Sex-based disparities in the association between uric acid levels and anxiety: a cross-sectional analysis of nationwide data in Korea.

Background: Uric acid has antioxidant properties, and several studies have suggested its neuroprotective effects. Despite reports of increased oxidative damage and decreased antioxidants in anxiety disorders, findings remain inconclusive. This study investigated the association between serum uric acid levels and anxiety symptoms, stratified by sex, using nationwide data from South Korea.

Trends in South Korean Medical Device Development for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Narrative Review.

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are among the most prevalent mental disorders among school-aged youth in South Korea and may play a role in the increasing pressures on teachers and school-based special education programming. A lack of support for special education; tensions between teachers, students, and parents; and limited backup for teacher absences are common complaints among Korean educators. New innovations in technology to screen and treat ADHD and ASD may offer relief to students, parents, and teachers through earlier and efficient diagnosis; access to treatment options; and ultimately, better-managed care and expectations.

Association of social gatherings and physical exercise with depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Strict social isolation and physical distancing measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic had significant implications for the psychological well-being of middle-aged and older adults. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with depressive symptoms during the pandemic period among individuals who reported no significant depressive symptoms before the pandemic. Individuals from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging without a previous report of significant depressive symptoms across Waves 6 (2016) and 7 (2018) were investigated for the development of depressive symptoms in Wave 8 (2020).

Multiple risk-taking behaviors in Korean adolescents and associated factors: 2020 and 2021 Korea youth risk behavior web-based survey.

Objective: Despite the negative health impact of multiple risk-taking behaviors (RTBs), there is a lack of understanding of adolescents who are more prone to multiple RTBs. This study aimed to identify sociodemographic, mental, and physical health variables associated with increased susceptibility to multiple RTBs in each sex.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from the 2020 and 2021 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey was used.

The prevalence and moderating factors of sleep disturbances in people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the prevalence of self-reported sleep disturbances in people living with HIV considering the effects of age, depression, anxiety, CD4 cell counts, time since HIV diagnosis, study region, and the instruments used to measure sleep disturbances. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE to include eligible articles. In this meta-analysis of 43 studies, the pooled prevalence of self-reported sleep disturbances was 52.

Knockdown of vitamin D receptor affects early stages of pectoral fin development in zebrafish.

The vitamin D receptor (VDR) signalling has been implicated in vertebrate limb or fin formation. However, the involvement of VDR signalling in the early stages of limb/fin development remains to be elucidated. In this study, the role of VDR signalling in pectoral fin development was investigated in zebrafish embryos.

Sex differences of the association between handgrip strength and health-related quality of life among patients with cancer.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between handgrip strength (HGS) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), demonstrating HGS as an effective indicator for evaluating HRQoL of patients with cancer. Analyzing 1657 Korean adult cancer patients (644 males, 1013 females) aged ≥ 20 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014-2019), HGS was standardized based on body mass index and categorized by sex. HRQoL was assessed using the Euro Quality of Life-5-Dimension 3-Level version (EQ-5D-3L) Index.

Association between drinking behaviors, sleep duration, and depressive symptoms.

Excessive alcohol consumption has been consistently linked to depression. This study, utilizing nationwide samples from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 21,440) examined the association between drinking behaviors and depressive symptoms while also exploring the influence of sleep duration on this relationship. Demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related factors were included as covariates in the multivariable logistic regression analysis to assess their relationships with depressive symptoms.

Artificial neural network models: implementation of functional near-infrared spectroscopy-based spontaneous lie detection in an interactive scenario.

Deception is an inevitable occurrence in daily life. Various methods have been used to understand the mechanisms underlying brain deception. Moreover, numerous efforts have been undertaken to detect deception and truth-telling.

Thermal Management of Microelectronic Devices Using Nanofluid with Metal foam Heat Sink.

Microelectronic components are used in a variety of applications that range from processing units to smart devices. These components are prone to malfunctions at high temperatures exceeding 373 K in the form of heat dissipation. To resolve this issue, in microelectronic components, a cooling system is required.

An Isolated CNN Architecture for Classification of Finger-Tapping Tasks Using Initial Dip Images: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study.

This work investigates the classification of finger-tapping task images constructed for the initial dip duration of hemodynamics (HR) associated with the small brain area of the left motor cortex using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Different layers (i.e.

Depressive symptoms in younger adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A nationally representative cross-sectional data analysis.

Objective: Several studies have reported an increased prevalence of depressive symptoms during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, the prevalence of significant depressive symptoms and its associated factors in younger adults remain uncertain. We aimed to investigate this association during the COVID-19 pandemic and make a comparison with the pre-pandemic period.

WBM-DLNets: Wrapper-Based Metaheuristic Deep Learning Networks Feature Optimization for Enhancing Brain Tumor Detection.

This study presents wrapper-based metaheuristic deep learning networks (WBM-DLNets) feature optimization algorithms for brain tumor diagnosis using magnetic resonance imaging. Herein, 16 pretrained deep learning networks are used to compute the features. Eight metaheuristic optimization algorithms, namely, the marine predator algorithm, atom search optimization algorithm (ASOA), Harris hawks optimization algorithm, butterfly optimization algorithm, whale optimization algorithm, grey wolf optimization algorithm (GWOA), bat algorithm, and firefly algorithm, are used to evaluate the classification performance using a support vector machine (SVM)-based cost function.

: An investigation of public trust in South Korea.

Background: Humanoid robots with artificial intelligence have been implemented in many healthcare facilities including hospitals, nursing homes, and many others. Due to the development of technology and the increasing use of humanoid robots, it is expected that more advanced humanoid robots will be developed and implemented in healthcare facilities for better healthcare services. Based on this anticipation, this study proactively examined the public trust in humanoid AI robot (HAIR) doctors that we might have in the near future.

IoT malware detection architecture using a novel channel boosted and squeezed CNN.

Interaction between devices, people, and the Internet has given birth to a new digital communication model, the internet of things (IoT). The integration of smart devices to constitute a network introduces many security challenges. These connected devices have created a security blind spot, where cybercriminals can easily launch attacks to compromise the devices using malware proliferation techniques.

ADAS-viewer: web-based application for integrative analysis of multi-omics data in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and is represented by complicated biological mechanisms and complexity of brain tissue. Our understanding of the complicated molecular architecture that contributes to AD progression benefits from performing comprehensive and systemic investigations with multi-layered molecular and biological data from different brain regions. Since recently different independent studies generated various omics data in different brain regions of AD patients, multi-omics data integration can be a useful resource for better comprehensive understanding of AD.

Associations between Gender, Alcohol Use and Negative Consequences among Korean College Students: A National Study.

This study examines Korean college students' rates and the severity of various negative consequences resulting from the frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption and the unique factors that are affecting this problem in the Korean context in comparison to other countries. It assesses how much gender, age and other associated respondent characteristics mediate alcohol use and the resulting negative consequences among the population. A stratified representative sample of 4803 valid student respondents attending 82 colleges participated in the alcohol consumption survey, of which 95% reported drinking in past 12 months.

Evaluation of antibiotic-induced behavioral changes in mice.

Gut microbiota (GM) plays a critical role in health maintenance. Previous reports connected GM with metabolic, immunologic and neurologic pathways. The main purpose of the current investigation was to study whether antibiotic-induced disturbances of GM affects psychological or behavioral conditions on mice as animal model.

Predictors of Posttraumatic Growth: Insights From a Comparison Between Assault Victims and Nonassault Victims.

Posttraumatic growth (PTG) has been investigated in many different areas of trauma, including cancer, occupation-related injuries, and crimes. In the current study, we aimed to examine the effects of traumatic events on the victims' PTG. The current study was a survey study with group comparison.

Ordinary Responses to an Extraordinary Disaster: Sewol Ferry Sinking and the Victim Families' Experience.

Sewol Ferry sinking was a man-made disaster that happened on April 16, 2014, in South Korea, resulting in 304 deaths. In the 2 years following the disaster, the Special Investigation Commission on the Sewol Ferry Disaster conducted a qualitative study with the victim families to investigate their experience. One hundred forty-five interviews were conducted with parents, aunts, and grandparents of high school student victims by a team of clinical and community psychologists.

Attributes of caregivers' quality of life: A perspective comparison between spousal and non-spousal caregivers of older patients with cancer.

Purpose: With the aging population, our current understanding of patients with cancer and their family caregivers needs to be expanded to older patients with cancer and their caregivers. By differentiating spousal caregivers and non-spousal caregivers, we aimed to investigate the universalities and particularities of caregiving for older patients with cancer.

Methods: Through 11 cancer centers in South Korea, 358 patient-caregiver pairs were recruited in this cross-sectional study.

Patient-family communication mediates the relation between family hardiness and caregiver positivity: Exploring the moderating role of caregiver depression and anxiety.

Despite the theoretical and empirical significance of positive aspects of caregiving in caregiver well-being, relatively little is known regarding family-related predictors of caregiver positivity. This study examines whether patient-family communication (p-f communication) mediates the relation between family hardiness and caregiver positivity and whether the mediating effects of p-f communication are moderated by the levels of caregiver depression and anxiety. This study used secondary data obtained from a large-scale cross-sectional national survey conducted in South Korea.

Experience with age discrimination and attitudes toward ageism in older patients with cancer and their caregivers: A nationwide Korean survey.

Objective: It is not clear whether age-related differences in treatment and treatment decision-making are the result of age discrimination or just a reflection of older patients' elevated risk and their own preferences. Therefore, it is critical to understand older patients' own views toward their care in regard to its relationship to age.

Material And Methods: 439 older patients with cancer (age ≥ 60) and 358 family members from eleven cancer centers participated in this cross-sectional survey.

Factors associated with quality of life of people with Myasthenia Gravis.

Purpose: As most of patients with Myasthenia Gravis have limitations in their physical functioning, many experience changes in psychological states and often have depression. The objective of the current study was to examine the roles of communication with medical professionals, patients' loneliness, and patients' depression, in relation to their effects on the patients' quality of life.

Methods: For 120 patients with MG of 18 years and older, demographic variables, along with communication with medical professionals, loneliness, depression, and quality of life were measured.

What We Talk about When We Talk about Caregiving: The Distribution of Roles in Cancer Patient Caregiving in a Family-Oriented Culture.

Purpose: When it comes to cancer care, the psychological well-being of family caregivers has gotten its deserved attention. However, the specific roles that the family caregivers take have not been examined as much. The current study aimed to investigate the distribution of family caregivers' roles, particularly in a family-oriented culture, Korea.