Pain Management in Animals with Oncological Disease: Opioids as Influencers of Immune and Tumor Cellular Balance.

Advancements in understanding pain physiopathology have historically challenged animals' absence of pain senses. Studies have demonstrated that animals have comparable neural pain pathways, suggesting that cats and dogs likely experience pain similarly to humans. Understanding brain circuits for effective pain control has been crucial to adjusting pain management to the patient's individual responses and current condition.

Golden Flower Tibetan Tea Polysaccharides Alleviate Constipation in Mice by Regulating Aquaporins-Mediated Water Transport System and Gut Microbiota.

Constipation, a widespread gastrointestinal disorder, often leads to the exploration of natural remedies. This study examines the efficacy of Golden Flower Tibetan Tea Polysaccharides (GFTTPs) in alleviating constipation in mice. Chemical analyses reveal that GFTTPs possess O-H, carboxyl, carboxylic acid (-COOH), and C-O-C groups, alongside a porous crystal structure with thermal stability.

Wine Volatilome as Affected by Tartaric Stabilization Treatments: Cold Stabilization, Carboxymethylcellulose and Metatartaric Acid.

The primary cause of bottled wine sediment is tartrate crystal precipitation. To prevent this, wines undergo a stabilization process before bottling. The most commonly used method is cold stabilization, which induces the precipitation of tartrate crystals that are then removed, thereby eliminating the excess ions that cause instability in wine.

Application of DNA aptamers to block enterotoxigenic toxicity in a larval model.

Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) is the major bacterial cause of diarrheal diseases in pigs, particularly at young ages, resulting in significant costs to swine farming. The pathogenicity of ETEC is largely dependent on the presence of fimbriae and the ability to produce toxins. Fimbriae are responsible for their initial adhesion to the intestinal epithelial cells, leading to the onset of infection.

Lyme disease in companion animals: an updated state-of-art and current situation in Portugal.

Lyme disease (LD) is a globally distributed zoonotic multisystemic condition caused by gram-negative spirochete bacteria of the Borrelia burgdorferi complex, transmitted through tick bites. Research on LD in domestic animals in Portugal is limited, potentially leading to underestimating its prevalence. This disease affects many species, including humans, making it a critical public health issue.

Long-term effects of the chronic administration of doxorubicin on aged skeletal muscle: An exploratory study in mice.

The widely used chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) has been associated with adverse effects on the skeletal muscle, which can persist for years after the end of the treatment. These adverse effects may be exacerbated in older patients, whose skeletal muscle might already be impaired by aging. Nonetheless, the mediators responsible for DOX-induced myotoxicity are still largely unidentified, particularly the ones involved in the long-term effects that negatively affect the quality of life of the patients.

Six-month combined aerobic and resistance exercise program enhances 6-minute walk test and physical fitness in people with peripheral arterial disease: A pilot study.

Background: Exercise therapy is a recognized non-pharmacological intervention for peripheral arterial disease (PAD); however, the effects of combined exercise remain under investigation. This study aimed to compare the effects of a 6-month combined supervised exercise program (SUP) with a usual care (UC) approach on walking ability, physical fitness, and peripheral blood flow in people with PAD and claudication.

Methods: Twenty-three male participants (Age=64.

Multidrug-Resistant Accumulated by Freshwater Bivalves: An Underestimated Risk for Public Health?

As bioindicators, freshwater bivalves are crucial for the assessment of the contamination impact on different levels of biological integration. is used as a bioindicator of water fecal contamination, representing a critical global concern, especially with the rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. Phylogenetic diversity, pathotypic characterization, and antibiotic resistance profiles of isolated from freshwater bivalves () were assessed.

Ecotoxicological Effects of Emerging Contaminants on Aquatic Species.

Emerging contaminants (ECs), also known as contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), are defined as synthetic or naturally occurring chemicals or biological agents that are not commonly monitored in the environment but have the potential to enter the environment and cause known or supposed adverse ecological and human health effects [...

Regenerative anemia identification in cats: Red blood cell indices or morphology, what to use?

Background And Aim: Anemia, a clinical condition characterized by reduced erythrocytes, is often observed in cats. Regeneration indicates that the bone marrow can respond appropriately to anemia. The absolute reticulocyte count is the reference for differentiating regenerative and non-regenerative anemia, while red blood cell (RBC) indices and morphology provide supplementary information.

Nanotherapy for human papillomavirus-associated cancers: breakthroughs and challenges.

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are well-known causative agents of several cancers, yet selective therapies remain under investigation. Nanoparticles, for instance, are emerging as promising solutions to enhance the delivery and efficacy of therapeutic approaches. Despite the increasing number of nanotherapies offering advantages over current treatments, only one has advanced to clinical trials.

TGFβ in malignant canine mammary tumors: relation with angiogenesis, immunologic markers and prognostic role.

Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) and FoxP3 regulatory T cells (Treg) are involved in human breast carcinogenesis. This topic is not well documented in canine mammary tumors (CMT). In this work, the tumoral TGFβ expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 67 malignant CMT and its correlation to previously determined FoxP3, VEGF, and CD31 markers and other clinicopathologic parameters was evaluated.

Proneurogenic actions of follicle-stimulating hormone on neurospheres derived from ovarian cortical cells in vitro.

Background: Neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) from extra-neural origin represent a valuable tool for autologous cell therapy and research in neurogenesis. Identification of proneurogenic biomolecules on NSPCs would improve the success of cell therapies for neurodegenerative diseases. Preliminary data suggested that follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) might act in this fashion.

Moscatilin, a potential therapeutic agent for cancer treatment: insights into molecular mechanisms and clinical prospects.

Moscatilin, a bibenzyl derivative from the Dendrobium genus, has been traditionally used in Chinese medicine. Recent studies suggest its potential as a powerful anticancer agent due to its diverse pharmacological properties.This review aims to consolidate current research on moscatilin's anticancer mechanisms, structure-activity relationships, and therapeutic potential to assess its viability for clinical use.

Risk assessment of 2β,3β-19α-trihydroxyursolic acid from Rubus imperialis (Rosaceae) in HepG2/C3A cells via genotoxicity, metabolism, and cell growth.

Rubus imperialis (Rosaceae) is a Brazilian medicinal plant that already exhibited therapeutical perspectives. However, previous studies revealed cellular and/or genetic toxicity of extracts from aerial parts of this plant, as well as other species of the Rubus genus. Being 2β,3β-19α-trihydroxyursolic acid (2B) one of the major compounds of this plant, with proven pharmacological effect, it is important to investigate the biosafety of this isolated compound.

The use of water in wineries: A review.

Water is essential at various stages of winemaking, from irrigation in the vineyard to cleaning equipment and facilities, controlling fermentation temperatures, and diluting grape juice if necessary. Additionally, water is used for sanitation purposes to ensure the quality and safety of the final product. This article provides an overview of the existing knowledge regarding the use of water in wineries throughout the winemaking process, water consumption values, effluent treatment, efficient use of water measures, and water reuse.

Integrating policy, data and technology in pursuing effective management of ecosystem services.

With the growing concerns about the protection of ecosystem functions and services, governments have developed public policies and organizations have produced an awesome volume of digital data freely available through their websites. On the other hand, advances in data acquisition through remote sensed sources and processing through geographic information systems (GIS) and statistical tools, allowed an unprecedent capacity to manage ecosystems efficiently. However, the real-world scenario in that regard remains paradoxically challenging.

Advances in Donkey and Mule Research.

Donkeys () and mules represent approximately 50% of the entire domestic equine population in the world and play an essential role in the lives of thousands of people, primarily in developing countries [...

Histopathological and Ultrastructural Study of a Canine Langerhans Cell Tumour (Canine Cutaneous Histiocytoma).

Canine cutaneous histiocytoma (CCH) represents a significant proportion of dog skin tumours, often manifesting as the most common neoplastic skin condition in young animals. Predominantly affecting dogs under four, these tumours appear primarily as solitary lesions that may regress spontaneously. This study, conducted over five years at the University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, involved a detailed histopathological and ultrastructural examination of 93 CCH cases.

Enhanced targeted liposomal delivery of imiquimod via aptamer functionalization for head and neck cancer therapy.

The incidence of head and neck cancers, particularly those associated with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections, has been steadily increasing. Conventional therapies exhibit limitations and drawbacks, prompting the exploration of new strategies over the years, with nanomedicine approaches, especially liposomes gaining relevance. Additionally, the functionalization of liposomes with aptamers enables selective delivery to target cells.

The effect of the production system on the proteomics profiles of the Longissimus thoracis muscle in Arouquesa cattle.

Arouquesa cattle breed is an autochthonous Portuguese breed produced under a traditional mountain system that need improvement without affecting beef quality. The aim of this work is to compare the proteomics profiles of the Longissimus thoracis muscle from Arouquesa animals produced under different production systems. Sixty weaners were produced under the following systems: traditional (TF) and traditional with starter feed supplementation (TF + S1) with weaning and slaughtering at 9 months, the S1 + S2 (weaning at 5 months and grower supplement until slaughter) and two rearing periods with finishing supplementation (TF + S3 and S3).

Refinement of intranasal delivery in rats: A cadaveric study.

The intranasal route enables direct delivery of multiple substances from the nose to the brain, through olfactory and trigeminal pathways, bypassing the blood-brain barrier and avoiding systemic absorption. Despite the potential of this route, the various administration approaches make data reproducibility and interpretation challenging, emphasizing the necessity to establish a consistent methodology. Considering this, the aim of our study was to assess and compare the distribution of two dye volumes (30 µl and 50 µl) in the nasal cavity of rat cadavers.

The water cycle of small catchments impacted with tailings mudflows: A study in the Ferro-Carvão watershed after the breakup of B1 dam in Brumadinho.

The B1 tailings dam of Córrego do Feijão iron-ore mine owned by Vale, S.A. company collapsed in 25 January 2019 releasing to the Ferro-Carvão stream watershed (32.