T1 and T2 signal characteristics, flow voids, and enhancement pattern.

Subtenon Injections of Ranibizumab Arrest Growth in Early Recurrent Pterygium.

Importance: Currently the only treatment for recurrent pterygium is surgery. This is a phase 1 trial investigating ranibizumab as a medical treatment for recurrent pterygium.

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of subtenon Ranibizimab for recurrent pterygia.

Association of recipient age and causes of heart transplant mortality: Implications for personalization of post-transplant management-An analysis of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Registry.

Background: Survival beyond 1 year after heart transplantation has remained without significant improvement for the last 2 decades. A more individualized approach to post-transplant care could result in a reduction of long-term mortality. Although recipient age has been associated with an increased incidence of certain post-transplant morbidities, its effect on cause-specific mortality has not been established.

Fluid Creep and Over-resuscitation.

Fluid creep is the term applied to a burn resuscitation, which requires more fluid than predicted by standard formulas. Fluid creep is common today and is linked to several serious edema-related complications. Increased fluid requirements may accompany the appropriate resuscitation of massive injuries but dangerous fluid creep is also caused by overly permissive fluid infusion and the lack of colloid supplementation.

Use of methylnaltrexone to induce laxation in acutely injured patients with burns and necrotizing soft-tissue infections.

The routine use of high-dose opioids for analgesia in patients with acute burns and soft-tissue injuries often leads to the development of opioid-induced constipation. The opioid antagonist methylnaltrexone (MLTX) reverses narcotic-related ileus without affecting systemic pain treatment. The authors' burn center developed a bowel protocol that included administration of MLTX for relief of opioid-induced constipation after other methods failed.