Post-Concussion Brain Changes Relative to Pre-Injury White Matter and Cerebral Blood Flow: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background And Objectives: Medical clearance for return to play (RTP) after sports-related concussion is based on clinical assessment. It is unknown whether brain physiology has entirely returned to preinjury baseline at the time of clearance. In this longitudinal study, we assessed whether concussed individuals show functional and structural MRI brain changes relative to preinjury levels that persist beyond medical clearance.

The neurorepellent SLIT2 inhibits LPS-induced proinflammatory signaling in macrophages.

Macrophages are important mediators of immune responses with critical roles in the recognition and clearance of pathogens, as well as in the resolution of inflammation and wound healing. The neuronal guidance cue SLIT2 has been widely studied for its effects on immune cell functions, most notably directional cell migration. Recently, SLIT2 has been shown to directly enhance bacterial killing by macrophages, but the effects of SLIT2 on inflammatory activation of macrophages are less known.

Modulating inhibitory synaptic plasticity to restore basal ganglia dynamics in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease is characterized, in part, by hypoactivity of direct pathway inhibitory projections from striatum to the globus pallidus internus (GPi) and indirect pathway inhibitory projections from globus pallidus externus (GPe) to the subthalamic nucleus (STN). In people with Parkinson's disease (n=32), we explored the potential use of intracranial stimulation for eliciting long-term potentiation (LTP) of these underactive pathways to produce improvement of symptoms that persists beyond stimulation cessation. During GPi deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery, we found strong evidence (p<.

Global prevalence of post-COVID-19 condition: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective evidence.

Introduction: We investigated the prevalence of new or persistent manifestations experienced by COVID-19 survivors at 3 or more months after their initial infection, collectively known as post-COVID-19 condition (PCC).

Methods: We searched four electronic databases and major grey literature resources for prospective studies, systematic reviews, authoritative reports and population surveys. A random-effects meta-analysis pooled the prevalence data of 22 symptoms and outcomes.

Active microgel particle swarms for intrabronchial targeted delivery.

Intrabronchial delivery of therapeutic agents is critical to the treatment of respiratory diseases. Targeted delivery is demanded because of the off-target accumulation of drugs in normal lung tissues caused by inhalation and the limited motion dexterity of clinical bronchoscopes in tortuous bronchial trees. Herein, we developed microrobotic swarms consisting of magnetic hydrogel microparticles to achieve intrabronchial targeted delivery.

An analysis of performance bottlenecks in MRI preprocessing.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) preprocessing is a critical step for neuroimaging analysis. However, the computational cost of MRI preprocessing pipelines is a major bottleneck for large cohort studies and some clinical applications. While high-performance computing and, more recently, deep learning have been adopted to accelerate the computations, these techniques require costly hardware and are not accessible to all researchers.

Individualized Hyaluronidase-Facilitated Subcutaneous Immunoglobulin 10% Administration in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy: The Nurse's Role.

Hyaluronidase-facilitated subcutaneous immunoglobulin (fSCIG) 10% offers potential improvements in patient independence and tolerability versus intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) when used for the treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). fSCIG 10% also requires less frequent infusions and fewer infusion sites than conventional subcutaneous immunoglobulin (subcutaneous immunoglobulin without hyaluronidase). The ADVANCE-CIDP 1 study demonstrated fSCIG 10% efficacy and safety in preventing CIDP relapse and positive responses from patients in terms of satisfaction and treatment preference.

Primary Care Visit Rates Among Canadian Veterans in Ontario: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Sex- and Length of Service-stratified Comparisons With Nonveterans.

Introduction: Research comparing primary care (PC) use among veterans and nonveterans has not widely considered the impact of sex and length of service on the association between veteran status and PC use. We calculated relative differences in the rate of PC visits between Canadian Armed Forces and Royal Canadian Mounted Police veterans and nonveterans overall and by sex and length of service.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a matched, retrospective cohort study of Canadian veterans and nonveterans residing in Ontario, Canada between 1990 and 2019 using routinely collected linked administrative health care data held at ICES (formerly known as the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences).

The Dermatologist is Out? Assessment of Dermatologists in Ontario Accepting Ontario Health Insurance Plan (OHIP) Referrals for Hair Loss Evaluation.

Background: The Ontario Health Insurance Plan (OHIP) insures appointments for the assessment and diagnosis of hair loss, or alopecia. Although anecdotal, discussion suggests that, increasingly, dermatologists decline to see referrals of this nature. There has been a lack of objective surveillance to determine the proportion of dermatologists in practice who accept referrals for this concern.

Hepatitis B prevention interventions during HIV post-exposure prophylaxis visits: A retrospective chart review.

BackgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV) disproportionately affects people at risk of HIV. Encounters for HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) create opportunities for HBV screening and prevention. We quantified HBV prevalence, susceptibility, and active/passive immunization use among patients seeking HIV PEP.

Patient Eczema Education Pictorial Study (PEEPS): A Pilot Investigation.

Background: For optimal control of atopic dermatitis (AD), patient education is essential to complement traditional therapy. Patient education has proven to benefit AD outcomes, but previous methods of delivery are costly and time-consuming.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a one-page pictorial education tool at improving AD quality of life (QoL) and disease severity.

IL-15 complex enhances agonistic anti-CD40 + anti-PDL1 by correcting the T-bet to Tox ratio in CD8+ T cells infiltrating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Agonistic anti-CD40 with anti-PD-1 can elicit objective responses in a small number of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). Better understanding of their individual effects on the PDA tumor microenvironment will help inform new strategies to further improve outcomes. Herein, we map tumor-specific CD8+ T-cell differentiation following agonistic anti-CD40 and/or anti-PDL1 in PDA.

Evaluation of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 15 Palliative Care and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Palliative in assessing the quality of life in patients with advanced cancer.

Purpose Of Review: Two widely validated health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) tools, specifically designed for patients with advanced cancer, are the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 15 Palliative Care (EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL) and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Palliative (FACIT-Pal-14). This systematic review aims to evaluate the use of EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL and FACIT-Pal-14 in prospective studies in patients with advanced cancer, focusing on study types, clinical settings, additional HR-QoL tools used, and completion rates.

Recent Findings: Sixty studies were included in the analysis.

Beyond-classical computation in quantum simulation.

Quantum computers hold the promise of solving certain problems that lie beyond the reach of conventional computers. Establishing this capability, especially for impactful and meaningful problems, remains a central challenge. Here we show that superconducting quantum annealing processors can rapidly generate samples in close agreement with solutions of the Schrödinger equation.

Update on Cancer Screening Recommendations for Individuals with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome.

Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is an autosomal dominant cancer predisposition condition characterized by a high lifetime risk for a wide spectrum of malignancies associated with germline pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene. Secondary malignant neoplasms are particularly common. Early cancer detection through surveillance enables early intervention and leads to improved clinical outcomes with reduced tumor-related mortality and treatment-related morbidity.

Co-Authoring and Reporting on Lived Experience Engagement in Mental Health and/or Substance Research: A Qualitative Study and Guidance Document.

Introduction: There is a move towards engaging people with lived experience and families (PWLE/F)-also referred to as PWLE/F engagement-in mental health and/or substance use research. However, PWLE/F engagement is inadequately reported on in mental health and/or substance use research papers.

Objective: To understand what PWLE/F and researchers perceive are important components to report on related to engagement in mental health and/or substance use research.

Similar artefact susceptibility for water- and air-filled urodynamic systems: a non-inferiority randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: To determine whether air-filled systems (AFS) provide comparable urodynamic investigation (UDI) trace quality to water-filled systems (WFS), the recommended standard by the International Continence Society.

Patients And Methods: A total of 490 patients undergoing UDI from April 2021 to January 2022 were included in this non-inferiority randomised controlled trial. Eligible patients were female and male adults with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD).

Feasibility of telephone and computerized cognitive testing as a secondary outcome in an acute stroke clinical trial: A mixed methods sub-study of the AcT Trial.

Introduction: Post-stroke cognitive impairment is associated with impaired quality of life. Remote testing provides a potential avenue to measure cognitive outcomes efficiently.

Patients And Methods: Prospective cognitive outcomes were collected at 90-180 days using both telephone MoCA (T-MoCA; range 0-22; <17 impairment) and Creyos, a computerized cognitive battery.

Exploring socio-economic dimensions in HIV research: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis (1992-2024).

The socio-economic burden of HIV infection remains a critical global health concern. This study was conducted to perform a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the socio-economic burden of HIV infection, highlighting research trends, collaboration networks, and the evolving focus on social determinants of health over the past 32 years. A systematic search was conducted in Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection databases, covering publications from 1992 to 2024.

Examining shift duration and sociodemographic influences on the well-being of healthcare professionals in the United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Providing quality healthcare is an essential part of the healthcare system. The high workload and night work associated with healthcare providing may result in work-life imbalance among healthcare professionals (HCPs) and in degradation in the quality of care.

Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the effects of sociodemographic characteristics and shift work on HCPs' well-being in four large hospitals in the United Arab Emirates using a validated questionnaire.